scholarly journals Insulation Failure Quantification Based on the Energy of Digital Images Using Low-Cost Imaging Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7219
Author(s):  
Jordi-Roger Riba ◽  
Álvaro Gómez-Pau ◽  
Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Insulation Failure ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Visible Images ◽  
Imaging Sensors ◽  
The Cost

Insulation faults in high-voltage applications often generate partial discharges (PDs) accompanied by corona activity, optical radiation mainly in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible bands. Recent developments in low-cost, small-size, and high-resolution visible imaging sensors, which are also partially sensitive to the UV spectral region, are gaining attention due to their many industrial applications. This paper proposes a method for early PD detection by using digital imaging sensors, which allows the severity of insulation faults to be assessed. The electrical power dissipated by the PDs is correlated to the energy of the acquired visible images, and thus, the severity of insulation faults is determined from the energy of the corona effect. A criterion to quantify the severity of insulation faults based on the energy of the corona images is proposed. To this end, the point-to-plane gap configuration is analyzed in a low-pressure chamber, where digital image photographs of the PDs are taken and evaluated under different pressure conditions ranging from 10 to 100 kPa, which cover the typical pressure range of aeronautic applications. The use of digital imaging sensors also allows an early detection, location and quantification of the PD activity, and thus assessing the severity of insulation faults to perform predictive maintenance tasks, while enabling the cost and complexity of the instrumentation to be reduced. Although the approach proposed in this paper has been applied to detect PDs in aeronautic applications, it can be applied to many other high-voltage applications susceptible of PD occurrence.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Visual Corona under Aeronautic Pressure Conditions Using Low-Cost Imaging Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi-Roger Riba ◽  
Álvaro Gómez-Pau ◽  
Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Radio Interference ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Imaging Sensors ◽  
Imaging Sensor

Visual corona tests have been broadly applied for identifying the critical corona points of diverse high-voltage devices, although other approaches based on partial discharge or radio interference voltage measurements are also widely applied to detect corona activity. Nevertheless, these two techniques must be applied in screened laboratories, which are scarce and expensive, require sophisticated instrumentation, and typically do not allow location of the discharge points. This paper describes the detection of the visual corona and location of the critical corona points of a sphere-plane gap configurations under different pressure conditions ranging from 100 to 20 kPa, covering the pressures typically found in aeronautic environments. The corona detection is made with a low-cost CMOS imaging sensor from both the visible and ultraviolet (UV) spectrum, which allows detection of the discharge points and their locations, thus significantly reducing the complexity and costs of the instrumentation required while preserving the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurements. The approach proposed in this paper can be applied in aerospace applications to prevent the arc tracking phenomenon, which can lead to catastrophic consequences since there is not a clear protection solution, due to the low levels of leakage current involved in the pre-arc phenomenon.

Real-Time Suspicious Human Action Recognition from Surveillance Videos for Resource-Constrained Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 3790-3797
Author(s):  
I. Subha ◽  
P. Narmadha ◽  
S. Nivedha ◽  
T. Sethukarasi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Action Recognition ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Multiple Instance Learning ◽  
Surveillance Videos ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Deep Learning Model

Recent developments in computer vision are seen as a vital advancement in video surveillance. The goal of this research is to build a deep learning model that is capable of analyzing and classifying the video from running CCTV streams to detect criminal actions and identify suspects on the scene. In particular, we focus on the detection of dangerous human behaviors in surveillance videos. This work provides a low cost embedded solution that can be integrated with the existing CCTV cameras. This integration can reduce the cost of transmitting the data to any centralized server, which may have various privacy implications and takes much inference time. We also benchmark our models performance with the existing real-world dataset in terms of accuracy and resource constraints. Using the concept of Multiple Instance Learning on the histogram of the optical flow of the videos combined with the pose estimation of the persons on scene, we provide a lightweight model which has 13 times lesser inference time than the existing very deep models. Focusing on one important thing, this research will expand to which state-of-the-art deep neural networks will “see” violence in photographs and videos, and recognize criminal behavior using characteristics such as gestures, gait, and unethical behavior. This helps enforcement agencies to unravel crime cases faster and also to scale back crimes by identifying the suspects in the surveillance videos.

