scholarly journals Weber Texture Local Descriptor for Identification of Group-Housed Pigs

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4649
Author(s):  
Weijia Huang ◽  
Weixing Zhu ◽  
Changhua Ma ◽  
Yizheng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Process Management ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Side View ◽  
Skin Texture ◽  
Local Descriptor ◽  
Directional Information ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Feature Dimension ◽  
Differential Excitation

The individual identification of group-housed pigs plays an important role in breeding process management and individual behavior analysis. Recently, livestock identification methods based on the side view or face image have strict requirements on the position and posture of livestock, which poses a challenge for the application of the monitoring scene of group-housed pigs. To address the issue above, a Weber texture local descriptor (WTLD) is proposed for the identification of group-housed pigs by extracting the local features of back hair, skin texture, spots, and so on. By calculating the differential excitation and multi-directional information of pixels, the local structure features of the main direction are fused to enhance the description ability of features. The experimental results show that the proposed WTLD achieves higher recognition rates with a lower feature dimension. This method can identify pig individuals with different positions and postures in the pig house. Without limitations on pig movement, this method can facilitate the identification of individual pigs with greater convenience and universality.

Face Recognition

2011 ◽  
pp. 163-254
Author(s):  
Daijin Kim ◽  
Jaewon Sung
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Personal Security ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Biometric Features

In the modern life, the need for personal security and access control is becoming an important issue. Biometrics is the technology which is expected to replace traditional authentication methods that are easily stolen, forgotten and duplicated. Fingerprints, face, iris, and voiceprints are commonly used biometric features. Among these features, face provides a more direct, friendly and convenient identification method and is more acceptable compared with the individual identification methods of other biometrics features. Thus, face recognition is one of the most important parts in biometrics.

Individual Uniqueness in the Neonatal Functional Connectome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiushi Wang ◽  
Yuehua Xu ◽  
Tengda Zhao ◽  
Zhilei Xu ◽  
Yong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Functional Connectome ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Identification Analysis ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The functional connectome is highly distinctive in adults and adolescents, underlying individual differences in cognition and behavior. However, it remains unknown whether the individual uniqueness of the functional connectome is present in neonates, who are far from mature. Here, we utilized the multiband resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 40 healthy neonates from the Developing Human Connectome Project and a split-half analysis approach to characterize the uniqueness of the functional connectome in the neonatal brain. Through functional connectome-based individual identification analysis, we found that all the neonates were correctly identified, with the most discriminative regions predominantly confined to the higher-order cortices (e.g., prefrontal and parietal regions). The connectivities with the highest contributions to individual uniqueness were primarily located between different functional systems, and the short- (0–30 mm) and middle-range (30–60 mm) connectivities were more distinctive than the long-range (>60 mm) connectivities. Interestingly, we found that functional data with a scanning length longer than 3.5 min were able to capture the individual uniqueness in the functional connectome. Our results highlight that individual uniqueness is present in the functional connectome of neonates and provide insights into the brain mechanisms underlying individual differences in cognition and behavior later in life.

Antiphonal exchanges in African elephants (Loxodonta africana): collective response to a shared stimulus, social facilitation, or true communicative event?

Behaviour ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Savage ◽  
Joseph Soltis ◽  
Katherine Leighty ◽  
Kirsten Leong
Keyword(s):  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Vocal Response ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
The Individual ◽  
External Stimuli

AbstractFemale African elephants are thought to exchange 'rumble' vocalizations, but such temporally associated calls may not constitute communicative events. Affiliated females are more likely to engage in antiphonal calling, but affiliation is defined according to time spent in proximity. Affiliated partners may vocalize in sequence simply because their proximity causes them to collectively respond to shared external stimuli or due to a social facilitation effect. We used bi-variate and partial correlation analyses to test for the independent effects of the strength of the social relationship and distance between vocal partners on the likelihood of a vocal response. Female African elephants at Disney's Animal Kingdom were video-taped and outfitted with audio-recording collars that allowed for the individual identification of low-frequency rumbles. Affiliation had a strong influence on response likelihood, even after controlling for the effects of the distance between vocalizing partners. Further, the distance between vocalizing partners did not correlate with response likelihood, and factoring out the effects of affiliation did not significantly alter this result. These results suggest that rumble exchanges are communicative events that reflect social bonds, not simply artifacts of increased proximity and, therefore, provide support for functional hypotheses concerning rumble exchanges in wild African elephants.

Individual identification patterns as a monitoring strategy for American crocodiles: Tayrona National Natural Park as a study case

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Balaguera-Reina ◽  
Catalina Pinzón-Barrera ◽  
Nidia Farfán-Ardila ◽  
David Vargas-Ortega ◽  
Llewellyn D. Densmore
Keyword(s):  
Individual Identification ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
American Crocodile ◽  
Dorsal Area ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Conservation Plans ◽  
Analysis Quality ◽  
Population Numbers

