scholarly journals Photon Counting Imaging with Low Noise and a Wide Dynamic Range for Aurora Observations

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5958
Author(s):  
Zhen-Wei Han ◽  
Ke-Fei Song ◽  
Hong-Ji Zhang ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
Ling-Ping He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Counting Rate ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Pulse Shaper ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
Aerospace Applications

The radiation intensity of observed auroras in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) band varies dramatically with location for aerospace applications, requiring a photon counting imaging apparatus with a wide dynamic range. However, combining high spatial resolution imaging with high event rates is technically challenging. We developed an FUV photon counting imaging system for aurora observation. Our system mainly consists of a microchannel plate (MCP) stack readout using a wedge strip anode (WSA) with charge induction and high-speed electronics, such as a charge sensitive amplifier (CSA) and pulse shaper. Moreover, we constructed an anode readout model and a time response model for readout circuits to investigate the counting error in high counting rate applications. This system supports global rates of 500 kilo counts, 0.610 dark counts s−1 cm−2 at an ambient temperature of 300 K and 111 µm spatial resolution at 400 kilo counts s−1 (kcps). We demonstrate an obvious photon count loss at incident intensities close to the counting capacity of the system. To preserve image quality, the response time should be improved and some noise performance may be sacrificed. Finally, we also describe the correlation between counting rate and imaging resolution, which further guides the design of space observation instruments.

Rubicon - a New Diode Array Detector System

1984 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 659-663
Author(s):  
Th. Schmidt-Kaler ◽  
R. Rudolph ◽  
H. Tüg
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
High Count ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Data Aquisition

AbstractA photon-counting system with a 512-channel parallel output digital image tube is presented. Electronics developped separately for each detector channel as well as data aquisition are optimized for low power consumption and high count rates. This detector, characterized by wide dynamic range, very low noise and high photo-metric accuracy, is especially suitable for spectrophotometry and calibrations.

scholarly journals An Approach for a Wide Dynamic Range Low-Noise Current Readout Circuit

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Sameer Sonkusale
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Current Gain ◽  
Readout Circuit ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
Noise Current ◽  
Readout Circuits ◽  
Conversion Stage ◽  
Gain Stage

Designing low-noise current readout circuits at high speed is challenging. There is a need for preamplification stages to amplify weak input currents before being processed by conventional integrator based readout. However, the high current gain preamplification stage usually limits the dynamic range. This article presents a 140 dB input dynamic range low-noise current readout circuit with a noise floor of 10 fArms/sq(Hz). The architecture uses a programmable bidirectional input current gain stage followed by an integrator-based analog-to-pulse conversion stage. The programmable current gains setting enables one to achieve higher overall input dynamic range. The readout circuit is designed and in 0.18 μm CMOS and consumes 10.3 mW power from a 1.8 V supply. The circuit has been verified using post-layout simulations.

TREMOR: A Wireless MEMS Accelerograph for Dense Arrays

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Evans ◽  
Robert H. Hamstra ◽  
Christoph Kündig ◽  
Patrick Camina ◽  
John A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Wireless Internet ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Strong Motion Network

The ability of a strong-motion network to resolve wavefields can be described on three axes: frequency, amplitude, and space. While the need for spatial resolution is apparent, for practical reasons that axis is often neglected. TREMOR is a MEMS-based accelerograph using wireless Internet to minimize lifecycle cost. TREMOR instruments can economically augment traditional ones, residing between them to improve spatial resolution. The TREMOR instrument described here has dynamic range of 96 dB between ±2 g, or 102 dB between ±4 g. It is linear to <1% of full scale (FS), with a response function effectively shaped electronically. We developed an economical, very low noise, accurate (<1%FS) temperature compensation method. Displacement is easily recovered to 10-cm accuracy at full bandwidth, and better with care. We deployed prototype instruments in Oakland, California, beginning in 1998, with 13 now at mean spacing of ∼3 km—one of the most densely instrumented urban centers in the United States. This array is among the quickest in returning (PGA, PGV, Sa) vectors to ShakeMap, ∼75 to 100 s. Some 13 events have been recorded. A ShakeMap and an example of spatial variability are shown. Extensive tests of the prototypes for a commercial instrument are described here and in a companion paper.

