scholarly journals Accelerometric Trunk Sensors to Detect Changes of Body Positions in Immobile Patients

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Rauen ◽  
Judith Schaffrath ◽  
Cauchy Pradhan ◽  
Roman Schniepp ◽  
Klaus Jahn
Keyword(s):  
Standard Care ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Position Change ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Rehabilitation Facilities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Accelerometric Sensors

Mobilization, verticalization and position change are mandatory for severely affected neurological patients in early neurorehabilitation in order to improve neurological status and prevent complications. However, with the exception of hospitals and rehabilitation facilities, this activity is not usually monitored and so far the automated monitoring of position changes in immobile patients has not been investigated. Therefore, we investigated whether accelerometers on the upper trunk could reliably detect body position changes in immobile patients. Thirty immobile patients in early neurorehabilitation (Barthel Index ≤ 30) were enrolled. Two tri-axial accelerometers were placed on the upper trunk and on the thigh. Information on the position and position changes of the subject were derived from accelerometer data and compared to standard written documentation in the hospital over 24 h. Frequency and duration of different body positions (supine, sidelying, sitting) were measured. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Groups were compared using one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis-test. Differences were considered significant if p < 0.05. Trunk sensors detected 100% and thigh sensors 66% of position changes (p = 0.0004) compared to standard care documentation. Furthermore, trunk recording also detected additional spontaneous body position changes that were not documented in standard care (81.8 ± 4.4% of all position changes were documented in standard care documentation) (p < 0.0001). We found that accelerometric trunk sensors are suitable for recording position changes and mobilization of severely affected patients. Our findings suggest that using accelerometers for care documentation is useful for monitoring position changes and mobilization frequencies in and outside of hospital for severely affected neurological patients. Accelerometric sensors may be valuable in monitoring continuation of care plans after intensive neurorehabilitation.

The Effect of Sensor Placement and Number on Physical Activity Recognition and Energy Expenditure Estimation (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Davoudi ◽  
Mamoun T. Mardini ◽  
Dave Nelson ◽  
Fahd Albinali ◽  
Sanjay Ranka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Lifestyle Activities

BACKGROUND Research shows the feasibility of human activity recognition using Wearable accelerometer devices. Different studies have used varying number and placement for data collection using the sensors. OBJECTIVE To compare accuracy performance between multiple and variable placement of accelerometer devices in categorizing the type of physical activity and corresponding energy expenditure in older adults. METHODS Participants (n=93, 72.2±7.1 yrs) completed a total of 32 activities of daily life in a laboratory setting. Activities were classified as sedentary vs. non-sedentary, locomotion vs. non-locomotion, and lifestyle vs. non-lifestyle activities (e.g. leisure walk vs. computer work). A portable metabolic unit was worn during each activity to measure metabolic equivalents (METs). Accelerometers were placed on five different body positions: wrist, hip, ankle, upper arm, and thigh. Accelerometer data from each body position and combinations of positions were used in developing Random Forest models to assess activity category recognition accuracy and MET estimation. RESULTS Model performance for both MET estimation and activity category recognition strengthened with additional accelerometer devices. However, a single accelerometer on the ankle, upper arm, hip, thigh, or wrist had only a 0.03 to 0.09 MET increase in prediction error as compared to wearing all five devices. Balanced accuracy showed similar trends with slight decreases in balanced accuracy for detection of locomotion (0-0.01 METs), sedentary (0.13-0.05 METs) and lifestyle activities (0.08-0.04 METs) compared to all five placements. The accuracy of recognizing activity categories increased with additional placements (0.15-0.29). Notably, the hip was the best single body position for MET estimation and activity category recognition. CONCLUSIONS Additional accelerometer devices only slightly enhance activity recognition accuracy and MET estimation in older adults. However, given the extra burden of wearing additional devices, single accelerometers with appropriate placement appear to be sufficient for estimating energy expenditure and activity category recognition in older adults.

