scholarly journals Effect of Moisture Content on Calculated Dielectric Properties of Asphalt Concrete Pavements from Ground-Penetrating Radar Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Qingqing Cao ◽  
Imad L. Al-Qadi
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Moisture Variation ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Moisture presence in asphalt concrete (AC) pavement is a major cause of damage to the pavement. In recent decades, an increasing need exists for non-destructive detection and monitoring of the moisture content in AC pavement. This paper provides a simulated approach to quantify the effect of internal moisture content on AC pavement dielectric properties using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). A heterogeneous numerical model was developed to simulate AC pavement with internal moisture at various saturation levels. The numerical model was validated using GPR surveys on cold-in-place recycling treated pavements. An empirical formula was derived from the simulation to correlate the dielectric constant with the moisture content for non-dry AC pavement. The results validated the proposed model and, hence, demonstrated the ability of GPR to monitor moisture variation in AC pavements.

scholarly journals Non-destructive evaluation of moisture content in wood by using Ground Penetrating Radar

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Reci ◽  
Tien Chinh Maï ◽  
Zoubir Mehdi Sbartaï ◽  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Emanuela Kiri
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Direct Wave ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Moisture Variation ◽  
Reflection Configuration ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a series of laboratory measurements carried out to study how the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) signal is affected by moisture variation in wood material. The effects of the wood fiber direction, with respect to the polarisation of the electromagnetic field, are investigated. The relative permittivity of wood and the amplitude of the electric field received by the radar are measured for different humidity levels, by using the direct-wave method in Wide Angle Radar Reflection configuration, where one GPR antenna is moved while the other is kept in a fixed position. The received signal is recorded for different separations between transmitting and receiving antennas. Direct waves are compared to reflected waves: it is observed that they show a different behaviour when the moisture content varies, due to their different propagation paths.

scholarly journals Non-destructive evaluation of moisture content in wood using ground-penetrating radar

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Reci ◽  
Tien Chinh Maï ◽  
Zoubir Mehdi Sbartaï ◽  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Emanuela Kiri
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Fibre Direction ◽  
Direct Wave ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Moisture Variation ◽  
Reflection Configuration ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a series of laboratory measurements, carried out to study how the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) signal is affected by moisture variation in wood material. The effects of the wood fibre direction, with respect to the polarisation of the electromagnetic field, are investigated. The relative permittivity of wood and the amplitude of the electric field received by the radar are measured for different humidity levels using the direct-wave method in wide angle radar reflection configuration, in which one GPR antenna is moved while the other is kept in a fixed position. The received signal is recorded for different separations between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Dielectric constants estimated from direct waves are compared to those estimated from reflected waves: direct and reflected waves show different behaviour when the moisture content varies, due to their different propagation paths.

Non-Destructive Detection of Asphalt Concrete Stripping Damage using Ground Penetrating Radar

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110141
Author(s):  
Ye Ma ◽  
Mostafa A. Elseifi ◽  
Nirmal Dhakal ◽  
Mohammad Z. Bashar ◽  
Zhongjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Difference Time

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a non-destructive evaluation technique, which has been applied to assess as-built pavement conditions and to evaluate damage and deterioration that develop over time. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology that uses GPR to detect moisture-related stripping damage in asphalt pavements. To achieve this objective, A Finite-Difference Time-Domain based simulation program was used to study the propagation of GPR signals in a stripped pavement. Field test data including GPR scans and visual inspection of cores of 202 pavement sections were used to study the relationship between GPR traces and asphalt concrete (AC) stripping damage. Based on this analysis, a novel GPR-based indicator, known as the accumulating in-layer peaks (AIP), was introduced to detect stripping damage in asphalt pavements. Field data and pavement cores were used to validate the proposed indicator and to evaluate its effectiveness in detecting the presence, extent, and severity of stripping in in-service pavement sections. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the presence of a void in the middle of the AC layer resulted in positive peaks in the reflected waves as indicated by the simulation of GPR signals. In addition, detected intermediate wave peaks between the surface and the interface between the AC and base layers on the GPR traces were associated with stripping damage in the AC layer. The AIP predicted accuracies for stripped and non-stripped sections were 80% and 96%, respectively, indicating its effectiveness in detecting stripping damage in flexible pavements.