A Novel Process for Lowering the Cost of Titanium

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorgees Adam ◽  
De Liang Zhang ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
I. Macrae
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Aluminum Iron ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University

Titanium and titanium alloys are the materials of choice for many industrial applications because of their attractive combination of low density, good mechanical properties, and high corrosion resistance, and titanium is the fourth most abundant metal in the earth crust (0.86 % by weight) behind aluminum, iron, and magnesium. However, titanium and titanium alloys are not widely. The reason for this is the high cost of titanium and titanium alloys! The cost gap for titanium and titanium alloys widens when they are used for fabricating components and structures. Consequently, much effort has been expended to reduce the cost of titanium and titanium alloys. In conjunction with the University of Waikato, Titanox Development Limited-New Zealand has been successful in creating a modified novel process to produce TiAl based alloy powders with different particle sizes and compositions at low cost. The process offers several benefits to the titanium industry the most significant one of which is that it displays the potential to significantly reduce the commercial production costs of Ti-Al based alloys. This paper describes the Titanox Development Limited technology in brief, and shows how it can economically produce titanium alloy powders for different industrial applications and making titanium alloys affordable. The process has been disclosed in a PCT (Patent Corporation Treaty) application which was approved in 2004 [1], and the related patent applications either have been approved or are being filed in different countries.

Multifunction Synchro-to-Digital Conversion on Software Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 225-226 ◽  
pp. 589-592
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Ze Gang Ye
Keyword(s):  
Software Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Digital Conversion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Military

The current Synchro-to-Digital conversion (S/DC)with high reliability, high accuracy and widely used in the military field, but it has high cost and low tracking speed, not suitable for high speed and low-cost industrial applications. In this work, the principle of synchro and the harmonics of the synchro output signals are investigated. Multifunction S/DC software design using FFT algorithm and IIR digital filter technology is proposed. It Integrated many functions, such as angle position, harmonics analysis and filter, it also improved measurement accuracy and speed, reduced the cost. The simulation results by Matlab show that the method is feasible.

scholarly journals Towards bionic noses

Sensor Review ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Persaud
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Nose ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review recent progress in electronic nose technologies, focusing on hybrid systems combining biological elements with physical transducers. Design/methodology/approach Electronic nose technologies are moving rapidly towards hybrid bioelectronic systems, where biological odour-recognition elements from the olfactory pathways of vertebrates and insects are being utilised to construct new “bionic noses” that can be used in industrial applications. Findings With the increased understanding of how chemical senses and the brain function in biology, an emerging field of “neuromorphic olfaction” has arisen. Research limitations/implications Important components are olfactory receptor proteins and soluble proteins found at the periphery of olfaction called odorant-binding proteins. The idea is that these proteins can be incorporated into transducers and function as biorecognition elements for volatile compounds of interest. Practical implications Major drivers are the security, environmental and medical applications, and the internet of things will be a major factor in implementing low-cost chemical sensing in networked applications for the future. Social implications Widespread take up of new technologies that are cheap will minimise the impact of environmental pollution, increase food safety and may potentially help in non-invasive screening for medical ailments. Originality/value This review brings together diverse threads of research leading to a common theme that will inform a non-expert of recent developments in the field.

Optimal Design of Asymmetric Passive and Semi-Active Dampers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Eslaminasab ◽  
S. Arzanpour ◽  
M. F. Golnaraghi
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Damping ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
The Cost

Vibration isolators are essentially used to reduce the magnitude of motion or force transmitted from a vibrating source to vibration recipient bodies. Such recipients might be a foundation, a structure, or even a human’s body. Despite all the advancement in vibration control using active and semi-active systems, passive vibration isolators are still widely used in different industrial applications because of their simplicity and low cost. In this paper we investigate an asymmetric one-degree of freedom vibration isolator. This is very important in practice, because all hydraulic dampers are asymmetric in nature. Due to the non-linearity of this system as a result of asymmetric damping, analytical methods of averaging and numerical simulation are used to analyze its frequency and time response characteristics. Optimal damping and stiffness values for the isolator are obtained by minimizing the cost functions, which are the Root Mean Square (RMS) of the acceleration transmissibility and the relative displacement transmissibility. The effect of the asymmetric damping on the optimal values in passive systems are then analyzed and used to create a design chart for the isolator parameters. In addition, the effect of asymmetry on the conventional semi-active systems is studied and the method to the optimal design of asymmetric semi-active systems is discussed.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Low-Cost Sensor Systems in Automatic Cloud-Based Indoor 3D Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias Ingman ◽  
Juho-Pekka Virtanen ◽  
Matti T. Vaaja ◽  
Hannu Hyyppä
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Indoor Spaces