Abstract Population numbers of the American crocodile in Colombia have shown an increasing trend during the last decades. However, the lack of monitoring programs has restricted our understanding about this species’ ecology, limiting the ability to develop sound conservation plans. We assessed the effectiveness and robustness of the Individual Identification Pattern Recognition (IIPR) method for remotely monitoring American crocodile populations based on photographs taken by researchers, tourists, locals, and employees at the Tayrona National Natural Park (TNNP). We catalogued a total of 97 events from 2008 to 2020; 34.02% of which were suitable to analyze using IIPR. We identified eight individuals across 33 events that required only 4.71 ± 1.70 transverse scute lines to obtain complete identification, with the lowest levels of variation in the post occipital and nuchal regions compared with the dorsal area. The probabilities of repeating both the most and least common patterns found in the TNNP were 1.88 × 10−6 and 1.81 × 10−12, respectively, and the probabilities of repeating the same pattern of each individual identified ranged between 48.73 × 10−11 and 15.24 × 10−8. Animals B and C were continuously identified between 2012 and 2020 along the Arrecife beach coastline, whereas animals A, H, E, and F were occasionally registered between 2008 and 2019 at the Cañaveral beach. Overall, the IIPR method looks as a promising tool for monitoring American crocodile populations in the TNNP albeit some improvements in data collection that must be done to increase the number of useful events and analysis quality.

Variation in highly repetitive DNA composition of heterochromatin in rye studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cuadrado ◽  
N. Jouve ◽  
C. Ceoloni
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Highly Repetitive Dna ◽  
The Individual

The molecular characterization of heterochromatin in six lines of rye has been performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The highly repetitive rye DNA sequences pSc 119.2, pSc74, and pSc34, and the probes pTa71 and pSc794 containing the 25S–5.8S–18S rDNA (NOR) and the 5S rDNA multigene families, respectively, were used. This allowed the individual identification of all seven rye chromosomes and most chromosome arms in all lines. All varieties showed similar but not identical patterns. A standard in situ hybridization map was constructed following the nomenclature system recommended for C-bands. All FISH sites observed appeared to correspond well with C-band locations, but not all C-banding sites coincided with hybridization sites of the repetitive DNA probes used. Quantitative and qualitative differences between different varieties were found for in situ hybridization response at corresponding sites. Variation between plants and even between homologous chromosomes of the same plant was found in open-pollinated lines. In inbred lines, the in situ pattern of the homologues was practically identical and no variation between plants was detected. The observed quantitative and qualitative differences are consistent with a corresponding variation for C-bands detected both within and between cultivars.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridization, repetitive DNA, rye, Secale cereale, polymorphism.

scholarly journals Monitoring the use of road-crossing structures by arboreal marsupials: insights gained from motion-triggered cameras and passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Soanes ◽  
Peter A. Vesk ◽  
Rodney van der Ree
Keyword(s):  
Individual Identification ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Crossing Structures ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Arboreal Marsupials ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wildlife Crossing Structures

Context Wildlife crossing structures are installed to mitigate the impacts of roads on animal populations, yet little is known about some aspects of their success. Many studies have monitored the use of structures by wildlife, but studies that also incorporate individual identification methods can offer additional insights into their effectiveness. Aims We monitored the use of wildlife crossing structures by arboreal marsupials along the Hume Freeway in south-eastern Australia to (1) determine the species using these structures and their frequency of crossing, (2) determine the number and demographic characteristics of individuals crossing, and (3) use the rate of crossing by individuals to infer the types of movement that occurred. Methods We used motion-triggered cameras to monitor five canopy bridges and 15 glider pole arrays installed at 13 sites along the Hume Freeway. The five canopy bridges were also monitored with passive integrated transponder (PIT)-tag readers to identify the rate of use by individuals. Key results Five species of arboreal marsupial were detected using canopy bridges and glider poles at 11 sites. Our analysis suggested that increasing the number and the distance between poles in a glider pole array reduced the rate of use by squirrel gliders. The PIT tag and camera footage revealed that the structures were used by adult males, adult females and juveniles, suggesting that all demographic groups are capable of using canopy bridges and glider poles. At two canopy bridges, multiple squirrel gliders and common brushtail possums crossed more than once per night. Conclusions Given that previous studies have shown that the freeway is a barrier to movement, and that many of the species detected crossing are subject to road mortality, we conclude that canopy bridges and glider poles benefit arboreal marsupials by providing safe access to resources that would otherwise be inaccessible. Implications Although the factors influencing crossing rate require further study, our analysis suggests that glider pole arrays with fewer poles placed closer together are likely to be more successful for squirrel gliders. The individual identification methods applied here offer insights that are not possible from measuring the rate of use alone and should be adopted in future monitoring studies.

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of structural components and management mechanisms of sports training in swimming

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
Mikhail Alexandrovich Vershinin ◽  
Elizaveta Yurievna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Individual

The following paper deals with essential characteristics of various sides and components of sports training in swimming on the basis of a retrospective analysis of scientific and methodical literature. The authors describe a number of interrelated elements that provide a swimmers training mechanism and investigate the key components that reveal the content of sports training process of swimmers: training process planning; training process monitoring, athletes state of health; monitoring data analysis and synthesis and timely adjustments application in planning. The authors think that it is important to adjust parameters of training load during training sessions, taking into account the individual capabilities of swimmers and determining the choice of the most effective tools and methods. Specialized literature data study made the authors conclude that the design management of sports training begins with a comprehensive analysis of chosen sport current state and existing development trends evaluation in the context of specific sports activity conditions. As a result the authors note that the functioning scheme of sports training management structural components in swimming involves cyclical process management and forecasting mechanisms on the basis of timely adjustments of specific objectives and systems and correction of athletes dynamically changing potential.

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