scholarly journals The Effects of Inter-Set Recovery Time on Explosive Power, Electromyography Activity, and Tissue Oxygenation during Plyometric Training

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3015
Author(s):  
Shuo Guan ◽  
Nan Lin ◽  
Yue Yin ◽  
Haibin Liu ◽  
Liqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Plyometric Exercise

Performing continuous sets to failure is fatiguing during the plyometric training. Cluster sets have been used to redistribute total rest time to create short frequent sets so that muscle fatigue can be avoided. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of inter-set recovery time on lower extremity explosive power, neuromuscular activity, and tissue oxygenation during plyometric exercise and recovery. An integrated assessment of explosive power, muscle electrical activity, and tissue oxygenation was adopted in the present study to help understand local muscle metabolism and fatigue during plyometric exercise and recovery. Ten university male basketball players participated in this study. Subjects performed 4 groups of exercise, each group comprised of 3 sets of jumps: 1, 2, 3, or 5 min. Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals were collected from 9 lower extremity muscles; near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was recorded on vastus lateralis; mechanical data during plyometric exercise were collected from a force plate. No significant differences among sets and among groups were found regarding explosive power, jump height, EMG intensity, mean power frequency, the rate of tissue saturation index, and HbO2 changes between baseline and recovery. The current study has shown no muscular fatigue induced during the 4 groups of exercise. The results of this study may help inform recommendations concerning the recovery time during plyometric exercises at low loads (30% 1 RM).

scholarly journals Muscle oxygenation maintained during repeated sprints despite inspiratory muscle loading

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón F. Rodriguez ◽  
Nathan E. Townsend ◽  
Robert J. Aughey ◽  
François Billaut
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Meaningful Difference ◽  
Sprint Exercise ◽  
Sixth Intercostal Space ◽  
The Difference

AbstractA high work of breathing can compromise limb oxygen delivery during sustained high-intensity exercise. However, it is unclear if the same is true for intermittent sprint exercise. This project examined the addition of an inspiratory load on locomotor muscle tissue reoxygenation during repeated-sprint exercise. Ten healthy males completed three experimental sessions of ten 10 s sprints, separated by 30 s of passive rest on a cycle ergometer. The first two sessions were “all-out’ efforts performed without (CTRL) or with inspiratory loading (INSP) in a randomised and counterbalanced order. The third experimental session (MATCH) consisted of ten 10 s work-matched intervals. Tissue saturation index (TSI) and deoxy-haemoglobin (HHb) of the vastus lateralis and sixth intercostal space was monitored with near-infrared spectroscopy. Vastus lateralis reoxygenation (ΔReoxy) was calculated as the difference from peak HHb (sprint) to nadir HHb (recovery). Total mechanical work completed was similar between INSP and CTRL (effect size: −0.18, 90% confidence limit ±0.43), and differences in vastus lateralis TSI during the sprint (−0.01, ±0.33) and recovery (−0.08, ±0.50) phases were unclear. There was also no meaningful difference in ΔReoxy (0.21, ±0.37). Intercostal HHb was higher in the INSP session compared to CTRL (0.42, ±0.34), whilst the difference was unclear for TSI (−0.01, ±0.33). During MATCH exercise, differences in vastus lateralis TSI were unclear compared to INSP for both sprint (0.10, ±0.30) and recovery (−0.09, ±0.48) phases, and there was no meaningful difference in ΔReoxy (−0.25, ±0.55). Intercostal TSI was higher during MATCH compared to INSP (0.95, ±0.53), whereas HHb was lower (−1.09, ±0.33). The lack of difference in ΔReoxy between INSP and CTRL suggests that for intermittent sprint exercise, the metabolic O2demands of both the respiratory and locomotor muscles can be met. Additionally, the similarity of the MATCH suggests that ΔReoxy was maximal in all exercise conditions.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Assessment of Tissue Oxygenation During Selective Cerebral Perfusion for Neonatal Aortic Arch Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsiang Huang ◽  
Yi-Chia Wang ◽  
Hen-Wen Chou ◽  
Shu-Chien Huang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Selective Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Arch Reconstruction

