scholarly journals Re-Examining Death: Doors to Resilience and Wellbeing in Tibetan Buddhist Practice

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Tenzin Namdul
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Theoretical Conception

This paper explores how conceptions of death and the ways in which such conceptions shape responses to death determine ways of living as well as valued approaches to dying. The paper posits the question: can a fundamental understanding of death contribute to the development of adaptive social traits that lead to more sustainable phenomenological experiences of happiness and flourishing? Employing an anthropological lens, this work starts from the initial inquiry of “what is death?” by looking at cross-cultural historical and theoretical accounts of death and comparing the modern (medicalized) death to the Tibetan Buddhist notion of death. It examines how the practice of a “medicalized death” has shaped the understanding of contemporary death and the ways in which dying is approached. It employs the hermeneutic of a biopsychosociospiritual death to gain a holistic understanding of human mortality. This analysis, based on an 18-month ethnographic study among a Tibetan refugee community in southern India, explores the conception of death for this community using biological and cultural lenses. Moreover, it presents conceptions of death in Tibetan Buddhist culture, paying particular attention to how death is employed as an adaptive cultural tool in pursuance of positive behavioral changes and happiness at both individual and societal levels. In doing so, the paper presents both the theoretical conception of death and dying as well as its role in animating Buddhist cultural values and beliefs. Importantly, it presents a general landscape of Tibetan Buddhist cultural models that facilitate multiple ways of dying that are specifically dependent on an individual’s familiarity with practices related to death and dying and his or her own level of engaging such spiritual practices.

Native American Cultural Values and Beliefs Scale

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rusty Reynolds ◽  
Randal P. Quevillon ◽  
Beth Boyd ◽  
Duane Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Values And Beliefs

The Importance of Pharmacist Providing Patient Education in Oncology

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Avery ◽  
Felecia Williams
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Values And Beliefs

The world’s increasing diversity requires health care professionals to adjust delivery methods of teaching to accommodate different cultural values and beliefs. The ability to communicate effectively across languages and various cultural practices directly affects patient education outcomes. Pharmacist should be aware of varying modalities and considerations when counseling a patient diagnosed with cancer and undergoing chemotherapy. In more recent years, the medical profession has seen an increase in patient outcomes due to using the multidisciplinary team approach and has benefited by implementing Medication Therapy Management (MTM) programs at various institutions. For the clinical pharmacist, this would mean documentation for these services should be precise and accurate based on the specific patients needs. There are several factors involved in the care and therapy of the patient with cancer. Clinical oncology pharmacist should be aware of the ever-changing role in oncology and be able to implement new practices at their facility for better patient outcomes.

scholarly journals A Differential Construct Methodology for Modelling Predictive Cultural Values

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Boufoy-Bastick
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Target Construct ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Natural Laboratory

This paper presents an explanatory model of cultural behaviours, which resulted from a four-year ethnographic study of the different academic attainments in English of indigenous Fijians and the Indo-Fijians in the Fiji Islands. Fiji is a natural laboratory for investigating differential cultural behaviours because of these two culturally distinct main ethnic groups. Their different cultural behaviours were found to serve different values within each culture. A three-construct grounded model of these different values emerged from observations and analyses of these behaviours. These constructs were then de-constructed to define and explain a fourth target construct of their Differential Teaching Behaviours, which were contributing to the different academic attainments of the two cultures. The validity of the resulting four-construct model was both empirically and quantitatively ascertained and it is argued that the model can be used to predict culturally determined behaviours and educational outcomes in similar multicultural contexts.

scholarly journals Does cultural heritage affect job satisfaction? The East-West divide

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Nikica Mojsoska-Blazevski ◽  
Marjan Petreski ◽  
Venera Krliu-Handjiski
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
East European ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The objective of this paper is to examine the factors influencing workers’ job satisfaction aside from the conventional factors, in the light of basic cultural values and beliefs, and then to set this into a comparative perspective for three groups of countries: South-East European (SEE) countries, Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) and Western Europe. Cultural values are grouped into traditional vs. secular-rational values and survival vs. self-expression values. The main result of the study is that culture has a considerable effect on job satisfaction across all groups of countries under investigation. However, there are between-group differences in terms of the relative importance of specific cultural values for job satisfaction. We also find some evidence suggesting the persistency of cultures and slow-moving institutions.

Medically Timed Death as an Enactment of Good Death: An Ethnographic Study of Three European Intensive Care Units

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Gitte H. Koksvik
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Good Death ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Ethnographic Observation

The article is based on ethnographic observation and semistructured interviews with personnel in three European adult intensive care units. Intensive care is a domain of contemporary biomedicine centered on invasive and intense efforts to save lives in acute, critical conditions. It echoes our culture’s values of longevity. Nevertheless, mortality rates are elevated. Many deaths follow from nontreatment decisions. Medicalized dying in technological medical settings are often presented as unnatural, impersonal, and undesirable ways of dying. How does this affect the way in which death is experienced by intensive care professionals? What might the enactment of dying in intensive care reveal about our cultural values of good and bad dying?

