scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between River Discharge and Coastal Erosion: An Integrated Approach Applied to the Pisa Coastal Plain (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Monica Bini ◽  
Nicola Casarosa ◽  
Marco Luppichini
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
A Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sentinel 2

Coastal erosion coupled with human-induced pressure has severely affected the coastal areas of the Mediterranean region in the past and continues to do so with increasing intensity today. In this context, the Pisa coastal plain shows a long history of erosion, which started at the beginning of the nineteenth century. In this work, shoreline positions derived from historical maps as well as airborne and DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) surveys were analyzed in a GIS (Geographic Information System) environment to identify the main changes that have occurred in the last 142 years. These analyses were compared with 100 years of discharge data measured at the S. Giovanni alla Vena gauge to identify a possible correlation between the two sets of information. Finally, Sentinel-2 and Landsat images were studied to identify the dispersion of sediments transported by the Arno River. In particular, we found a minimum of fluvial discharge in the years 1954, 1978, and 2012 corresponding to a peak of erosion, while the reduced erosion rate and the fluvial discharge increased in the years 1928–1944, 1954–1975, and after 2012. The qualitative anticorrelation between discharge and erosion is particularly true if we take into account flood events with a value of discharge greater than 700 m3/s, which are those able to transport suspended sand. The remote sensing analyses of Sentinel-2 images acquired during the floods of 6 February 2019 and 3 December 2019, under the most typical wind and sea state conditions for this area (wind coming from SW and storms coming from W/SW and SW) show that during these events a consistent amount of sediment was transported by the river. However, the majority of these sediments are not deposited along the coastline but are dispersed offshore. Grain-size analyses on the transported sediment show that plumes are formed by coarse-to-medium sand, suitable for coastal nourishment, but the reconstructed sediment dispersion lines show that some sectors of the coastline are constantly in the shade. These areas are the most affected by erosion.

scholarly journals Relationship between Gout and Diabetes Mellitus after Acute Pancreatitis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaelim Cho ◽  
Nicola Dalbeth ◽  
Maxim S. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Relationship

Objective.After acute pancreatitis, individuals often have low-grade inflammation, and subsequently develop metabolic sequelae such as post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM). Although numerous studies have investigated the relationship between gout and type 2 diabetes, little is known about the relationship between gout and PPDM. The aim was to investigate the associations between gout and PPDM.Methods.Using nationwide pharmaceutical dispensing data linked to hospital discharge data in New Zealand, gout and PPDM were identified among individuals after first episode of acute pancreatitis between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, social deprivation index, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, comorbidities, medications (glucocorticoids, statins, and estrogens), and characteristics of acute pancreatitis.Results.A total of 10,117 individuals were included in the analysis of risk for gout and 9471 in the analysis of risk for PPDM. PPDM was significantly associated with a higher risk of gout in the overall cohort (adjusted HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.15–3.06) and women (2.72, 95% CI 1.31–5.65), but not in men (1.42, 95% CI 0.73–2.78). Preexisting gout was significantly associated with a higher risk of PPDM in the overall cohort (adjusted HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04–2.41) and women (2.66, 95% CI 1.29–5.49), but not in men (1.31, 95% CI 0.78–2.20).Conclusion.The relationship between gout and PPDM is bidirectional in the post-pancreatitis setting. A history of gout is a risk factor of PPDM, particularly in women.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach to Analyze Sedimentary Stock and Coastal Erosion in Vulnerable Areas: Resilience Assessment of San Vicenzo’s Coast (Italy)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Francesco Bianco ◽  
Paolo Conti ◽  
Salvador García-Ayllon ◽  
Enzo Pranzini
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
Resilience Assessment ◽  
Morphological Patterns

The assessment of coastal erosion risk is a major challenge, since environmental and geomorphic features, together with sea state parameters, can seriously change the configuration of coastal areas. In addition, the anthropic actions of the coastal communities may also drastically modify the configuration of the coast in vulnerable areas. In this study, a linkage between regional mapping guidelines and national geological cartography procedures is presented as a meaningful tool in the geomorphic trends analysis for the integrated mapping of the main morphological patterns of San Vincenzo’s coastal area, in the region of Tuscany (Italy). Comparing and joining different procedures—which have different scales and topics—requires adapting the fields and the information provided in maps and databases. In this case study, a GIS morpho-sedimentological approach is developed. This GIS approach enables us to cover several issues simultaneously, such as the representation of coastal active processes, the adaptation of regional and national cartography to coastal erosion assessment, and lastly the calculation of the sedimentary stock analysis, since it represents the first attribute of coasts to be preserved in a resilience-oriented integrated assessment.

