scholarly journals Resonance-Based Microwave Technique for Body Implant Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 4828
Author(s):  
Giselle González-López ◽  
Lluis Jofre Roca ◽  
Susana Amorós García de Valdecasas ◽  
Oriol Rodríguez-Leor ◽  
Carolina Gálvez-Montón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Coronary Stents ◽  
Microwave Technique ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Clinical Experiment ◽  
Implanted Device

There is an increasing need for safe and simple techniques for sensing devices and prostheses implanted inside the human body. Microwave wireless inspection may be an appropriate technique for it. The implanted device may have specific characteristics that allow to distinguish it from its environment. A new sensing technique based on the principle of differential resonance is proposed and its basic parameters are discussed. This technique allows to use the implant as a signal scattering device and to detect changes produced in the implant based on the corresponding change in its scattering signature. The technique is first tested with a canonic human phantom and then applied to a real in vivo clinical experiment to detect coronary stents implanted in swine animals.

scholarly journals Niobium Carbide Loaded by Macrophage for Targeted Phototherapy Ablation of Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Da Pieve ◽  
Gabriela Kramer Marek ◽  
Jolanta Saczko ◽  
Anant Shah ◽  
Florian Raes
Keyword(s):  
Animal Study ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Niobium Carbide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Photodynamic Effect

ABSTRACTAltough nanomaterial-mediated phototherapy has been extensively studied, the major antitumor success is limited to treating subcutaneous tumor on nude, lacking of clinically-relevant big animal study. Therefore, it is urgent to make further investigation on the typical big model, which is more closely related to the human body. In this work, niobium carbide (NbC) was selected as photoactive substance in virtue of its outstanding near infrared (NIR) absorption properties and resultantly NIR-triggered hyperthemia and reactive oxygen species generation for the synergetic photothermal and photodynamic effect. Moreover, macrophage was used as bio-carrier for the targeted delivery of NbC and the phagocytosis of macrophages was proved to be able to retain the photothermal/photodynamic effect of NbC. Resultantly, macrophage loaded NbC could realize complete removal of solid tumor on both of nude mice and big animal of rabbits. Meanwhile, two-dimensional ultrasound, shave wave elastography (SWE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) have been applied for monitoring the physiological evolutions of in vivo tumor post treatment, which clearly disclosed the photoablation process of tumor and provided a new way for the surveillance of tumor on the big animal study. Hence, large animal model study in this work presented higher clinical significance than the previous studies.SignificanceFindings show that niobium carbide carried by macrophages can be used for targeted phototherapy. At the same time, we applied the rabbit tumor model which is closer to the human body microenvironment.

In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of sodium in the human body

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Ra ◽  
S. K. Hilal ◽  
C. H. Oh ◽  
I. K. Mun
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Windows on the Human Body – in Vivo High-Field Magnetic Resonance Research and Applications in Medicine and Psychology

Sensors ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 5724-5757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewald Moser ◽  
Martin Meyerspeer ◽  
Florian Ph. S. Fischmeister ◽  
Günther Grabner ◽  
Herbert Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Human Body ◽  
High Field

scholarly journals Building an experimental model of the human body with non-physiological parameters

TECHNOLOGY ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Labuz ◽  
Christopher Moraes ◽  
David R. Mertz ◽  
Brendan M. Leung ◽  
Shuichi Takayama
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Model Complex ◽  
Blood Volumes

New advances in engineering and biomedical technology have enabled recent efforts to capture essential aspects of human physiology in microscale, in-vitro systems. The application of these advances to experimentally model complex processes in an integrated platform — commonly called a ‘human-on-a-chip (HOC)’ — requires that relevant compartments and parameters be sized correctly relative to each other and to the system as a whole. Empirical observation, theoretical treatments of resource distribution systems and natural experiments can all be used to inform rational design of such a system, but technical and fundamental challenges (e.g. small system blood volumes and context-dependent cell metabolism, respectively) pose substantial, unaddressed obstacles. Here, we put forth two fundamental principles for HOC design: inducing in-vivo-like cellular metabolic rates is necessary and may be accomplished in-vitro by limiting O2 availability and that the effects of increased blood volumes on drug concentration can be mitigated through pharmacokinetics-based treatments of solute distribution. Combining these principles with natural observation and engineering workarounds, we derive a complete set of design criteria for a practically realizable, physiologically faithful, five-organ millionth-scale ([Formula: see text]) microfluidic model of the human body.

