scholarly journals Compact N-Band Tree-Shaped Multiplexer-Based Antenna Structures for 5G/IoT Mobile Devices

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6366
Author(s):  
Amélia Ramos ◽  
Tiago Varum ◽  
João N. Matos
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Selective Feeding ◽  
Band Structures ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Low Profile

This paper presents a simple, compact and low-cost design method that allows one to obtain low-profile multi-band antennas for the overcrowded future generation networks, which are widely versatile and very heterogeneous in the K/Ka bands. The proposed antennas comprise n radiating monopoles, one for each of the desired operating frequencies, along with a frequency selective feeding network fed at a single point. This concept enables a single antenna to be shared with different radio-frequency (RF) frontends, potentially saving space. Typically, with n-band structures the biggest challenge is to make them highly efficient and here this is assured by multiplexing the frequency, and thus isolating each of the monopoles, allowing the design of scalable structures which fit the 5G applications. Based on the vision proposed here, a dual-band and a tri-band structures were built and characterized by their main parameters. Both prototypes achieved peak efficiencies around 80%, with adequate bandwidths and gains, as well as great compactness.

scholarly journals Miniaturized Broadband-Multiband Planar Monopole Antenna in Autonomous Vehicles Communication System Device

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 2715
Author(s):  
Ming-An Chung ◽  
Chih-Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Impedance Change ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Wireless Standards

The article mainly presents that a simple antenna structure with only two branches can provide the characteristics of dual-band and wide bandwidths. The recommended antenna design is composed of a clockwise spiral shape, and the design has a gradual impedance change. Thus, this antenna is ideal for applications also recommended in these wireless standards, including 5G, B5G, 4G, V2X, ISM band of WLAN, Bluetooth, WiFI 6 band, WiMAX, and Sirius/XM Radio for in-vehicle infotainment systems. The proposed antenna with a dimension of 10 × 5 mm is simple and easy to make and has a lot of copy production. The operating frequency is covered with a dual-band from 2000 to 2742 MHz and from 4062 to beyond 8000 MHz and, it is also demonstrated that the measured performance results of return loss, radiation, and gain are in good agreement with simulations. The radiation efficiency can reach 91% and 93% at the lower and higher bands. Moreover, the antenna gain can achieve 2.7 and 6.75 dBi at the lower and higher bands, respectively. This antenna design has a low profile, low cost, and small size features that may be implemented in autonomous vehicles and mobile IoT communication system devices.

scholarly journals A Robust GNSS/PDR Integration Scheme with GRU-Based Zero-Velocity Detection for Mass-Pedestrians

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Dongpeng Xie ◽  
Jinguang Jiang ◽  
Jiaji Wu ◽  
Peihui Yan ◽  
Yanan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Dead Reckoning ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Zero Velocity ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Aiming at the problem of high-precision positioning of mass-pedestrians with low-cost sensors, a robust single-antenna Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) integration scheme is proposed with Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU)-based zero-velocity detector. Based on the foot-mounted pedestrian navigation system, the error state extended Kalman filter (EKF) framework is used to fuse GNSS position, zero-velocity state, barometer elevation, and other information. The main algorithms include improved carrier phase smoothing pseudo-range GNSS single-point positioning, GRU-based zero-velocity detection, and adaptive fusion algorithm of GNSS and PDR. Finally, the scheme was tested. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the horizontal error in the open and complex environments is lower than 1 m and 1.5 m respectively. In the indoor elevation experiment where the elevation difference of upstairs and downstairs exceeds 25 m, the elevation error is lower than 1 m. This result can provide technical reference for the accurate and continuous acquisition of public pedestrian location information.