Historical Analysis and Structural Monitoring Cases – Studies for an Integrated Approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Laura Balboni ◽  
Paolo Corradini ◽  
Davide Del Curto ◽  
Luca Valisi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

The paper focuses on the structural analysis of monumental buildings, particularly upon the relationship between both instrumental measurements and the preliminary studies and the general comprehension of the construction history of each single building, including e.g. the historical evolution, materials, decay. A couple of case – study in the north of Italy are presented: the Trostburg Castle in South Tyrol and the S. Agata Church in Brescia. In these cases, cracks have been controlled by a long - time monitoring to investigate if structural damages could be influenced by the construction of underground galleries just near their foundations. The study focuses on the structural analysis of monumental buildings, particularly upon the relationship between both instrumental measurements and the preliminary studies and the general comprehension of the construction history of each single building, including e.g. the historical evolution, materials, decay. Collected data are discussed in comparison with the different approaches related to the knowledge of buildings, in order to evaluate limits and possibilities of proposed methods. Results underline how a deep investigation of an ancient and complex building, usually made up by a long time process of transformations and stratifications, allows to better understand the general structural behaviour. The strong comprehension of the constructive history of each single structure and a carefully discussed cracks board can provide a wider support to plan and make the diagnostic and structural investigation, e.g. this method helps in the choice of the type of tests and instrumentation to be employed and helps to localise where measurements should be taken, empowering the effectiveness of the results. Moreover, it allows to control and to understand results.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kecemasan dan Kejadian Pre Eklamsia di RSUD dr. R. Goeteng Tarunadibrata Purbalingga

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Alfi Noviyana ◽  
Purwati Purwati
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
A Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The conditions of pregnancy can increase anxiety in women, therefore it can cause a negativeimpact on pregnant women themselves and on their fetuses. Anxiety is one of the risk factors ofthe incidence of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. Pre-eclampsia is still the top three causes ofmaternal death in the field of obstetrics in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to know andanalyze the relationship of anxiety with the incidence of pre-eclampsia in RSUD Dr. R. GoetengTarunadibrata Purbalingga. This research is a quantitative study, with case control design,sampling technique with an accidental sampling approach. Data collection using a standardquestionnaire from Hamilton. Analysis in quantitative studies using the X2 test (chi square) Theresults of this study that there is no statistical relationship between anxiety and the incidence ofpre-eclampsia with a value of ρ = 0.732 but clinically found that mothers with anxiety have a riskof 1, 26 times higher experience pre-eclampsia ( value of OR = 1.26). As for some externalvariables in this study that theoretically become a predisposing factor for pre-eclampsia includingage, previous history of pre-eclampsia or hypertension, hereditary history, history of hormonalfamily planning acceptors related to pre-eclampsia.

scholarly journals Análise multitemporal da linha de costa da praia de Macapá no litoral do Piauí a partir de imagens Landsat / Multitemporal analysis of the coastline of Macapá beach on the coast of Piauí from Landsat images

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Érico Rodrigues Gomes ◽  
Inessa Racine Gomes de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Coastal Monitoring ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Coastal Dynamics ◽  
Landscape Unit

<p>A planície costeira do estado do Piauí tem passado por diversas intervenções em função das atividades naturais e humanas. A zona costeira representa uma unidade de paisagem que mesmo sem apresentar grande ocupação já apresenta indicativos ambientais no que se refere a erosão costeira. A metodologia foi baseada em uma análise de séries temporais de 30 anos (1985 a 2015) através de imagens Landsat para a detecção e variação da linha de costa. Os resultados obtidos indicam que há uma tendência generalizada no processo de avanço das águas oceânicas sobre a linha da costa na praia de Macapá e que está relacionado com a dinâmica costeira e também com o fato de que neste local há intensa carga de sedimentos oriundos do continente, através do trabalho de deposição e transporte dos rios Cardoso e Camurupim, que deságuam no oceano em forma de estuário.</p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> erosão costeira, monitoramento costeiro, linha de costa, sensoriamento remoto.</p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>The coastal plain of the state of Piauí has undergone several interventions due to natural and human activities. The coastal zone represents a landscape unit that even without presenting great occupation already presents environmental indicatives with respect to coastal erosion. he methodology was based on a 30-year time series analysis (1985 to 2015) using Landsat images for the detection and variation of the coastline. The results indicate that there is a general tendency in the process of advancing the oceanic waters on the coastline in the beach of Macapá and that is related to the coastal dynamics and also to the fact that in this place there is an intense load of sediments originating from the continent, through the work of deposition and transportation of the rivers Cardoso and Camurupim, that fall into the ocean in the form of estuary.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: coastal erosion, coastal monitoring, coast line, remote sensing.</p>