Objective: Optimal selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) management for neonatal aortic arch surgery has not been extensively studied. We induced mild hypothermia during SCP and used the tissue oxygenation monitor to ensure adequate perfusion during the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods: Eight cases were recruited from September 2018 to April 2020. SCP was maintained at 30°C, and CPB was adjusted to achieve a mean right radial artery pressure of 30 mmHg. The near-infrared tissue saturation (NIRS) monitor was applied to assess the right and left brain, flank, and lower extremity during the surgery.Results: During surgery, the mean age was 4.75 days, the mean body weight was 2.92 kg, the CPB duration was 86.5 ±18.7 min, the aortic cross-clamp time was 46.1 ± 12.7 min, and the SCP duration was 14.6±3.4 min. The brain NIRS before, during, and after SCP was 64.2, 67.2, and 71.5 on the left side and 67.9, 66.2, and 70.1 on the right side (p = NS), respectively. However, renal and lower extremity tissue oxygenation, respectively decreased from 61.6 and 62.4 before SCP to 37.7 and 39.9 after SCP (p < 0.05) and then increased to 70.1 and 90.4 after full body flow resumed. No stroke was reported postoperatively.Conclusion: SCP under mild hypothermia can aid in efficient maintenance of brain perfusion during neonatal arch reconstruction. The clinical outcome of this strategy was favorable for up to 20 min, but the safety duration of lower body ischemia warrants further analysis.

scholarly journals Differential Brain and Muscle Tissue Oxygenation Responses to Exercise in Tibetans Compared to Han Chinese

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Lin Fan ◽  
Tian Yi Wu ◽  
Andrew T. Lovering ◽  
Liya Nan ◽  
Wang Liang Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Brain Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Hypoxic Exercise

The Tibetans’ better aerobic exercise capacity at altitude remains ill-understood. We tested the hypothesis that Tibetans display better muscle and brain tissue oxygenation during exercise in hypoxia. Using near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS) to provide indices of tissue oxygenation, we measured oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin ([O2Hb] and [HHb], respectively) responses of the vastus lateralis muscle and the right prefrontal cortex in ten Han Chinese and ten Tibetans during incremental cycling to exhaustion in a pressure-regulated chamber at simulated sea-level (air at 1 atm: normobaric normoxia) and 5,000 m (air at 0.5 atm: hypobaric hypoxia). Hypoxia reduced aerobic capacity by ∼22% in both groups (d= 0.8,p< 0.001 vs. normoxia), while Tibetans consistently outperformed their Han Chinese counterpart by ∼32% in normoxia and hypoxia (d= 1.0,p= 0.008). We found cerebral [O2Hb] was higher in Tibetans at normoxic maximal effort compared Han (p= 0.001), while muscle [O2Hb] was not different (p= 0.240). Hypoxic exercise lowered muscle [O2Hb] in Tibetans by a greater extent than in Han (interaction effect:p< 0.001 vs. normoxic exercise). Muscle [O2Hb] was lower in Tibetans when compared to Han during hypoxic exercise (d= 0.9,p= 0.003), but not during normoxic exercise (d= 0.4,p= 0.240). Muscle [HHb] was not different between the two groups during normoxic and hypoxic exercise (p= 0.778). Compared to Han, our findings revealed a higher brain tissue oxygenation in Tibetans during maximal exercise in normoxia, but lower muscle tissue oxygenation during exercise in hypoxia. This would suggest that the Tibetans privileged oxygenation of the brain at the expense of that of the muscle.

scholarly journals Relationship between maximal incremental and high-intensity interval exercise performance in elite athletes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Chieh Chang ◽  
Alessandra Adami ◽  
Hsin-Chin Lin ◽  
Yin-Chou Lin ◽  
Carl P.C. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
High Intensity Interval