Effects of body position change on thoracoabdominal motion

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Vellody ◽  
M. Nassery ◽  
W. S. Druz ◽  
J. T. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Position Change ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Inspiratory Muscles ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
Local Compliance

With a linearized respiratory magnetometer, measurements of anteroposterior and lateral diameters of both the rib cage and the abdomen were made at functional residual capacity and continuously during tidal breathing. Twenty-five subjects with normal respiratory systems were studied in the sitting, supine, lateral decubitus, and prone body positions. When subjects changed from sitting to supine position anteroposterior diameters of both rib cage and abdomen decreased while their lateral diameters increased. Both anteroposterior and lateral tidal excursions of the rib cage decreased; those of the abdomen increased. When subjects turned from supine to lateral decubitus position both anteroposterior diameters increased and the lateral diameters decreased. This was associated with an increase in both lateral excursions and a decrease in the abdominal anteroposterior excursions. Diameters and tidal excursions in the prone position resembled those in the supine position. Diameter changes could be explained by gravitational effects. Differences in tidal excursions accompanying body position change were probably related to 1) differences in the distribution of respiratory muscle force, 2) differences in the activity or mechanical advantage of various inspiratory muscles, and 3) local compliance changes in parts of the rib cage and abdomen.

scholarly journals Upright versus supine MRI: effects of body position on craniocervical CSF flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Muccio ◽  
David Chu ◽  
Lawrence Minkoff ◽  
Neeraj Kulkarni ◽  
Brianna Damadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Csf Flow ◽  
Position Change ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Systolic Phase ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation between the brain and spinal canal, as part of the glymphatic system, provides homeostatic support to brain functions and waste clearance. Recently, it has been observed that CSF flow is strongly driven by cardiovascular brain pulsation, and affected by body orientation. The advancement of MRI has allowed for non-invasive examination of the CSF hydrodynamic properties. However, very few studies have addressed their relationship with body position (e.g., upright versus supine). It is important to understand how CSF hydrodynamics are altered by body position change in a single cardiac phase and how cumulative long hours staying in either upright or supine position can affect craniocervical CSF flow. Methods In this study, we investigate the changes in CSF flow at the craniocervical region with flow-sensitive MRI when subjects are moved from upright to supine position. 30 healthy volunteers were imaged in upright and supine positions using an upright MRI. The cranio-caudal and caudo-cranial CSF flow, velocity and stroke volume were measured at the C2 spinal level over one cardiac cycle using phase contrast MRI. Statistical analysis was performed to identify differences in CSF flow properties between the two positions. Results CSF stroke volume per cardiac cycle, representing CSF volume oscillating in and out of the cranium, was ~ 57.6% greater in supine (p < 0.0001), due to a ~ 83.8% increase in caudo-cranial CSF peak velocity during diastole (p < 0.0001) and extended systolic phase duration when moving from upright (0.25 ± 0.05 s) to supine (0.34 ± 0.08 s; p < 0.0001). Extrapolation to a 24 h timeframe showed significantly larger total CSF volume exchanged at C2 with 10 h spent supine versus only 5 h (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In summary, body position has significant effects on CSF flow in and out of the cranium, with more CSF oscillating in supine compared to upright position. Such difference was driven by an increased caudo-cranial diastolic CSF velocity and an increased systolic phase duration when moving from upright to supine position. Extrapolation to a 24 h timeframe suggests that more time spent in supine position increases total amount of CSF exchange, which may play a beneficial role in waste clearance in the brain.

Is it possible to increase the amount of physical activity in patients isolated due to stem cell transplantation?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sölvi Vejby
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

Abstract Abstract Purpose: To investigate if physical activity (PA) support could increase PA and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients isolated after haematological stem cell transplantation, compared with standard care. Methods: A prospective historical control group design was used. Patients were sequentially included in a standard care group (SCG, n=22) or a physical activity support group (PASG, n=21). PASG patients received PA support at a pre-transplantation consultation, daily during admission, and at follow-up 14 days post-discharge. All participants undertook a 6-minute walking test (6MWT) at the beginning and end of their hospital stay. HRQoL was evaluated using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Anaemia scale. Patients reported all PA, including sitting, throughout their hospital stay. Metabolic Equivalents of Task (METs) were calculated. Results: PASG patients spent more time sitting and doing various activities, and less in bed, than SCG patients (p=0.03–0.06). They had more calculated METs for total PA out of bed (p=0.02) and time spent sitting (p=0.05). PASG patients walked further in the 6MWT than SCG patients at baseline (p=0.02) and at discharge, but not significantly. There were no statistically significant differences in HRQoL, but PASG patients had clinically important less fatigue at discharge and clinically important better HRQoL 6 months post-discharge. Conclusions: Providing stem cell patients, pre-transplantation, with individual care plans for structured PA support during the hospital stay might increase PA and have a clinically important impact on HRQoL. Larger studies are needed to evaluate the effects of PA support on medical outcome and length of hospital stay.

