scholarly journals EM-Wave Biosensors: A Review of RF, Microwave, mm-Wave and Optical Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parikha Mehrotra ◽  
Baibhab Chatterjee ◽  
Shreyas Sen
Keyword(s):  
Wave Interaction ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Cancerous Cells ◽  
Permittivity Spectrum ◽  
Reflection Intensity ◽  
Rf Microwave

This article presents a broad review on optical, radio-frequency (RF), microwave (MW), millimeter wave (mmW) and terahertz (THz) biosensors. Biomatter-wave interaction modalities are considered over a wide range of frequencies and applications such as detection of cancer biomarkers, biotin, neurotransmitters and heart rate are presented in detail. By treating biological tissue as a dielectric substance, having a unique dielectric signature, it can be characterized by frequency dependent parameters such as permittivity and conductivity. By observing the unique permittivity spectrum, cancerous cells can be distinguished from healthy ones or by measuring the changes in permittivity, concentration of medically relevant biomolecules such as glucose, neurotransmitters, vitamins and proteins, ailments and abnormalities can be detected. In case of optical biosensors, any change in permittivity is transduced to a change in optical properties such as photoluminescence, interference pattern, reflection intensity and reflection angle through techniques like quantum dots, interferometry, surface enhanced raman scattering or surface plasmon resonance. Conversely, in case of RF, MW, mmW and THz biosensors, capacitive sensing is most commonly employed where changes in permittivity are reflected as changes in capacitance, through components like interdigitated electrodes, resonators and microstrip structures. In this paper, interactions of EM waves with biomatter are considered, with an emphasis on a clear demarcation of various modalities, their underlying principles and applications.

scholarly journals Optical biosensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Damborský ◽  
Juraj Švitel ◽  
Jaroslav Katrlík
Keyword(s):  
Optical Biosensor ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Reflectometric Interference Spectroscopy ◽  
Spr Imaging ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Bioanalytical Applications

Optical biosensors represent the most common type of biosensor. Here we provide a brief classification, a description of underlying principles of operation and their bioanalytical applications. The main focus is placed on the most widely used optical biosensors which are surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors including SPR imaging and localized SPR. In addition, other optical biosensor systems are described, such as evanescent wave fluorescence and bioluminescent optical fibre biosensors, as well as interferometric, ellipsometric and reflectometric interference spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering biosensors. The optical biosensors discussed here allow the sensitive and selective detection of a wide range of analytes including viruses, toxins, drugs, antibodies, tumour biomarkers and tumour cells.

scholarly journals Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Based Lateral-Flow Immunoassay

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2228
Author(s):  
Boris Khlebtsov ◽  
Nikolai Khlebtsov
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) have been developed and used in a wide range of applications, in point-of-care disease diagnoses, environmental safety, and food control. However, in its classical version, it has low sensitivity and can only perform semiquantitative detection, based on colorimetric signals. Over the past decade, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags have been developed in order to decrease the detection limit and enable the quantitative analysis of analytes. Of note, these tags needed new readout systems and signal processing algorithms, while the LFIA design remained unchanged. This review highlights SERS strategies of signal enhancement for LFIAs. The types of labels used, the possible gain in sensitivity from their use, methods of reading and processing the signal, and the prospects for use are discussed.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: A Technique of Choice for Molecular Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 143-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Raman Signal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Effective Development

Although surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has crossed its infancy long ago, it is yet to persuade different challenges to make it available in day-to-day applications. SERS is being criticized mainly due to the quality of the SERS analyses that uses substrates to get the giant enhancement for respective Raman signal of the target molecule. Hence, understanding the phenomena behind substrates, cost-effective development and optimization of such substrates for routine analytical purposes and utilization of modern modalities to get the insights out has become a very wide-spreading and interesting area of research. In this piece of work, several key terminologies related to SERS have been presented in brief. Since SERS is a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mediated signal-enhancing phenomena, it is indispensable to understand the correlation between LSPR excitations originated from substrate and SERS signal originated from molecules. A wide range of SERS-active substrates including scattered nanoaggregates, anisotropic assembly, two-dimensional nanostructure, multi-layered nanostructure of gold nanoparticles and colloidal approach have been used to interpret such correlation between LSPR excitations and SERS characteristics. Few exemplary applications of SERS have been also mentioned followed by typical simulative work how nanoobject behaves at different excitations and polarizations.