The automated 3D modeling of indoor spaces is a rapidly advancing field, in which recent developments have made the modeling process more accessible to consumers by lowering the cost of instruments and offering a highly automated service for 3D model creation. We compared the performance of three low-cost sensor systems; one RGB-D camera, one low-end terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), and one panoramic camera, using a cloud-based processing service to automatically create mesh models and point clouds, evaluating the accuracy of the results against a reference point cloud from a higher-end TLS. While adequately accurate results could be obtained with all three sensor systems, the TLS performed the best both in terms of reconstructing the overall room geometry and smaller details, with the panoramic camera clearly trailing the other systems and the RGB-D offering a middle ground in terms of both cost and quality. The results demonstrate the attractiveness of fully automatic cloud-based indoor 3D modeling for low-cost sensor systems, with the latter providing better model accuracy and completeness, and with all systems offering a rapid rate of data acquisition through an easy-to-use interface.

scholarly journals New PSO Techniques for the Optimization of Economic Load Dispatch of Thermal Generated Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.16) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Nagendra Singh ◽  
Anjali Nighoskar ◽  
Ajay Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Global Solution ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Economic Load Dispatch ◽  
Power Cost ◽  
The Cost

Generation of electrical power at a thermal power plant at low cost is a great challenge. As the cost of fuel, transportation, and maintenance increased, the generation of power cost per unit also increases. Economic load dispatch analysis is one of the ways to use the all available generating units, generate the power in such a way so that demand can be fulfilled. It also helps us to maintain the different constraints. The latest PSO with strong capability of searching global solution proposed in the work. It can handle the economic load dispatch without affecting the constraints limits. The proposed new PSO has the capability to move the particles in the area of examining very fast. And evaluate the solution effectively in very short of the span. Work also extended and solved for ELD problem of the test data of 2, 3 and 6 generating unit systems using PSO, WIPSO, SOH-PSO and new PSO. The result with new PSO shows that the associated algorithm is effective and efficient compared with PSO techniques used in this work. 

Pulsed Electric Field Processing of Foods: A Review

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1088-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. JEYAMKONDAN ◽  
D. S. JAYAS ◽  
R. A. HOLLEY
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pulse Generation ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
The Cost

Use of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) for inactivation of microorganisms is one of the more promising nonthermal processing methods. Inactivation of microorganisms exposed to high-voltage PEFs is related to the electromechanical instability of the cell membrane. Electric field strength and treatment time are the two most important factors involved in PEF processing. Encouraging results are reported at the laboratory level, but scaling up to the industrial level escalates the cost of the command charging power supply and of the high-speed electrical switch. In this paper, we critically review the results of earlier experimental studies on PEFs and we suggest the future work that is required in this field. Inactivation tests in viscous foods and in liquid food containing particulates must be conducted. A successful continuous PEF processing system for industrial applications has yet to be designed. The high initial cost of setting up the PEF processing system is the major obstacle confronting those who would encourage the system's industrial application. Innovative developments in high-voltage pulse technology will reduce the cost of pulse generation and will make PEF processing competitive with thermal-processing methods.

Opportunities in Nanoengineered Surface Designs for Enhanced Condensation Heat and Mass Transfer

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Yao Ho ◽  
Kazi Fazle Rabbi ◽  
Siavash Khodakarami ◽  
Jingcheng Ma ◽  
Kalyan S. Boyina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Interfacial Transport ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Surface Durability ◽  
Scalable Nanofabrication ◽  
Metal Additive

Abstract Recent advancements in surface nanoengineering have spurred intense interests in their implementation for enhancing condensation heat transfer. When appropriately designed, nanoengineered surfaces not only lead to highly efficient transport mechanisms not achievable with conventional dropwise condensation, they also demonstrate the possibility of augmenting condensation of low surface tension fluids widely used in industry. These advantages are further enhanced by the development of highly scalable nanofabrication methods, which enable the potential transition from laboratory-scale prototypes to real-world industrial applications. In this review, we discuss the progress, opportunities, and challenges of enhancing condensation heat and mass transfer with nanoengineered surfaces. This article provides an overview of the recent developments in micro/nanoscale coating and structure fabrication techniques and performs a thorough comparison of their condensation performance, elucidating the complex interfacial transport mechanism involved. Surface structuring methods that are durable, scalable and low-cost are essential attributes for large-scale industrial implementation. Here, the methods used to improve surface durability and demonstrations of nanostructure-enhanced meter-scale condensers are presented. Limitations are discussed and the potential techniques to overcome these challenges are summarized. Given the recent development of metal additive manufacturing technology and its growing relevance in manufacturing processes, we end this review by providing our perspectives on the opportunities in enabling surface nanostructuring of metal additive manufactured materials and the potential of nanometric-millimetric co-design optimization for the development of next-generation additively manufactured condensers.

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