Ultrasound Imaging Characterization of Soft Tissue Dynamics of the Seated Human Body

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Yamada ◽  
Alperen Değirmenci ◽  
Robert D. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Excitation Amplitude ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Body Dynamics ◽  
Excitation Pattern

Abstract To characterize the dynamics of internal soft organs and external anatomical structures, this paper presents a system that combines medical ultrasound imaging with an optical tracker and a vertical exciter that imparts whole-body vibrations on seated subjects. The spatial and temporal accuracy of the system was validated using a phantom with calibrated internal structures, resulting in 0.224 mm maximum root-mean-square (r.m.s.) position error and 13 ms maximum synchronization error between sensors. In addition to the dynamics of the head and sternum, stomach dynamics were characterized by extracting the centroid of the stomach from the ultrasound images. The system was used to characterize the subject-specific body dynamics as well as the intrasubject variabilities caused by excitation pattern (frequency up-sweep, down-sweep, and white noise, 1–10 Hz), excitation amplitude (1 and 2 m/s2 r.m.s.), seat compliance (rigid and soft), and stomach filling (empty and 500 mL water). Human subjects experiments (n = 3) yielded preliminary results for the frequency response of the head, sternum, and stomach. The method presented here provides the first detailed in vivo characterization of internal and external human body dynamics. Tissue dynamics characterized by the system can inform design of vehicle structures and adaptive control of seat and suspension systems, as well as validate finite element models for predicting passenger comfort in the early stages of vehicle design.

scholarly journals Seeing Better and Going Deeper in Cancer Nanotheranostics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maharajan Sivasubramanian ◽  
Yao Chen Chuang ◽  
Nai-Tzu Chen ◽  
Leu-Wei Lo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Human Body ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Specific Accumulation ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Disease Specific

Biomedical imaging modalities in clinical practice have revolutionized oncology for several decades. State-of-the-art biomedical techniques allow visualizing both normal physiological and pathological architectures of the human body. The use of nanoparticles (NP) as contrast agents enabled visualization of refined contrast images with superior resolution, which assists clinicians in more accurate diagnoses and in planning appropriate therapy. These desirable features are due to the ability of NPs to carry high payloads (contrast agents or drugs), increased in vivo half-life, and disease-specific accumulation. We review the various NP-based interventions for treatments of deep-seated tumors, involving “seeing better” to precisely visualize early diagnosis and “going deeper” to activate selective therapeutics in situ.

scholarly journals Effect of denture surface glazing on denture plaque formation

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Newton Sesma ◽  
Dalva Cruz Laganá ◽  
Susana Morimoto ◽  
Carlos Gil
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Plaque ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical Experiment ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study evaluated, in vivo, the efficacy of a denture glazing material (Palaseal) in modifying plaque colonization of dentures. Ten subjects were selected and received maxillary temporary partial removable dentures, with complete acrylic palatal coverage. The right half of the fitting surface of the denture bases were glazed with Palaseal, whereas the other half was not glazed. One month after insertion, two fragments of the resin base of all dentures were removed (one from the glazed side and another from the non-glazed side). These samples were prepared and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Three months after insertion, other fragments were obtained and analyzed. Microscopic observation at 1 month revealed that, for all patients, the plaque film was thinner on the treated side in comparison to the non-treated side. However, at the 3-month evaluation, some areas of the glaze showed cracking, and both glazed and non-glazed sides were covered by a dense bacterial plaque film. In conclusion, the findings of this clinical experiment showed that glazing denture's fitting surface did not prevent bacterial colonization, but favored plaque removal while the glaze layer remained intact. After three months, glaze cracks created microretentive areas that increased plaque accumulation.

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