scholarly journals The Influence of Antenna Height on the Measurement of Collective Variables Using an Ultra-Wide Band Based Local Positioning System in Team Sports

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
Asier Los Arcos ◽  
Petrus Gantois ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Trained Athlete ◽  
Collective Variables ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Local Positioning System ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
Basketball Court ◽  
Distance Difference

Ultra-wide band (UWB) based local positioning systems (LPS) are based on devices and a portable antenna set. The optimal installation height of the antennae is crucial to ensure data accuracy. Collective variables are metrics that consider at least two pairs of coordinates, which may lead to lower precision than an individual one. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the influence of antenna height with collective metrics using a UWB (i.e., IMU; WIMU PRO™, RealTrack Systems, Almeria, Spain) based LPS. Data acquisition was carried out in a basketball court measuring 28 × 15 m. Five devices were used; one of which was carried by a healthy and well-trained athlete (age: 38 years, mass: 76.34 kg, height 1.70 m), while each of the remaining four was positioned on a tripod in one of the four corners of the court. Four kinds of variables were extracted: (1) static distances, (2) dynamic distances, (3) static areas and (4) dynamic areas in all antenna installation modes of 0.15, 1.30 and 2.00 m. The results showed that the antenna of 1.30 m provided better accuracy for all measures (% difference range from −0.94 to 1.17%) followed by the antenna of 2.00 m (% difference range from −2.50 to 2.15%), with the antenna of 0.15 m providing the worst accuracy level (% difference range from −1.05 to 3.28%). Overall, the measurements of distance metrics showed greater accuracy than area metrics (distance % difference range from −0.85 to 2.81% and area % difference range from −2.50 to 3.28). In conclusion, the height of the antennae in basketball courts should be similar to the height at which the devices are attached to a player’s upper back. However, as the precision is sensitive to the magnitude of the measure, further studies should assess the effects of the relative height of antennae in team sports with greater playing spaces.

scholarly journals Review of Ultra-Wide Band in Team Sports

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
Markel Rico-González
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Electronic Performance

The use of valid, accurate and reliable systems is fundamental to warrant a high-quality data collection and interpretation. In 2015, FIFA created a department of Electronic Performance and Tracking systems, collecting under this name the more used tracking systems in team sport setting: high-definition cameras, Global Positioning Systems, and Local Positioning Systems. To date, LPS systems proved to be valid and accurate in determining the position and estimating distances and speeds. However, it is hypothesized that between LPS, ultra-wide band (UWB) is the most promising technology for the future. Thus, this chapter was aimed to make an update about UWB technology in sport: the FIFA’s regulation, manufacturer that provide this technology, the research articles that assessed validity and reliability of UWB technology, and the criteria standard for the use of this technology.

Chaotic Synchronization in Ultra-Wide-Band Communication and Positioning Systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Chedjou ◽  
K. Kyamakya ◽  
W. Mathis ◽  
I. Moussa ◽  
A. Fomethe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Analog Simulation ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Coupling Parameters ◽  
Very High Frequencies ◽  
Very High

This paper investigates synchronization transitions in a system of coupled Rössler type nonidentical self-sustained chaotic oscillators. The interest in Rössler oscillators is due to their chaotic behavior at very high frequencies. Both phase synchronization and lag synchronization are analyzed numerically considering coupling parameters. It is shown that both types of synchronization can be achieved by monitoring the coupling parameters. The advantage of using one parameter to ensure both types of synchronization is found in practice. Another advantage of monitoring only one resistor is found in the accuracy of results. One resistor is used to predict the boundaries of the control resistor for the occurrence of each type of synchronization. An experimental study of the synchronization is carried out in this paper. An appropriate electronic circuit describing the coupled oscillators is designed and realized. Experimental wave forms in the drive and response systems are obtained and their comparison done to confirm the achievement of synchronization. The analog simulation is advantageous to analyze the behavior of the coupled system at very high frequencies at appropriate time scaling and offers the possibility of using our coupled system for ultra-wide-band applications.