scholarly journals Einfluss der Körperposition auf die Lungenfunktion: eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Shikma Katz ◽  
Nissim Arish ◽  
Ariel Rokach ◽  
Yacov Zaltzmann ◽  
Esther-Lee Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Systematische Übersichtsarbeit ◽  
Position Change ◽  
Gesunde Probanden ◽  
Funktionelle Residualkapazität ◽  
Function Testing

Hintergrund: Die Lungenfunktionsprüfung (LFP) wird wegen der Anordnung der Messgeräte und des Patientenkomforts routinemäßig in aufrechter Position durchgeführt. In der vorliegenden systematischen Übersichtsarbeit wurde der Einfluss der Körperposition auf die Lungenfunktion bei gesunden Probanden und speziellen Patientengruppen untersucht. Methoden: Zur Identifizierung englischsprachiger Publikationen, die zwischen Januar 1998 und Dezember 2017 veröffentlicht wurden, erfolgte eine Suche in MEDLINE und Google Scholar anhand der Suchbegriffe body position, lung function, lung mechanics, lung volume, position change, positioning, posture, pulmonary function testing, sitting, standing, supine, ventilation, and ventilatory change. Bei den eingeschlossenen Studien handelte es sich um quasi-experimentelle Prä-post-Interventionen, in denen mindestens 2 Positionen, einschließlich Sitzen oder Stehen, untersucht wurden und die die Lungenfunktion bei nicht mechanisch beatmeten Probanden ≥ 18 Jahre bewerteten. Primäre Zielkriterien waren das forcierte exspiratorische Volumen in 1 Sekunde (FEV1), die forcierte Vitalkapazität (FVC, FEV1/FVC), die Vitalkapazität (VC), die funktionelle Residualkapazität (FRC), der maximale exspiratorische Druck (PEmax), der maximale inspiratorische Druck (PImax), der exspiratorische Spitzenfluss (PEF), die totale Lungenkapazität (TLC), das Residualvolumen (RV) und die Kohlenmonoxid-Diffusionskapazität der Lunge (DLCO). Folgende Positionen wurden untersucht: stehend, sitzend, Rückenlage sowie Rechts- und Linksseitenlage. Ergebnisse: 43 Studien erfüllten die Einschlusskriterien. Die Studienpopulationen umfassten gesunde Probanden (29 Studien), Patienten mit Lungenerkrankungen (9), Herzkrankheiten (4), Rückenmarksverletzungen (SCI) (7), neuromuskulären Erkrankungen (3) und Adipositas (4). In den meisten Studien mit gesunden Probanden oder Patienten mit Lungen-, Herz- oder neuromuskulären Erkrankungen oder Adipositas fielen die Werte für FEV1, FVC, FRC, PEmax, PImax und/oder PEF in den aufrechteren Positionen höher aus. Bei Patienten mit SCI-bedingter Tetraplegie waren die Werte für FVC und FEV1 in Rückenlage höher als im Sitzen. Gesunde Probanden wiesen in Rückenlage eine höhere DLCO auf als im Sitzen und im Sitzen höhere Werte als in Seitenlage. Bei Patienten mit chronischer Herzinsuffizienz fiel der Einfluss der Körperposition auf die DLCO unterschiedlich aus. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Körperposition hat Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse der LFP, doch bestehen Unterschiede hinsichtlich optimaler Position und Ausmaß des Benefits zwischen den Studienpopulationen. Die LFP erfolgt routinemäßig in sitzender Position. Wir empfehlen, bei Patienten mit Rückenmarksverletzung und neuromuskulären Erkrankungen neben der sitzenden Position auch die Rückenlage für die LFP in Betracht zu ziehen. Bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Herz- oder Lungenerkrankungen, SCI, neuromuskulären Erkrankungen oder Adipositas ist zu berücksichtigen, dass die Physiologie und Funktion der Lunge von der Körperposition beeinflusst werden.

Forced Oscillation Technique calculates optimum EPAP as sleep stage and body position change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuck Cain ◽  
Sidney Cannon-Bailey ◽  
Jim Mckenzie ◽  
Michael Kissel ◽  
Bill Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Oscillation ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Forced Oscillation Technique ◽  
Position Change

Design of Controls Using Force as a Criterion

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan A. Konz ◽  
Robert A. Day
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
Surface Location ◽  
The Subject

A force platform was used to study the effect of varying the height and handle orientation of a push-pull task. Each of the ten subjects performed the task at knee, hip, waist, chest, and eye heights and at each of the heights the handle was oriented in five different positions. Even though the force required for the task itself did not vary, changing the height of the handle forced each subject to exert a force to maintain his own body position. This force exerted by the subject was minimized when the handle was at chest height. The only previous studies on optimum work heights have concerned work surface location. Since their usual recommendations are to place a work surface below rather than above the elbow, it seems additional experimentation is desirable.