Novel Application-Specific LED Packages Integrated With Compact Freeform Lens

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Zongyuan Liu ◽  
Xiaobing Luo ◽  
Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Led Array ◽  
Application Specific ◽  
Freeform Lens

It has been widely accepted that solid state lighting, in terms of white light emitting diodes (LEDs), will be the fourth illumination sources due to their superior performance. In this study, an effective compact freeform lens design method for LED packaging was introduced. A compact silicone LED packaging lens with the refract index of 1.54 was designed for street lighting based on this method. Integrated with this small lens, a novel application-specific LED package, whose manufacturing process can be easily integrated into current LED packaging processes, was suggested. Two application-specific LED array modules, with the type of chip on board (CoB) package, were also designed by integrating 3×3 freeform silicone and polycarbonate (PC) lens arrays. Numerical simulation results demonstrated that the optical performances of these application-specific LED modules could directly meet the requirements of street lighting. By comparing with the traditional LED illumination module consisting of an LED and secondary optics, the novel application-specific LED packages have the advantages of low profile, small volume, high light output efficiency (LOE), low cost and convenience for customers to use, and they will probably become the trend of LED packages, providing more cost-effective solution to general lighting.

scholarly journals Design of Low-Profile Single- and Dual-Band Antennas for IoT Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 2766
Author(s):  
Wazie M. Abdulkawi ◽  
Abdel Fattah A. Sheta ◽  
Ibrahim Elshafiey ◽  
Majeed A. Alkanhal
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antennas ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Dual Band Antennas

This paper presents novel low-cost single- and dual-band microstrip patch antennas. The proposed antennas are realized on a square microstrip patch etched symmetrically with four slots. The antenna is designed to have low cost and reduced size to use in Internet of things (IoT) applications. The antennas provide a reconfigurable architecture that allows operation in different wireless communication bands. The proposed structure can be adjusted to operate either in single band or in dual-band operation. Two prototypes are implemented and evaluated. The first structure works at a single resonance frequency (f1 = 2.4 GHz); however, the second configuration works at two resonance frequencies (f1 = 2.4 GHz and f2 = 2.8 GHz) within the same size. These antennas use a low-cost FR-4 dielectric substrate. The 2.4 GHz is allotted for the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, and the 2.8 GHz is allocated to verify the concept and can be adjusted to meet the user’s requirements. The measurement of the fabricated antennas closely matches the simulated results.

scholarly journals A New Design of a CPW-Fed Dual-Band Monopole Antenna for RFID Readers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1040
Author(s):  
Ahmed El Hamraoui ◽  
EL Hassane Abdelmounim ◽  
Jamal Zbitou ◽  
Hamid Bennis ◽  
Mohamed Latrach
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Coplanar Waveguide ◽  
Monopole Antenna ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Rfid Readers

<p>This paper comes with a new dual-band planar monopole antenna fed by Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) line designed for RFID readers and it operates at 2.45 GHz, 5.80 GHz. This antenna is designed with reasonable gain, low profile and low cost production. The designed antenna based on theoretical equations is simulated and validated by using ADS from Agilent technologies and CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic solvers. A parametric study of the proposed antenna has been carried out by optimizing some critical parameters. The antenna has a total area of 35×38 mm2 and mounted on an FR4 substrate with dielectric permittivity constant 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent 0.025. The comparison between simulation and measurement results permits to validate the final achieved antenna structure in the desired RFID frequencies bands. Details of the proposed antenna design and both simulated and experimental results are described and discussed</p>

The Design of Dual Band Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for Civilian GPS Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 1967-1971
Author(s):  
Guo Xing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
High Frequency Structure Simulator ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antennas ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Compact Size

Antenna is all important part of GPS receivers，there is a great need for the design and production of new antennas which are fully compatible with modernized signals. Because of their advantages such as low cost, compact size, low profile，ability to support dual-frequency and circular polarization operation, microstrip patch antennas have become widely used in GPS antenna designs. A circular polarization patch antennas are proposed in the paper. The antenna designed to operate at L1(1575.42MHz) and L5(1176.45MHz)frequency bands. Initially, a comer-truncated patch antenna for GPS L1 operation was designed to validate simulation in Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator(HFSS), the results obtained for this antenna were used to design the two proposed antennas,and designed antennas are presented．

scholarly journals Compact Dual-Band Tapered Open-Ended Slot-Loop Antenna For Energy Harvesting Systems

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mansour ◽  
Kamel Sultan ◽  
Haruichi Kanaya
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Planar Antenna ◽  
Ism Band ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Lower Frequency Band ◽  
Small Footprint ◽  
Incremental Increase