AbstractIt remains unclear whether the number of total bouts to limitation (Blim) in high-intensity interval testing (HIIT) differs among individuals, no matter if performed at the same relative intensity. This study aimed to explore the physiologic factors determining tolerance to effort during a HIIT. Forty-seven female participants (15-28 years old) were included: 23 athletes from Taiwan national or national reserve teams, and 24 moderately-active female. Each participant underwent maximal incremental (INC; modified-Bruce protocol) cardiopulmonary exercise testing and HIIT on treadmill, on separate days. HIIT protocol alternated a 1-min effort at 120% of the maximal speed and the same slope reached at the end of INC, with a 1-min rest, until volitional exhaustion. Gas-exchanges, and muscle oxygenation at right vastus lateralis by near-infrared spectroscopy, were continuously recorded. Additionally, bioelectrical impedance was utilized for body composition analysis. The result showed that Blim differed greatly (range: 2.6 to 12) among participants. Stepwise regression revealed that Blim was determined primarily by oxygen consumption (VO2) and heart rate (HR) at second-minute recovery; and, muscle tissue saturation index at peak of INC (R=0.644). Also, age and percent body fat were linearly correlated with Blim (adjusted R=−0.475, −0.371, p<0.05). Therefore, HIIT performance is determined by fast recovery of VO2 and HR, rather than maximal VO2 or muscle oxygenation recovery. Moreover, capacity to sustain a HIIT declines with age since as early as late adolescent. Further investigations on which factors should be manipulated to further improve athletes performance are warrant.

scholarly journals The effects of exercise training on muscle oxygenation of patients with intermittent claudication

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Chatzinikolaou ◽  
N Cornelis ◽  
J Claes ◽  
R Buys ◽  
I Fourneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Walking Capacity

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Intermittent claudication (IC) is characterized by a cramp-like pain during walking caused by insufficient blood flow to the lower limbs during exercise. The walking impairment caused by IC can lead to a vicious cycle of physical inactivity, decreased quality of life and progression of cardiovascular risk factors. Although current evidence supports the benefits of walking training to increase walking capacity, little is known about its effect on muscle oxygenation in this population. Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a hybrid 12-week walking program (combined center- and home-based walking) on muscle oxygenation of IC patients. Methods. Thirty-seven patients with IC were enrolled of which 33 completed follow-up measurements (age 71 ± 9 yrs, body mass index 26 ± 4 kg/m2, ankle brachial index (ABI) 0.7 ± 0.2) after the 12-week intervention. Outcome measures were pain-free walking capacity (PFWC), maximal walking capacity (MWC) and calf muscle oxygenation, respectively evaluated using a submaximal treadmill test, a Gardner treadmill test and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Results. After the 12-week intervention, significantly higher values (reported as median and interquartiles) for PFWC (162 m [122, 217] to 272 m [150, 401]; p &lt; 0.001) and MWC (458 m [260, 638] to 611 m [333, 840]; p &lt; 0.001) were observed. As shown in Table 1, NIRS data measured during the submaximal walking test showed an increased availability of oxygenated hemoglobin (p = 0.048) and decreased deoxyhemoglobin (p = 0.013), while total hemoglobin remained unchanged after the 12-week intervention. During the Gardner test, time to reach minimum tissue saturation index (TSI%) increased (p &lt; 0.001), yet no change was noted on minimum TSI during exercise, despite increased MWC. Despite a trend towards faster recovery times, no significant changes were observed after the 12-week intervention. Conclusion. Hybrid walking exercise therapy improves deoxygenation kinetics and walking capacity in IC patients. Increased availability of oxygenated hemoglobin might underly the improvement in walking capacity.

Evaluating the dynamics of brain tissue oxygenation using near-infrared spectroscopy on various experimental models

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 115602
Author(s):  
D M Kustov ◽  
A S Sharova ◽  
V I Makarov ◽  
A V Borodkin ◽  
T A Saveleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Brain Tissue Oxygenation
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