Synthesis of porous Au–Ag alloy nanorods with tunable plasmonic properties and intrinsic hotspots for surface-enhanced Raman scattering

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanlin Ke ◽  
Caixia Kan ◽  
Xingzhong Zhu ◽  
Changshun Wang ◽  
Xiu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering

The tunability of longitudinal plasmonic bands of P-AuAgNRs is realized to cover a wide range of wavelengths. P-AuAgNRs exhibit numerous internal hotspots which favor highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection.

scholarly journals Binary Surfactant–Mediated Tunable Nanotip Growth on Gold Nanoparticles and Applications in Photothermal Catalysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohu Mi ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Baobao Zhang ◽  
Min Ji ◽  
Bowen Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Au Nanoparticle ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽  
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering

Plasmonic nanostructures with sharp tips are widely used for optical signal enhancement because of their strong light-confining abilities. These structures have a wide range of potential applications, for example, in sensing, bioimaging, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Au nanoparticles, which are important plasmonic materials with high photothermal conversion efficiencies in the visible to near-infrared region, have contributed greatly to the development of photothermal catalysis. However, the existing methods for synthesizing nanostructures with tips need the assistance of poly(vinylpyrrolidone), thiols, or biomolecules. This greatly hinders signal detection because of stubborn residues. Here, we propose an efficient binary surfactant–mediated method for controlling nanotip growth on Au nanoparticle surfaces. This avoids the effects of surfactants and can be used with other Au nanostructures. The Au architecture tip growth process can be controlled well by adjusting the ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride. This is due to the different levels of attraction between Br−/Cl− and Au3+ ions. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering and catalytic abilities of the synthesized nanoparticles with tips were evaluated by electromagnetic simulation and photothermal catalysis experiments (with 4-nitrothiophenol). The results show good potential for use in surface-enhanced Raman scattering applications. This method provides a new strategy for designing plasmonic photothermal nanostructures for chemical and biological applications.

Simultaneously Intensified Plasmonic and Charge Transfer Effects in Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensors Using MXene-Blanketed Au Nanoparticles Assembly

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Soo Yoo ◽  
Jeong-Won Ho ◽  
Dong-In Shin ◽  
Minjun Kim ◽  
Sung Hwan Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasmonic Resonance ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Surface Plasmonic Resonance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ultrasensitive tool for detecting wide range of analytes. The signal amplification is generally attributed by two different mechanisms of localized surface plasmonic resonance...

scholarly journals Rapid SERS Detection of Thiol-Containing Natural Products in Culturing Complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yan Hong ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Zhuoran Jiang ◽  
Zisong Cong ◽  
Heng Song
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Multiplex Detection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Sers Detection ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Complex Culture

Thiol-containing natural products possess a wide range of bioactivities. The burst of synthetic biology technology facilitates the discovery of new thiol-containing active ingredients. Herein, we report a sensitive, quick, and robust surface-enhanced Raman scattering technology for specific and multiplex detection of thiol-containing compounds without purification requirements and also indicating the thiols with different chemical environments. Using this platform, we successfully demonstrated the simultaneous detection of thiol-containing compounds from as low as 1 μM of analytes spiked in complex culture matrices.

Raman Microprobe Analysis of Thin Films Formed on the Surface of Silver Electrical Contacts Utilizing the Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Effect

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ishida ◽  
A. Ishitani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Raman Microprobe ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering

The laser Raman microprobe has been used in combination with Auger electron spectroscopy for the investigation of thin films formed on the surface of polycrystalline silver relay contacts to illustrate the analytical application of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) phenomenon to the evaluation of industrial materials. Raman scattering of thin carbon layers on Ag evaporated films has also been examined in order to confirm the enhancement effect on the Ag surface. From the observed enhanced Raman scattering, carbon and sulfur compounds such as silver sulfate have been identified in the thin films formed on Ag contacts operated repeatedly under several kinds of controlled gas flows. These results demonstrate the possibility of a wide range of application of the SERS effect as an useful analytical method with a high surface sensitivity.

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