scholarly journals An Autonomous Solar-Powered Marine Robotic Observatory for Permanent Monitoring of Large Areas of Shallow Water

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3497 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. González-Reolid ◽  
J. Molina-Molina ◽  
A. Guerrero-González ◽  
F. Ortiz ◽  
D. Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Side Scan Sonar ◽  
Mar Menor ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Mission Simulation

Apart from their ecological value, the world’s oceans are among the planet’s most valuable resources, a rich source of food and wealth and in urgent need of protection. This article describes BUSCAMOS-RobObs, a robot-based observatory, consisting of an autonomous solar-powered marine robot with specialized sensing systems designed to carry out long-term observation missions in the inland sea of the Mar Menor in southeastern Spain. This highly specialised device is unique because it has the capacity to anchor itself to the seabed and become a “buoy”, either to take measurements at specific points or to recharge its batteries. It thus avoids drifting and possible accidents in the buoy mode, especially near the coast, and resumes monitoring tasks when the required energy levels are reached. The robot is equipped with a broad range of sensors, including side scan sonar, sub-bottom sonar, laser systems, ultrasound sonar, depth meters, a multi-parametric probe and a GPS, which can collect georeferenced oceanic data. Although various types of autonomous vehicles have been described in the literature, they all have limited autonomy (even in the long term) as regards operational time and covering the seabed. The article describes a permanent monitoring mission in the Mar Menor, with a combination of solar energy and a decision-making strategy as regards the optimum route to be followed. The energy and mission simulation results, as well as an account of actual monitoring missions are also included.

Can a Conventional Propulsion System Match the Efficiency of an Underwater Glider Buoyancy Engine?

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Christopher Hockley ◽  
Brian Butka
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Hydrodynamic Drag ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Underwater Gliders ◽  
Driven System ◽  
Forward Locomotion ◽  
Long Term Observation

AbstractAutonomous underwater gliders are a family of autonomous vehicles used for a long-range, long-term observation of oceanic environments. To do this, they leverage changes in net buoyancy and the resulting vertical motion to generate forward locomotion via hydrodynamic surfaces. To function for extended periods, these systems operate in a low-speed, low-drag regime. Conventionally propelled underwater vehicles typically operate at speeds in excess of those achievable by gliders and therefore require more energy in order to compensate for losses due to hydrodynamic drag. An interesting question arises when considering the operational efficiencies of conventionally propelled systems when they operate at speeds typical of underwater gliders. A first-principles energy-based approach to glider operations was derived and verified using real-world data. The energy usage for buoyancy-driven propulsion was compared to conventional propulsion types. The results from these calculations indicate that a conventionally propelled autonomous underwater vehicle can compete with a buoyancy-driven system given the proper propulsive efficiency.

scholarly journals SAT0137 Long-term observation of fibromyalgia patients

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Szczepanski ◽  
C Stepniak ◽  
B Targonska-Stepniak
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Observation

scholarly journals Phenotype of the Aging-Dependent Spontaneous Onset of Hearing Loss in DBA/2 Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Min-Soo Seo ◽  
Byeonghyeon Lee ◽  
Kyung-Ku Kang ◽  
Soo-Eun Sung ◽  
Joo-Hee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Spontaneous Onset

DBA/2 mice are a well-known animal model for hearing loss developed due to intrinsic properties of these animals. However, results on the phenotype of hearing loss in DBA/2 mice have been mainly reported at an early stage in mice aged ≤7 weeks. Instead, the present study evaluated the hearing ability at 5, 13, and 34 weeks of age using DBA/2korl mice. Auditory brainstem response test was performed at 8–32 KHz at 5, 13, and 34 weeks of age, and hearing loss was confirmed to be induced in a time-dependent manner. In addition, histopathological evaluation at the same age confirmed the morphological damage of the cochlea. The findings presented herein are the results of the long-term observation of the phenotype of hearing loss in DBA/2 mice and can be useful in studies related to aging-dependent hearing loss.

scholarly journals Posterior Uveal Effusion after Cataract Surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Annegret Abaza ◽  
Özlem Dikmetas ◽  
Irmingard Neuhann ◽  
Faik Gelisken
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Uveal Effusion

We report a case of posterior uveal effusion (UE) with a long-term follow-up that has occurred following cataract surgery. A 64-year-old woman presented with diminished vision of the right eye (RE) 3 weeks after an uneventful phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Complete ophthalmic examination including fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), echography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the RE was 20/50. Anterior segment and intraocular pressure were unremarkable. OCT revealed prominent folds of the choroid and retina, subretinal fluid and darkening of the choroid with reduced visibility of the choroidal vessels and the scleral border. The left eye (LE) was unremarkable. BCVA of the LE was: 20/20. After topical anti-inflammatory and systemic corticosteroid therapy for 5 months, no morphological change of the macula was seen. The patient was observed without any treatment. Forty-three months after the cataract surgery and 38 months after cessation of the corticosteroid therapy, OCT revealed a normal macular morphology and the BCVA improved to 20/25. Even though rare, UE at the posterior pole may occur after modern cataract surgery. OCT examination is a reliable tool in monitoring the macular morphology. Since morphological and functional improvement can be seen in long-term, observation may be considered for some cases of posterior UE with resistance to the therapy.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Thermal and Dynamic Vertical Structures of Summer Hourly Precipitation in Jiulong of the Tibetan Plateau

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Yonglan Tang ◽  
Guirong Xu ◽  
Rong Wan ◽  
Xiaofang Wang ◽  
Junchao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Hourly Precipitation ◽  
Air Convection ◽  
Precipitation Variation ◽  
Long Term Observation

It is an important to study atmospheric thermal and dynamic vertical structures over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and their impact on precipitation by using long-term observation at representative stations. This study exhibits the observational facts of summer precipitation variation on subdiurnal scale and its atmospheric thermal and dynamic vertical structures over the TP with hourly precipitation and intensive soundings in Jiulong during 2013–2020. It is found that precipitation amount and frequency are low in the daytime and high in the nighttime, and hourly precipitation greater than 1 mm mostly occurs at nighttime. Weak precipitation during the daytime may be caused by air advection, and strong precipitation at nighttime may be closely related with air convection. Both humidity and wind speed profiles show obvious fluctuation when precipitation occurs, and the greater the precipitation intensity, the larger the fluctuation. Moreover, the fluctuation of wind speed is small in the morning, large at noon and largest at night, presenting a similar diurnal cycle to that of convective activity over the TP, which is conductive to nighttime precipitation. Additionally, the inverse layer is accompanied by the inverse humidity layer, and wind speed presents multi-peaks distribution in its vertical structure. Both of these are closely related with the underlying surface and topography of Jiulong. More studies on physical mechanism and numerical simulation are necessary for better understanding the atmospheric phenomenon over the TP.

scholarly journals Long-term observation of electrical discharges during persistent Vulcanian activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 570 ◽  
pp. 117084
Author(s):  
Caron E.J. Vossen ◽  
Corrado Cimarelli ◽  
Alec J. Bennett ◽  
André Geisler ◽  
Damien Gaudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharges ◽  
Long Term Observation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document