Maternity Care Plans: A retrospective review of a process aiming to support women who decline standard care

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bec Jenkinson ◽  
Sue Kruske ◽  
Helen Stapleton ◽  
Michael Beckmann ◽  
Maree Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Care Plans

scholarly journals Integration of survivorship care plans into standard care: A quality improvement project.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
Patricia Deslauriers ◽  
Shanmuga Subbiah ◽  
Jane M. Fall-Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Patient Knowledge ◽  
Survivorship Care Plans ◽  
Survivorship Care ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Sf 36

70 Background: American College of Surgeons’ Commission on Cancer accredited programs are required to provide Survivorship Care Plans (SCPs) to cancer survivors after initial cancer treatment. A critical need exists to evaluate SCP patient outcomes. The primary purpose of this quality improvement project was to integrate SCP into standard care for adult stage I, II, and III breast and colon cancer patients. Secondary aims were to examine the hypothesis that the SCP will improve participants’ knowledge base regarding their cancer, health promotion and disease prevention, satisfaction with delivery of health care, quality of life, and adherence to follow-up and surveillance testing. Methods: The IRB approved study was conducted at a hospital-based Medical Oncology Clinic (MOC) in the Western US. A pre/post design was used. Sociodemographic, Medical Outcomes Study Form-36 (MOS-SF-36), Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form-PSQ-18 (PSQ-SF-18), and Patient Knowledge of Disease Questionnaire (PKDQ) data were collected pre/post SCP. At the follow-up visit, MOS-SF-36, PSQ-SF-18, PKDQ, and open-ended evaluative questionnaire (OEEQ) data were collected. Results: Forty-two subjects were enrolled. The sample is primarily female (n = 36; 86%), Caucasian (n = 41; 97.6%), Hispanic (n = 36; 85.7%), non-high school graduates (n = 26; 61%), and unemployed/retired (n = 32; 78%). Annual incomes were primarily less than $20K (n = 32; 78%). Paticipants were post-treatment for breast cancer (n = 36) or colon cancer (n = 6). 100% of the participants returned for follow-up visits with only 2 (4.8%) delayed. There were significant increases in knowledge (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant changes in the MOS-SF-36 ant the PSQ-SF-18. Themes in the OEEQ captured satisfaction with the provision of the SCP, changes in health promotion and disease prevention habits. Conclusions: This pilot study supports the hypothesis that SCPs improve adherence to follow-up and patient knowledge, especially in a unique setting of a low socio-economic, ethnically diverse population. A larger study is needed to show statistically significant improvements in health-related quality of life and satisfaction with delivery of health care.

scholarly journals Regional Lung Blood Perfusion Measured With Laser Doppler Method During Body Position Change, Valsalva Manoeuvre and Cardiopulmonary Bypass

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Immanuels Taivans ◽  
Gunta Strazda ◽  
Nora Porīte ◽  
Indulis Vanags ◽  
Juris Lejnieks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
Position Change ◽  
Cardiac Bypass ◽  
Regional Lung

Regional Lung Blood Perfusion Measured With Laser Doppler Method During Body Position Change, Valsalva Manoeuvre and Cardiopulmonary Bypass Methodological approaches to investigate local regulatory mechanisms of lung blood supply in humans are restricted. We tried a new approach using laser Doppler technique. During bronchoscopy, an angled laser Doppler flow probe was introduced through a biopsy channel and wedged into small bronchus. Laser light penetrated the wall of small bronchus and was reflected from blood cells running through neighbouring capillaries. Regional blood perfusion changes were recorded during body position change from vertical to supine and back to vertical, while performing Valsalva maneuver and during cardiac bypass surgery. Body position change and Valsalva maneuver markedly influenced the blood perfusion signal. During cardiac bypass when lungs were supplied with blood only through bronchial arteries regional blood perfusion dropped substantially on average from 93 ± 42 to 7.3 ± 4.3 perfusion units. We conclude that blood perfusion measured with this method reflect mainly the pulmonary vascular bed and may be used for investigation of its local regulatory mechanisms.

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