scholarly journals Measurement of synchrotron-radiation-excited Kossel patterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bortel ◽  
G. Faigel ◽  
M. Tegze ◽  
A. Chumakov
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Pixel Detectors ◽  
Exciting Beam

Kossel line patterns contain information on the crystalline structure, such as the magnitude and the phase of Bragg reflections. For technical reasons, most of these patterns are obtained using electron beam excitation, which leads to surface sensitivity that limits the spatial extent of the structural information. To obtain the atomic structure in bulk volumes, X-rays should be used as the excitation radiation. However, there are technical problems, such as the need for high resolution, low noise, large dynamic range, photon counting, two-dimensional pixel detectors and the small spot size of the exciting beam, which have prevented the widespread use of Kossel pattern analysis. Here, an experimental setup is described, which can be used for the measurement of Kossel patterns in a reasonable time and with high resolution to recover structural information.

Detector commissioning and development for PETRA-III

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (SRMS-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pennicard ◽  
Heinz Graafsma ◽  
Michael Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Silicon Detectors ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synchrotron Light

The new synchrotron light source PETRA-III produced its first beam last year. The extremely high brilliance of PETRA-III and the large energy range of many of its beamlines make it useful for a wide range of experiments, particularly in materials science. The detectors at PETRA-III will need to meet several requirements, such as operation across a wide dynamic range, high-speed readout and good quantum efficiency even at high photon energies. PETRA-III beamlines with lower photon energies will typically be equipped with photon-counting silicon detectors for two-dimensional detection and silicon drift detectors for spectroscopy and higher-energy beamlines will use scintillators coupled to cameras or photomultiplier tubes. Longer-term developments include ‘high-Z’ semiconductors for detecting high-energy X-rays, photon-counting readout chips with smaller pixels and higher frame rates and pixellated avalanche photodiodes for time-resolved experiments.

A Low-Noise, Low-Power, Wide Dynamic Range Logarithmic Amplifier for Biomedical Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwadee Sundarasaradula ◽  
Apinunt Thanachayanont
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
Dc Offset ◽  
Limiting Amplifier ◽  
Logarithmic Amplifier

This paper presents the design and realization of a low-noise, low-power, wide dynamic range CMOS logarithmic amplifier for biomedical applications. The proposed amplifier is based on the true piecewise linear function by using progressive-compression parallel-summation architecture. A DC offset cancellation feedback loop is used to prevent output saturation and deteriorated input sensitivity from inherent DC offset voltages. The proposed logarithmic amplifier was designed and fabricated in a standard 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS technology. The prototype chip includes six limiting amplifier stages and an on-chip bias generator, occupying a die area of 0.027[Formula: see text]mm2. The overall circuit consumes 9.75[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W from a single 1.5[Formula: see text]V power supply voltage. Measured results showed that the prototype logarithmic amplifier exhibited an 80[Formula: see text]dB input dynamic range (from 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V to 100[Formula: see text]mV), a bandwidth of 4[Formula: see text]Hz–10[Formula: see text]kHz, and a total input-referred noise of 5.52[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V.

A low-noise wide-dynamic-range event-driven detector using SOI pixel technology for high-energy particle imaging

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumeet Shrestha ◽  
Hiroki Kamehama ◽  
Shoji Kawahito ◽  
Keita Yasutomi ◽  
Keiichiro Kagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Energy Particle ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Particle Imaging

scholarly journals Monolithic CMOS sensor platform featuring an array of 9’216 carbon-nanotube-sensor elements and low-noise, wide-bandwidth and wide-dynamic-range readout circuitry

2019 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dudina ◽  
Florent Seichepine ◽  
Yihui Chen ◽  
Alexander Stettler ◽  
Andreas Hierlemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
Wide Bandwidth ◽  
Sensor Platform ◽  
Cmos Sensor
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