scholarly journals Discovering Patterns in Regulatory History: Continuity, Change, and Regulatory Regimes

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allen Eisner
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
Organized Interests ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
A Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

From contesting the power of large corporations to nurturing a stable industrial economy, regulatory policies have been created in pursuit of a wide variety of goals. Likewise, regulatory institutions have been designed to address host of administrative demands, to incorporate organized interests into the policy process, and to compensate for specific problems of implementation. One can analyze each expansion of regulatory authority as an independentevent. However, one can bring order to the history of regulation by identifying particular regimes that have emerged during critical periods in U.S. history. When used in international relations, a regime is commonly defined as “a set of principles, norms, rules, and procedures around which actors' expectations converge.” In this context, regimes are important because they “constrain and regularize the behavior of participants, affect which issues among protagonists move on and off agendas, determine which activities are legitimized or condemned, and influence whether, when, and how conflicts are resolved.” While retaining the emphasis on a value-based governance structure, we can define a regulatory regime as a linked set of policies and institutions that condition the relationship between societal interests, the state, economic actors in multiple sectors of the economy. A regime framework focuses attention on points of continuity in policy and institutional change. It facilitates the discovery of patterns in regulatory policies and institutions and provides a useful explanatory and organizational tool.

scholarly journals Education reforming in the context of F. Nietzsche's philosophy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (II) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Вікторія БЛІДЧЕНКО-НАЙКО
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cultural Conformity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Educated Person ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Dimension

The article considers the main aspects of F. Nietzsche’s philosophy concerning the issues of conceptualizing the values, content and principles of modern education. The idea of the relationship between universal education and culture is essential in the work of the philosopher. It reflects the function of education both in a universal aspect as a translator of culture and culture-making mechanism, and in an individual dimension, taking into account the purpose of an educated person to be a link in the chain of culture, to be a cultural microcosm which is isomorphic to the cultural “macrocosm” that is to be the heritage of different eras. The idea of the spiritual unity of educational institutions with cultural heritage is in harmony with the pedagogical principle of cultural conformity that is the correspondence of education to culture and the history of the nation. The concept of superhuman implies the principles of continuity of education and self-education, integrity and succession, humanization as a value self-determination of an individual and recognition of his rights to be independent. The ideas of the philosopher correlate with values of creative type pedagogical culture and with “integrative” line of pedagogical knowledge formation. The philosopher treated utilitarianism, narrow empiricism and specialization in education and scientific knowledge to be barriers for the development of creativity, freedom and energy potential. Thus, Nietzsche’s philosophy is relevant for understanding the content of a number of principles for reforming modern education, specifically humanitarian ization, individualization, cultureconformity, continuity of education and self-education, integrative and succession, integrativity and creativity.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Misreading Egypt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Experimental Film ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Technologies

The first chapter of Hieroglyphic Modernisms exposes the complex history of Western misconceptions of Egyptian writing from antiquity to the present. Hieroglyphs bridge the gap between modern technologies and the ancient past, looking forward to the rise of new media and backward to the dispersal of languages in the mythical moment of the Tower of Babel. The contradictory ways in which hieroglyphs were interpreted in the West come to shape the differing ways that modernist writers and filmmakers understood the relationship between writing, film, and other new media. On the one hand, poets like Ezra Pound and film theorists like Vachel Lindsay and Sergei Eisenstein use the visual languages of China and of Egypt as a more primal or direct alternative to written words. But Freud, Proust, and the later Eisenstein conversely emphasize the phonetic qualities of Egyptian writing, its similarity to alphabetical scripts. The chapter concludes by arguing that even avant-garde invocations of hieroglyphics depend on narrative form through an examination of Hollis Frampton’s experimental film Zorns Lemma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document