scholarly journals Research on Spatiotemporal Land Deformation (2012–2018) over Xi’an, China, with Multi-Sensor SAR Datasets

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi Peng ◽  
Chaoying Zhao ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Zhong Lu ◽  
Zhongsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Ground Fissure ◽  
Subsidence Zone ◽  
The 1960S

The ancient city of Xi’an, China, has been suffering severe land subsidence and ground fissure hazards since the 1960s, mainly due to the over-withdrawal of groundwater and large-scale urban construction. This has threatened and will continue to threaten the stability of urban infrastructure, such as the construction and operation of high buildings and subway lines. It is necessary to map the spatiotemporal variations of land subsidence over Xi’an, and to analyze their causes and the correlation with underground water level changes and ground fissure deformation. Time series of land subsidence were observed with the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique, using multi-sensor SAR datasets from 2012 to 2018. Four land subsidence rate maps over Xi’an city were retrieved from TerraSAR-X, ALOS/PALSAR2, and Sentinel-1 data, each with different tracks. The InSAR derived results were then cross-validated with three independent SAR data stacks, and calibrated with GPS and leveling observations. Next, the spatiotemporal evolutions of three main regional land subsidence zones were quantitatively analyzed in detail, and the surface deformation of the Xi’an subway network was spatially analyzed. Third, the correlations between land subsidence and ground water withdrawal, ground fissure deformation, landforms, and faults were intensively analyzed. Finally, a flat lying sill model with distributed contractions was implemented to model the InSAR deformation over one typical subsidence zone, which further suggested that the ground deformation was mainly caused by groundwater withdrawal. This systematic research can provide sound evidence to serve decision-making for land subsidence mitigation in Xi’an, and may also guide land subsidence research in other cities.

scholarly journals GROUND SUBSIDENCE MONITORING WITH MT-InSAR AND MECHANISM INVERSION OVER XI’AN, CHINA

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 1375-1380
Author(s):  
M. M. Peng ◽  
C. Y. Zhao ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
Y. Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Ground Fissure ◽  
Ground Fissures ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Subsidence Monitoring ◽  
Xi’An City ◽  
Deformation Section

The ancient Xi’an, China, has been suffering severe land subsidence and ground fissure hazards since the 1960s, which has affected the safety of Subways. Multi-sensor SAR data are conducted to monitor the latest complex ground deformation and its influence on subway line No.3 over Xi’an. Annual deformation rates have been retrieved to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of ground subsidence in Xi’an city from 2013 to 2017. Meanwhile, the correlation between land subsidence and ground fissures are analyzed by retrieving the deformation differences in both sides of the fissures. Besides, the deformation along subway line No. 3 is analyzed, and the fast deformation section is quantitatively studied. Finally, a flat lying sill model with distributed contractions is implemented to model the InSAR deformation over YHZ subsidence center, which manifests that the ground deformation is mainly caused by groundwater withdrawal.

scholarly journals Management of groundwater in the Nobi Plain that modeled groundwater use for earthquake disasters and environmental preservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 727-731
Author(s):  
Kenji Daito
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Groundwater Use ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Effective Use

Abstract. The pumped discharge of groundwater increased rapidly in Japan during the period of fast economic growth since the beginning of the 1960s. As a result, land subsidence has been observed, including throughout the Nobi Plain. Laws have led to restrictions on the collection of underground water, and pumped discharge has gradually reduced. In recent years, the groundwater level that had formerly decreased has begun to rise again, leading to less land subsidence. However, as groundwater levels rise, the occurrence of new problems is feared, such as the danger posed by liquefaction. In this study, an analysis was conducted on the changes in the state of groundwater based on future groundwater-use scenarios and forecasts of land subsidence. This involved thinking about the effective use of groundwater to prevent excessive rises in groundwater levels, using a three-dimensional groundwater-flow analysis and a perpendicular one-dimensional subsidence consolidation analysis. As a result, it was shown that it would be beneficial to use groundwater as a means of continuous environmental preservation and as the water resource at the earthquake disaster. At this time new wells were set up at the refuge of the disaster specified in the Nobi Plain. And the remarkable land subsidence was not caused by pumped discharge.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale and Multi-Dimensional Time Series InSAR Characterizing of Surface Deformation over Shandong Peninsula, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi Peng ◽  
Chaoying Zhao ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Zhong Lu ◽  
Lin Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Shandong Peninsula ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Yrd

