scholarly journals Application of Raman Spectroscopy to Working Gas Sensors: From in situ to operando Studies

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elger ◽  
Hess
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensors ◽  
Operando Studies

Understanding the mode of operation of gas sensors is of great scientific and economic interest. A knowledge-based approach requires the development and application of spectroscopic tools to monitor the relevant surface and bulk processes under working conditions (operando approach). In this review we trace the development of vibrational Raman spectroscopy applied to metal-oxide gas sensors, starting from initial applications to very recent operando spectroscopic approaches. We highlight the potential of Raman spectroscopy for molecular-level characterization of metal-oxide gas sensors to reveal important mechanistic information, as well as its versatility regarding the design of in situ/operando cells and the combination with other techniques. We conclude with an outlook on potential future developments.

scholarly journals Shining Light on Indium Oxide Gas Sensors at Work: A Combined Operando Raman/UV-Vis/FT-IR Spectroscopic Study

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Berka ◽  
Viktoriya Fleischer ◽  
Christian Hess
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Indium Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensors ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

Understanding the mode of operation of metal-oxide gas sensors (e.g., SnO2, In2O3) is of great scientific and economic interest. [...]

scholarly journals Characterization of metal oxide gas sensors via optical techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 412 (19) ◽  
pp. 4575-4584
Author(s):  
Johannes Glöckler ◽  
Carsten Jaeschke ◽  
Erhan Tütüncü ◽  
Vjekoslav Kokoric ◽  
Yusuf Kocaöz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Optical Techniques ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensors

scholarly journals In-Situ Temperature Measurement on CMOS Integrated Micro-Hotplates for Gas Sensing Devices

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Deluca ◽  
Robert Wimmer-Teubenbacher ◽  
Lisa Mitterhuber ◽  
Johanna Mader ◽  
Karl Rohracher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
In Operando ◽  
Spatial Temperature

Metal oxide gas sensors generally need to be operated at elevated temperatures, up to and above 400 °C. Following the need for miniaturization of gas sensors and implementation into smart devices such as smartphones or wireless sensor nodes, recently complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process-based micro electromechanical system (MEMS) platforms (micro-hotplates, µhps) have been developed to provide Joule heating of metal oxide sensing structures on the microscale. Heating precision and possible spatial temperature distributions over the µhp are key issues potentially affecting the performance of the overall gas sensor device. In this work, we use Raman spectroscopy to directly (in-situ and in-operando) measure the temperature of CMOS-based µhps during the application of electric current for Joule heating. By monitoring the position of the Raman mode of silicon and applying the theoretical framework of anharmonic phonon softening, we demonstrate that state-of-the-art µhps are able to reach the set temperature with an error below 10%, albeit with significant spatial temperature variations on the hotplate. This work demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy for in-situ and in-operando temperature measurements on Si-based devices, an aspect of high relevance for micro- and nano-electronic device producers, opening new possibilities in process and device control.

scholarly journals Organic Membranes for Selectivity Enhancement of Metal Oxide Gas Sensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Graunke ◽  
Katrin Schmitt ◽  
Jürgen Wöllenstein
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensors

We present the characterization of organic polyolefin and thermoplastic membranes for the enhancement of the selectivity of metal oxide (MOX) gas sensors. The experimental study is done based on theoretical considerations of the membrane characteristics. Through a broad screening of dense symmetric homo- and copolymers with different functional groups, the intrinsic properties such as the mobility or the transport of gases through the matrix were examined in detail. A subset of application-relevant gases was chosen for the experimental part of the study: H2, CH4, CO, CO2, NO2, ethanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, and water vapor. The gases have similar kinetic diameters and are therefore difficult to separate but have different functional groups and polarity. The concentration of the gases was based on the international indicative limit values (TWA, STEL). From the results, a simple relationship was to be found to estimate the permeability of various polar and nonpolar gases through gas permeation (GP) membranes. We used a broadband metal oxide gas sensor with a sensitive layer made of tin oxide with palladium catalyst (SnO2:Pd). Our aim was to develop a low-cost symmetrical dense polymer membrane to selectively detect gases with a MOX sensor.

scholarly journals Physical-Based Characterization of Noise Responses in Metal-Oxide Gas Sensors

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 980-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Contaret ◽  
Jean-Luc Seguin ◽  
Philippe Menini ◽  
Khalifa Aguir
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensors

scholarly journals Sensitive and Low-Power Metal Oxide Gas Sensors with a Low-Cost Microelectromechanical Heater

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Chen ◽  
Mingjie Li ◽  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
Xin Zhuang ◽  
Kar Wei Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensors

Characterization of Redox States of Nickel Hydroxide Film Electrodes by In Situ Surface Raman Spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Desilvestro ◽  
Dennis A. Corrigan ◽  
Michael J. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Nickel Hydroxide ◽  
Redox States ◽  
Hydroxide Film

In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy Tip-Induced Deformations and Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Nano Letters ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 4110-4116 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Araujo ◽  
N. M. Barbosa Neto ◽  
H. Chacham ◽  
S. S. Carara ◽  
J. S. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Single Wall Carbon ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force
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