scholarly journals Self-Weighted Multilateration for Indoor Positioning Systems

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Alberto Fornaser ◽  
Luca Maule ◽  
Alessandro Luchetti ◽  
Paolo Bosetti ◽  
Mariolino De Cecco
Keyword(s):  
Wide Band ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ultrasound Propagation ◽  
Measurement Repeatability

The paper proposes an improved method for calculating the position of a movable tag whose distance to a (redundant) set of fixed beacons is measured by some suitable physical principle (typically ultra wide band or ultrasound propagation). The method is based on the multilateration technique, where the contribution of each individual beacon is weighed on the basis of a recurring, self-supported calibration of the measurement repeatability of each beacon at a given distance range. The work outlines the method and its implementation, and shows the improvement in measurement quality with respect to the results of a commercial Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) system when tested on the same set of raw beacon-to-tag distances. Two versions of the algorithm are proposed: one-dimensional, or isotropic, and 3D. With respect to the standard approach, the isotropic solution managed to reduce the maximum localization error by around 25%, with a maximum error of 0.60 m, while the 3D version manages to improve even further the localization accuracy, with a maximum error of 0.45 m.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Inter-Unit Reliability of Ultra-Wide-Band Tracking System in Indoor Exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Bastida-Castillo ◽  
Carlos Gómez-Carmona ◽  
Ernesto De la Cruz-Sánchez ◽  
Xavier Reche-Royo ◽  
Sergio Ibáñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mapping Software ◽  
Basketball Court ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of positional data and the inter-unit reliability of an ultra-wide-band (UWB) tracking system. Four well-trained males performed five courses designed for the analysis of x- and y-coordinate accuracy analysis, specifically related to the positional distance variation between the UWB data and the fixed reference lines of a basketball court. This was achieved using geographic information system (GIS) mapping software that calculated, for each interval and participant, the distance from the main axis of displacement and from the opposite side of the court each 0.5 s (x and y coordinate). The accuracy of the results was satisfactory, with a mean absolute error of all estimations for the x-position of 5.2 ± 3.1 cm and for the y-position of 5.8 ± 2.3 cm. Regarding inter-unit reliability, the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) value was high for the x-coordinate (0.65) and very high for the y-coordinate (0.85). The main findings of the study were: (i) The accuracy of UWB tracking systems can be considered suitable for practical applications in sport analyses; (ii) position estimations are very precise and acceptable for tactical analyses; (iii) the error of the position estimations does not change significantly across different courses; and (iv) the use of different devices does not significantly affect the measurement error.

scholarly journals Local positioning system for autonomous vertical take-off and landing using ultra-wide band measurement ranging system

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Niam Tamami ◽  
Bambang Sumantri ◽  
Prima Kristalina
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Local Positioning System ◽  
Outdoor Area ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Uwb Radio

An autonomous vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) must be supported with an accurate positioning system, especially for autonomous take-off, landing, and other tasks in small area. This paper presents a novel method of small local outdoor positioning system for localizing the area of dropping and landing of autonomous VTOL by utilizing the low-cost precision ultra-wide band (UWB) ranging system. We compared symmetrical single sided-two way ranging (SSS-TWR), symmetrical double sided-two way ranging (SDS-TWR), and asymmetrical double sided-two way ranging (ADS-TWR) methods to get precision ranging measurement on UWB radio module. ADS-TWR was superior to others by resulting in minimum distance error. The ADS-TWR average error was 1.38 % (35.88 cm), SDS-TWR average error was 1.83 % (47.58 cm), and SSS-TWR average error was 2.73 % (70.98 cm). Furthermore, the trilateration method was utilized to obtain the local position of the autonomous VTOL. The trilateration method successfully implemented autonomous VTOL quadcopter positioning in a small local outdoor area (20 m x 30 m). Autonomous VTOL has been able to drop seven payloads in seven areas (2 m x 2 m) and landed in the home position (3 m x 3 m) successfully.

Activity Recognition using Ultra Wide Band Range-Time Scan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arijit Chowdhury ◽  
Taniya Das ◽  
Smriti Rani ◽  
Anwesha Khasnobish ◽  
Tapas Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Time Scan
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