Shandong peninsula, the largest peninsula of China, is prone to severe land subsidence hazards along the coastline. In this paper, we provide, for the first time, multi-scale and multi-dimensional time series deformation measurements of the entire Shandong peninsula with advanced time series Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques. We derive the spatiotemporal evolutions of the land subsidence by integrating multi-track Sentinel-1A/B and RADARSAT-2 satellite images. InSAR measurements are cross validated by the independent deformation rate results generated from different SAR tracks, reaching a precision of less than 1.3 cm/a. Two-dimensional time series over the Yellow River Delta (YRD) from 2017 to 2019 are revealed by integrating time series InSAR measurements from both descending and ascending tracks. Land subsidence zones are mainly concentrated on the YRD. In total, twelve typical localized subsidence zones are identified in the cities of Dongying (up to 290 mm/a; brine and groundwater exploitation for industrial usage), Weifang (up to 170 mm/a; brine exploitation for industrial usage), Qingdao (up to 70 mm/a; aquaculture and land reclamation), Yantai (up to 50 mm/a; land reclamation) and Rizhao (up to 60 mm/a; land reclamation). The causal factors of localized ground deformation are discussed, encompassing groundwater and brine exploitation, aquaculture and land reclamation. Multi-scale surveys of spatiotemporal deformation evolution and mechanism analysis are critical to make decisions on underground fluid exploitation and land reclamation.

scholarly journals Surface Deformation from Sentinel-1A InSAR: Relation to Seasonal Groundwater Extraction and Rainfall in Central Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jie Yang ◽  
Cheinway Hwang ◽  
Wei-Chia Hung ◽  
Thomas Fuhrmann ◽  
Yi-An Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
Small Baseline ◽  
Central Taiwan

Extracting groundwater for agricultural, aquacultural, and industrial use in central Taiwan has caused large-scale land subsidence that poses a threat to the operation of the Taiwan High Speed Railway near Yunlin County. We detected Yunlin subsidence using the Sentinel-1A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) by the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) method from April 2016 to April 2017. We calibrated the initial InSAR-derived displacement rates using GPS measurements and reduced the velocity difference between the two sensors from 15.0 to 8.5 mm/a. In Yunlin’s severe subsidence regions, cumulative displacements from InSAR and GPS showed that the dry-season subsidence contributed 60%–74% of the annual subsidence. The InSAR-derived vertical velocities matched the velocities from leveling to better than 10 mm/a. In regions with few leveling measurements, InSAR increased the spatial resolution of the vertical velocity field and identified two previously unknown subsidence spots over an industrial zone and steel factory. Annual significant subsidence areas (subsidence rate > 30 mm/a) from leveling from 2011 to 2017 increased with the declining dry-season rainfalls, suggesting that the dry-season rainfall was the deciding factor for land subsidence. A severe drought in 2015 (an El Niño year) dramatically increased the significant subsidence area to 659 km2. Both InSAR and leveling detected similarly significant subsidence areas in 2017, showing that InSAR was an effective technique for assessing whether a subsidence mitigation measure worked. The newly opened Hushan Reservoir can supply surface water during dry seasons and droughts to counter rain shortage and can thereby potentially reduce land subsidence caused by groundwater extraction.

scholarly journals Multi-Temporal InSAR Parallel Processing for Sentinel-1 Large-Scale Surface Deformation Mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3749
Author(s):  
Wei Duan ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Yixian Tang
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Computing ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Aperture Radar

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has achieved great success in various geodetic applications, and its potential for ground deformation measurements on the large scale has attracted increasingly more attention in recent years. The increasing number of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite systems have steadily provided a large amount of SAR data. Among these systems, the Sentinel-1 mission can be considered a milestone in the development of InSAR techniques, offering new opportunities to monitor global surface deformation with high precision, due to its wide coverage, short revisit time, and free access. However, conventional InSAR techniques have encountered great challenges in large-scale InSAR processing over wide areas because of the large computational burden and complexity. In this work, we present a novel parallel computing-based coherent scatterer InSAR (P-CSInSAR) method for automatic and efficient generation of deformation results from Sentinel-1 raw data. To achieve high parallelization performance for the overall InSAR processing chain, parallelization strategies at different levels have been adopted in the P-CSInSAR method, which has been fully addressed in this work. To evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, P-CSInSAR has been tested on the North China Plain regions with three adjacent frames of Sentinel-1 images, and the deformation results have been validated by GPS measurements. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed parallel computing-based P-CSInSAR method. The proposed method can also play an important role in exploiting Sentinel-1 InSAR big data for disaster prevention and reduction.