scholarly journals Moisture Measurement in Paper and Cardboard Packaging Waste Bales for Recycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4586
Author(s):  
Ana Silveira ◽  
João Cardoso ◽  
Maria José Correia ◽  
Graça Martinho
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Quality Issue ◽  
Commercial Device ◽  
Non Destructive

Moisture content is a quality issue raised by recycling plants in the acceptance of paper and cardboard coming from waste streams. The current way to measure this parameter is by the oven drying method, which is a slow and invasive process, costing time and resources for the recyclers to do this type of quality control. An alternative to such a measurement technique is the use of plate-form devices which indirectly measure the moisture content using the dielectric properties of water and paper. This study has tested this method and developed a representative equation for the use of devices with these properties in the Portuguese market. For that, 48 wastepaper and cardboard bales were tested with both the traditional (oven drying) method and a commercial device equipped with dielectric technology. An equation that fits the studied reality (R2 = 0.76) was achieved, and possible problems regarding the use of this device were tested. The results showed that this type of device could be used as a time- and cost-saving, non-destructive and reliable method in the quality control of wastepaper and cardboard bales.

Bone permittivity and its effect on using ground-penetrating radar

Geophysics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. H1-H11
Author(s):  
Blair B. Schneider ◽  
Georgios Tsoflias ◽  
Don W. Steeples ◽  
Rolfe Mandel ◽  
Jack Hofman
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Dielectric Property ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Mixing Models ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Bone Minerals ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a powerful tool that is still being developed for archaeological investigations. We investigated the dielectric properties of mammoth bone and bone from modern bison, cow, deer, and elk as a proxy for applying GPR for detecting prehistoric animal remains. Sample dielectric properties (relative permittivity, loss factor, and loss-tangent values) were measured with an impedance analyzer over frequencies ranging from 10 MHz to 1 GHz. Bone-sample porosity, bulk density, water saturation, and volumetric water content of the specimens were also measured. The measured sample-relative permittivity values were then compared with modeled relative permittivity values using common dielectric-mixing models to determine which parameters control the best-fit predictions of relative permittivity of animal bone. We observe statistically significant dielectric-property differences among different animal fauna, as well as variation as a function of frequency. In addition, we determine that the relative permittivity values of 8–9 for similar minerals, such as apatite, are not suitable as a proxy for predicting animal bone properties. We estimate new relative permittivity values of 3–5 for dry animal bone minerals in the frequency range of 100–1000 MHz using these common dielectric-mixing models. We postulate that differences in bone microstructure contribute to dielectric-property variability.

Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforcing Rebar Radius by Digital Image GPR Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 847-851
Author(s):  
Che Way Chang ◽  
Chen Hua Lin ◽  
Shyi Lin Lee ◽  
Ping Huang Chen ◽  
Ching Cheng Jen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Non Destructive Evaluation ◽  
Energy Zone ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a high efficiency technology to detect the cylindrical medium in the concretes material. The electromagnetic wave is incidental to double-rebar, and measures the reflection signal behaviors from energy zone. The results from the reflection signal of electromagnetic wave of the reinforcement concretes allow evaluating the radius of double-bar (1.6cm, 1cm). A physical model can effectively measure the radius of double-bar by the result of electromagnetic wave reflex behavior analysis. The results indicate that, this techology is capable of estimating the reinforcing double-bar radius to within 6%.

scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue “Advanced Techniques for Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging”

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3696
Author(s):  
Yuri Álvarez López ◽  
María García-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Radar Imaging ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Subsurface Sensing ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has become one of the key technologies in subsurface sensing and, in general, in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT), since it is able to detect both metallic and nonmetallic targets [...]

scholarly journals ROAD PAVEMENT DENSITY ANALYSIS USING A NEW NON-DESTRUCTIVE GROUND PENETRATING RADAR SYSTEM

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 399-417
Author(s):  
Mardeni Bin Roslee ◽  
Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah ◽  
Helmi Zulhaidi bin Mohd Shafr
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive
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