In this study, a compact dual-band combined loop-slot planar antenna is proposed. (1) Background: multi-function antennas are desired for wireless communication to cover the desired frequency spectrum. (2) Methods: the proposed antenna consists of a semi-rectangular open-ended loop (OEL) operating at the lower frequency band 920 MHz, an open-ended slot (OES) transmission line that provides resonance at the higher band 2.4 GHz, and a feeding port using the asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS) line. The ACS is used to excite the antenna to achieve dual-band performance. The overall dimensions of the fabricated prototype are 32.5 × 53.5 mm2 (0.1λo×0.16λo), where λo represents the free-space wavelength at the lower frequency. (3) Results: from the calculations, the antenna shows two impedance bandwidths (estimated at −10dB) of 30 MHz (920–950 MHz) and 300 MHz (2.2–2.5 GHz) to cover the ISM band (920 MHz) and 2.45 GHz WiFi bands, respectively. Indeed, the antenna has stable radiation patterns and achieves peak measured realized gain of 1.8 dBi in the lower band and 4.2 dBi in the higher band. (4) Conclusion: the antenna shows the merits of low profile structure, single-layer, and low-cost fabrication. The proposed antenna not only achieves incremental increase in radiation efficiency, but also provides a lightweight, and small footprint.

Hidden Antennas for Vehicle Telematics Systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-344
Author(s):  
Professor Richard Langley
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coplanar Waveguide ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Mobile Vehicle ◽  
Telephone System ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Innermost Layer ◽  
Operation Results

This paper describes three different antenna systems for mobile vehicle applications. The antennas are either patches or derivatives in all cases. The first is a dual-band telephone antenna with a low profile and wide bandwidth. Operating at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz, with a VSWR of better than 1·7, it is a hybrid construction combining a monopole with a top-loading patch shorted to the ground-plane. Extra-shorted pins provide the upper frequency band coverage. It provides monopole radiation characteristics and can be hidden under a plastic panel or mounted on the vehicle roof. The second is a microstrip patch antenna integrated into a laminated glass windscreen for a vehicle. It is fed using a coplanar waveguide feed printed on the innermost layer of the glass, avoiding the need for a contacting feed within the laminate. The patch and ground plane are meshed for manufacturing in the glass to avoid distorting the heat profile when the glass is shaped and laminated. The patch is easily fed from inside the vehicle and is potentially a very low cost design. The final antenna discussed is a dual-band patch antenna specifically designed for the Globalstar satellite telephone system at 1·6 GHz and 2·45 GHz. It also covers the Iridium band at 1·6 GHz. A single circularly polarised patch is used. Dual-band operation results from truncating the corners of the square patch and judiciously placed slots to achieve a band spacing of 1·5.

A Novel Pentagonal Shaped Planar Inverted-F Antenna for Defense Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Purnima Sharma ◽  
Akshi Kotecha ◽  
Rama Choudhary ◽  
Partha Pratim Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Radio Frequency Field ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
High Frequency Structure Simulator ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Radar Satellite ◽  
5 Ghz

Background: The Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) is most widely used for wireless communication applications due to its unique properties as low Specific Absorption Rate, low profile geometry and easy fabrication. In literature a number of multiband PIFA designs are available that support various wireless applications in mobile communication, satellite communication and radio frequency field. Methods: In this paper, a miniature sized planar inverted-F antenna has been proposed for dual-band operation. The antenna consists of an asymmetrical pentagonal shaped patch over an FR4 substrate. The overall antenna dimension is 10 × 10 × 3 mm3 and resonates at 5.7 GHz frequency. A modification is done in the patch structure by introducing an asymmetrical pentagon slot. Results: The proposed pentagonal antenna resonates at 5.7 GHz frequency. Further, modified antenna resonates at two bands. The lower band resonates at 5 GHz and having a bandwidth of 1.5 GHz. This band corresponds to C-band, which is suitable for satellite communication. The upper band is at 7.9 GHz with a bandwidth of 500 MHz. Performance parameters such as return loss, VSWR, input impedance and radiation pattern are obtained and analysed using ANSYS High- Frequency Structure Simulator. The radiation patterns obtained are directional, which are suitable for mobile communication. Conclusion: The antenna is compact in size and suitable for radar, satellite and vehicular communication.

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