Optimization of groundwater monitoring network in terms of mass transfer modeling

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
N. B. Agarkov ◽  
◽  
V. V. Khaustov ◽  
A. M. Malikov ◽  
N. G. Karpenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Groundwater Monitoring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Field Development

In accordance with the ‘Requirements for Monitoring Solid Mineral Deposits’, groundwater monitoring is carried out in the area of the actual mineral deposit and man-made mining facilities, as well as in the zone of significant influence of the field development and other production activities of mining, which affect the subsoil and other components of the natural environment. The development of an underground water monitoring network using mathematical modeling is shown, the existing monitoring network is analyzed, the model of mass transfer of the main pollutant of underground water is developed, and the predictive calculations of mass transfer are performed. The migration model of the test area was created using MT3D program, which allows 3D modeling of mass processes in the flow of underground water. The boundaries of the model area are determined subject to the outline of the catchment area around the quarry, the project increase in depth and the project cut-back in the quarry, as well as to the presence of natural and man-made sources and facilities which can have influence on groundwater regime. The monitoring system allows regular-based observations toward prediction of changes in the condition of underground waters under the influence of the large-scale water withdrawal and other induced and natural factors. The introduction of such monitoring system can enable prevention of prevention of likely changes in the condition of groundwater and proper adjustment of drainage system operation. The numerical modeling data made it possible to optimize the cost of additional inspection well drilling.

scholarly journals Ground deformation detection of the greater area of Thessaloniki (Northern Greece) using radar interferometry techniques

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Raucoules ◽  
I. Parcharidis ◽  
D. Feurer ◽  
F. Novalli ◽  
A. Ferretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Permanent Scatterers ◽  
The City

Abstract. In the present study SAR interferometric techniques (stacking of conventional interferograms and Permanent Scatterers), using images from satellites ERS-1 and 2, have been applied to the region of Thessaloniki (northern Greece). The period covered by the images is 1992–2000. Both techniques gave good quantitative and qualitative results. The interferometric products were used to study ground surface deformation phenomena that could be related to the local tectonic context, the exploitation of underground water and sediments compaction. The city of Thessaloniki shows relatively stable ground conditions. Subsidence in four locations, mainly in the area surrounding the city of Thessaloniki, has been detected and assessed. Two of the sites (Sindos-Kalochori and Langadhas) were already known from previous studies as subsiding areas, using ground base measurements. On the contrary the other two sites in the northern suburbs of Thessaloniki (Oreokastro) and in the south-east (airport area) were unknown as areas of subsidence. A further investigation based on fieldwork is needed in these two areas. Finally, an attempt to interpret the observed deformation, according to the geological regime of the area and its anthropogenic activities, has been carried out.

scholarly journals Satellite Monitoring of Mass Changes and Ground Subsidence in Sudan’s Oil Fields Using GRACE and Sentinel-1 Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nureldin A.A. Gido ◽  
Hadi Amin ◽  
Mohammad Bagherbandi ◽  
Faramarz Nilfouroushan
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Field ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Sar Data