Acculturation of non-native English-speaking teachers in accounting: an ethnographic study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Nadana Abayadeera ◽  
Dessalegn Getie Mihret ◽  
Jayasinghe Hewa Dulige
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Acculturation Process ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Native English Speaking ◽  
Native English Speaking Teachers

Purpose This paper aims to examine ethnographic evidence on the acculturation of non-native English-speaking teachers in accounting (ANNESTs) in an Australian university to understand the process, strategies and outcomes of the acculturation process. Design/methodology/approach Ethnographies of five ANNESTs representing diverse cultural backgrounds were studied. Data were collected from publicly available sources and informal discussions supplemented by semi-structured interviews. Findings The findings show that integration – that is, learning and participating in the Australian host culture while maintaining original cultural values – is the most popular acculturation strategy, followed by assimilation, whereby ANNESTs interact primarily with the host culture and retain loose links with their original culture. ANNESTs covered in this study fall into different stages of the acculturation process depending on their English language competency, the extent of contact with native Australians, cultural proximity and length of residence in Australia. Practical implications This paper concludes that challenges of acculturation confronting ANNESTs concern broader cultural issues than language proficiency alone. Institutional support directed at enhancing teaching effectiveness of ANNESTs should be devised from this perspective. Originality/value Given the cultural relevance of accounting systems and the influence of culture on the learning and teaching styles of ANNEST, the study illuminates that ANNEST’s acculturation strategies could facilitate or hinder the ANNEST’s speed of cultural understanding necessary to productively engage in the learning and teaching.

Kuomintang Soldiers and Their Descendants in Northern Thailand: An Ethnographic Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Duan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Chinese Education ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Chinese Cultural Values ◽  
Thai Culture

AbstractThis research explores the community and the life of the Yunnanese Chinese comprising KMT soldiers and their descendants in northern Thailand. By describing three generations of these villagers, the article shows how the original Kuomintang soldiers and their descendants have adapted to life in northern Thailand, and become a category of Chinese there. Despite the influence of Thai culture especially on the young, certain aspects of Chinese tradition have remained important for their cultural identity, while Chinese education reinforces the socialization of Chinese cultural values.

Cultural competence: Reflections on patient autonomy and patient good

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G Leever
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Transcultural Nursing ◽  
Moral Relevance ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Organizational Preparedness ◽  
The Relationship

Terms such as ‘cultural competence’ and ‘transcultural nursing’ have comfortably taken their place in the lexicon of health care. Their high profile is a reflection of the diversity of western societies and health care’s commitment to provide care that is responsive to the values and beliefs of all who require treatment. However, the relationship between cultural competence and familiar ethical concepts such as patient autonomy has been an uneasy one. This article explores the moral foundations of cultural competence, ultimately locating them in patient autonomy and patient good. The discussion of patient good raises questions about the moral relevance of a value’s rootedness in a particular culture. I argue that the moral justification for honoring cultural values has more to do with the fact that patients are strongly committed to them than it does with their cultural rootedness. Finally, I suggest an organizational approach to cultural competence that emphasizes overall organizational preparedness.

scholarly journals Contemplative Practice, Doxographies, and the Construction of Tibetan Buddhism: Nupchen Sangyé Yeshé and The Lamp for the Eye in Meditation

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Manuel Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Century ◽  
Original System ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Buddhist Tradition ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
Intellectual Context

In this article, I would like to reframe our understanding of the role played by doxographies or classification of views (Skt. siddhānta, Ch. panjiao 判教, Tib. grub mtha’) in the Buddhist tradition as it pertained to Tibetan attempts at defining and organizing the diversity of Buddhist contemplative practices that made their way into Tibet since the introduction of Buddhism to the Tibetan plateau in the seventh century, all the way up to the collapse of the Tibetan Empire in the ninth century. In order to do that, this article focuses on one such doxography, the Lamp for the Eye in Meditation (bsam gtan mig sgron), composed in the 10th century by the Tibetan scholar Nupchen Sangyé Yeshé. The first part of the article will place Nupchen’s text in the larger historical and intellectual context of the literary genre of doxographies in India, China, and Tibet. The second part of the article will argue that Nupchen used the doxographical genre not only as a vehicle for organizing and articulating doctrinal and contemplative diversity, but also as a tool for the construction of a new and original system of Tibetan Buddhist practice known as ‘the Great Perfection’ (rdzogs chen). Finally, and as a small homage to the recent passing of the great religious studies scholar Jonathan Z. Smith, I would also like to reflect on the importance that the issues of definition, comparison, and classification—central concerns of Nupchen’s as well as of Smith’s works—have in creating and articulating religious difference.

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