scholarly journals High Resolution pH Measurements Using a Lab-on-Chip Sensor in Surface Waters of Northwest European Shelf Seas

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoire Rérolle ◽  
Eric Achterberg ◽  
Mariana Ribas-Ribas ◽  
Vassilis Kitidis ◽  
Ian Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Chemistry Dynamics ◽  
Northwest European Shelf

Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are resulting in a reduction in seawater pH, with potential detrimental consequences for marine organisms. Improved efforts are required to monitor the anthropogenically driven pH decrease in the context of natural pH variations. We present here a high resolution surface water pH data set obtained in summer 2011 in North West European Shelf Seas. The aim of our paper is to demonstrate the successful deployment of the pH sensor, and discuss the carbonate chemistry dynamics of surface waters of Northwest European Shelf Seas using pH and ancillary data. The pH measurements were undertaken using spectrophotometry with a Lab-on-Chip pH sensor connected to the underway seawater supply of the ship. The main processes controlling the pH distribution along the ship’s transect, and their relative importance, were determined using a statistical approach. The pH sensor allowed 10 measurements h−1 with a precision of 0.001 pH units and a good agreement with pH calculated from a pair of discretely sampled carbonate variables dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA) and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) (e.g., pHDICpCO2). For this summer cruise, the biological activity formed the main control on the pH distribution along the cruise transect. This study highlights the importance of high quality and high resolution pH measurements for the assessment of carbonate chemistry dynamics in marine waters.

scholarly journals Controls on pH in surface waters of northwestern European shelf seas

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 943-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. C. Rérolle ◽  
M. Ribas-Ribas ◽  
V. Kitidis ◽  
I. Brown ◽  
D. C. E. Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Carbonate Chemistry ◽  
Ph Distribution ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chemistry Dynamics

Abstract. We present here a high resolution surface water pH dataset obtained in the Northwest European shelf seas in summer 2011. This is the first time that pH has been measured at such a high spatial resolution (10 measurements h–1) in this region. The aim of our paper is to investigate the carbonate chemistry dynamics of the surface water using pH and ancillary data. The main processes controlling the pH distribution along the ship's transect, and their relative importance, were determined using a statistical approach. The study highlights the impact of biological activity, temperature and riverine inputs on the carbonate chemistry dynamics of the shelf seas surface water. For this summer cruise, the biological activity formed the main control of the pH distribution along the cruise transect. Variations in chlorophyll and nutrients explained 29% of the pH variance along the full transect and as much as 68% in the northern part of the transect. In contrast, the temperature distribution explained ca. 50% of the pH variation in the Skagerrak region. Riverine inputs were evidenced by high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels in the Strait of Moyle (northern Irish Sea) and the southern North Sea with consequent remineralisation processes and a reduction in pH. The DOC distribution described 15% of the pH variance along the full transect. This study highlights the high spatial variability of the surface water pH in shelf seawaters where a range of processes simultaneously impacts the carbonate chemistry.

scholarly journals Uncertainty in climate projections for the 21st century northwest European shelf seas

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 56-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tinker ◽  
Jason Lowe ◽  
Anne Pardaens ◽  
Jason Holt ◽  
Rosa Barciela
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Northwest European Shelf

Wave power variability over the northwest European shelf seas

2013 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. Neill ◽  
M. Reza Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Power ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Northwest European Shelf

The added value of high-resolution river runoff forcing for simulating long-term ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycling in northern European shelf seas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Werner ◽  
Ute Daewel ◽  
Stefan Hagemann ◽  
Rohini Kumar ◽  
Oldrich Rakovec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Northern European ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Seas

<p><span>Regional climate change and anthropogenic activities are altering land-based freshwater runoff and nutrient loads to northern European shelf seas, which both leave their imprint on the hydrography and biogeochemistry of coastal ecosystems on annual to multi-decadal timescales. Long-term simulations forced by regional climate models have been proven as powerful tools to identify these impacts on the variability of the North Sea and Baltic Sea ecosystems. However, the simulations are prone to substantial biases concerning the land-sea coupling. Long-term </span><span>river discharge</span> <span>forcing for regional ocean models usually needs to be compiled from different data sources and climatologies. Typically resulting in patchy, inconsistent datasets. Additionally, the contribution of smaller river catchments and day-to-day discharge variability is not adequately resolved. In this study, we used two novel </span><span>high-resolution river runoff datasets to simulate 66</span><span>-years ecosystem hindcasts with the 3D coupled physical-biogeochemical NPZD-model ECOSMO II, to study the role of river discharge forcing for the quality of the ecosystem simulation. The forcing datasets are based on consistent long-term reconstructions of the hydrological discharge model (HD) at 5 min. resolution and the mesoscale hydrological model (mHm) at 0.0625° resolution, both covering the entire northern European catchment region. </span><span>We compare long-term seasonal and annual statistics of salinity, oxygen, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus from the model simulations to those from a reference simulation with standard runoff, compiled from various data sources, and to those estimated from observations. Furthermore, potential bottom-up effects on lower-tropic-level dynamics are investigated, by comparatively analyzing long-term variability in phytoplankton biomass and primary production in model simulations forced by different runoff products.</span></p>

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