Monitoring environmental hazards, owing to natural and anthropogenic causes, is an important issue, which requires proper data, models, and cross-validation of the results. The geodetic satellite missions, for example, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and Sentinel-1, are very useful in this respect. GRACE missions are dedicated to modeling the temporal variations of the Earth’s gravity field and mass transportation in the Earth’s surface, whereas Sentinel-1 collects synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, which enables us to measure the ground movements accurately. Extraction of large volumes of water and oil decreases the reservoir pressure and form compaction and, consequently, land subsidence occurs, which can be analyzed by both GRACE and Sentinel-1 data. In this paper, large-scale groundwater storage (GWS) changes are studied using the GRACE monthly gravity field models together with different hydrological models over the major oil reservoirs in Sudan, that is, Heglig, Bamboo, Neem, Diffra, and Unity-area oil fields. Then, we correlate the results with the available oil wells production data for the period of 2003–2012. In addition, using the only freely available Sentinel-1 data, collected between November 2015 and April 2019, the ground surface deformation associated with this oil and water depletion is studied. Owing to the lack of terrestrial geodetic monitoring data in Sudan, the use of GRACE and Sentinel-1 satellite data is very valuable to monitor water and oil storage changes and their associated land subsidence over our region of interest. Our results show that there is a significant correlation between the GRACE-based GWS anomalies (ΔGWS) and extracted oil and water volumes. The trend of ΔGWS changes due to water and oil depletion ranged from –18.5 ± 6.3 to –6.2 ± 1.3 mm/year using the CSR GRACE monthly solutions and the best tested hydrological model in this study. Moreover, our Sentinel-1 SAR data analysis using the persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) method shows a high rate of subsidence, that is, –24.5 ± 0.85, –23.8 ± 0.96, –14.2 ± 0.85, and –6 ± 0.88 mm/year over Heglig, Neem, Diffra, and Unity-area oil fields, respectively. The results of this study can help us to control the integrity and safety of operations and infrastructure in that region, as well as to study the groundwater/oil storage behavior.

scholarly journals Monitoring Land Surface Displacement over Xuzhou (China) in 2015–2018 through PCA-Based Correction Applied to SAR Interferometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Tan ◽  
Yan ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Geological Conditions

Land surface deformation in metropolitan areas, which can cause varying degrees of hazard to both human lives and to properties, has been documented for decades in cities worldwide. Xuzhou, is one of the most important energy and industrial bases in eastern China, and has experienced significant land subsidence due to both excessive extraction of karst underground water and exploitation of mineral resources in recent decades. Furthermore, Xuzhou has recently undergone rapid urbanization in terms of urban expansion and underground construction, which could induce additional pressure on the urban land surface. However, most previous research on land surface deformation in the Xuzhou urban areas has been conducted based on traditional ground-based deformation monitoring techniques with sparse measurements. Little is known about the regional spatiotemporal behavior of land surface displacement in Xuzhou. In this study, a detailed interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series analysis was performed to characterize the spatial pattern and temporal evolution of land surface deformation in central areas of Xuzhou during 2015–2018. A method based on principal component analysis was adopted to correct artifacts in the InSAR signal. Results showed the correction strategy markedly reduced the discrepancy between global navigation satellite systems and InSAR measurements. Noticeable land subsidence (−5 to −41 mm/yr) was revealed widely within the Xuzhou urban areas, particularly along subway lines under construction, newly developed districts, and in old coal goafs. Remarkable consistent land uplift (up to +25 mm/yr) was found to have significantly affected two long narrow areas within the old goafs since 2015. The possible principal influencing factors contributing to the land surface displacements such as subway tunneling, building construction, mining, underground water levels and geological conditions are then discussed.

scholarly journals Different scale land subsidence and ground fissure monitoring with multiple InSAR techniques over Fenwei basin, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zhao ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
C. Yang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
W. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Deformation Gradient ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ground Fissure ◽  
Envisat Asar ◽  
Persistent Scatterers ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
Sbas Insar

Abstract. Fenwei basin, China, composed by several sub-basins, has been suffering severe geo-hazards in last 60 years, including large scale land subsidence and small scale ground fissure, which caused serious infrastructure damages and property losses. In this paper, we apply different InSAR techniques with different SAR data to monitor these hazards. Firstly, combined small baseline subset (SBAS) InSAR method and persistent scatterers (PS) InSAR method is used to multi-track Envisat ASAR data to retrieve the large scale land subsidence covering entire Fenwei basin, from which different land subsidence magnitudes are analyzed of different sub-basins. Secondly, PS-InSAR method is used to monitor the small scale ground fissure deformation in Yuncheng basin, where different spatial deformation gradient can be clearly discovered. Lastly, different track SAR data are contributed to retrieve two-dimensional deformation in both land subsidence and ground fissure region, Xi'an, China, which can be benefitial to explain the occurrence of ground fissure and the correlation between land subsidence and ground fissure.

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