scholarly journals Utraquist Bohemia and the English Martyrs: An Uncommon Witness of Reform

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Zdenek Vaclav David
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Venerable Bede ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the Bohemian reform movements of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries and the events associated with the traditionally-nominated Reformations of the sixteenth century has been a much understudied topic amongst historians and theologians. There are a number of points of entry for comparison and analysis. One overlooked text is Pavel Bydžovský’s “Several Stories of English Martyrs (with Whom God Deigned to Decorate His Church Just Like the Heaven with Stars)” that was published in 1554. Bydžovský’s treatise, which has not been examined in modern times, offers a remarkable opportunity as an illustration of the little studied or understood Utraquist theological and ecclesiological position. This is displayed by Bydžovský’s sponsorship (especially that of Jan III, Popel z Lobkovic), his relationship to Catholicism and Lutheranism, and by his use of sources (especially, Venerable Bede, Reginald Pole, the Guildhall Report). Thus, the Bydžovský text is useful for the elaboration of the religious relationships that existed between Bohemia and England in the sixteenth century. The text further contributes an important witness to the theological and ecclesiastical via media represented by the Utraquist tradition between Rome on one hand and Wittenberg and Geneva on the other. This is most graphically displayed in what can only be characterized as a highly qualified allegiance to the papacy. This contribution to expanding knowledge around the definition and understanding of Reformation presents a full translation of Pavel Bydžovský’s treatise on the English Martyrs and this is preceded by a contextual commentary that endeavors to more meaningfully bring a forgotten text into the cutting edge of scholatship.

scholarly journals Kändisförfattarens varumärke i Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (114) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Tarja-Lisa Hypén
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Home Country ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
American Research ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

THE BRAND OF THE CELEBRITY AUTHOR IN FINLAND | In the 21st century, the celebrity author has begun to interest researchers not only as a marketing phenomenon, but also as the literary institution’s own phenomenon. In my article, I explore the relationship of the celebrity author to the so-called acclaimed authors of modern times. In Anglo-American research, the celebrity author and the bestselling author are distinguished as separate author types, but in the case of Finnish Jari Tervo, these types combine. For almost 20 years, Jari Tervo has been amongboth the most sold and the most visible celebrity authors in his home country. I examine how the publicity and brand of the Finnish celebrity author are formed. I consider how the brand affects the author’s works on the one hand, and the reception of the works on the other. I point out the limiting effects of the brand, but I also examine how, in combining the high and the low, it affords mobility in the literary fields while it also offers an opportunity to influence society.

Elizabethan chroniclers and parliament

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-152
Author(s):  
Ian W. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Political Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Church Reform ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Moral Qualities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Chronicles remained the dominant form of historical writing throughout the sixteenth century, and contained much material about the relationship of parliament and the crown and the wider political community. But how coherent a view of parliament could be derived from the chronicles? That is the question addressed by this essay, primarily through Holinshed, but with reference to the other chronicles on which his account was built. Holinshed included some key texts on parliament, including William Harrison’s reworking of Sir Thomas Smith’s account in De republica Anglorum (1583), significantly enhancing parliament’s role on the succession and church reform, and John Hooker’s Order and Usage (1572), inserted into the Irish section. But Holinshed famously left his chronicles open to variant readings. There was little interest in parliament’s institutional development, or commonwealth legislation, but much more interest in parliament as the bringer of hated taxes, and in the politics of parliaments, particularly relating to monarchical succession. It is argued that readers might take away various understandings from the chronicles, but that in any case the chronicles tended to focus less on institutional structures than on the moral qualities of the country’s leaders who operated them.

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Macrobrachium suphanense sp. nov. (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Thailand

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4482 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
NUKUL SAENGPHAN ◽  
BHINYO PANIJPAN ◽  
SAENGCHAN SENAPIN ◽  
PARAMES LAOSINCHAI ◽  
PINTIP RUENWONGSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A New Species

A small freshwater prawn in Thailand has been found to be a new species and is named Macrobrachium suphanense (Decapoda: Palaemonidae). Fully grown male M. suphanense appeared very different from the most closely related male of M. sintangense: size smaller, second pereiopod smaller and less robust, rostrum form different and, in females, fewer eggs. Less closely related, fully grown M. dolatum has sharper distal cutting edge on fixed finger and M. hungi has longer rostrum than M. suphanense. DNA analyses put M. suphanense, M. sintangense and M. nipponense in the same clade with M. nipponense sister to the other two. Two more clades consist of M. dienbienphuense and M. niphanae on the one hand and M. lanchesteri and M. rosenbergii on the other. The relationship among the three clades is not clearly resolved. 

scholarly journals Polityka wobec zabijania ludzi w konfliktach społecznych. Wykład teoretyczno-metodologiczny

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 154-170
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czajowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Natural Death ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Sides

Politica towards killing people in social conflicts. Theoretical-methodological lectureThere are two sides of life: its continuation to natural death and premature annihilation. These two processes occur in parallel, subjecting to nature and culture. This means that human life, regardless of natural condi­tions, depends in some respects on tradition and politica politics and policy. People primarily protect life, but at the same time kill people and prevent killing in order to meet a number of needs. Often the cause of killing is the clash of those aims and then the killing is used to settle conflicts. Politica has a contradictory role in killing people: on the one hand counteracts this phenomenon, and on the other hand favors. De­pending on the relationship between politica and killing, we differentiate killing politica, politica facilitating killing, anti-killing politica and non-killing politica.The nature and implications of politica involvement in killing of people in conflicts depend on the nature of the conflict. Another is the relation of politica to this phenomenon when the conflict is non-political and the other when it is political.Politica — from its advent to our modern times — is transformed into: apparently killing and encouraging killing, giving way to ever more visible counteracting killing and non-killing.

The Empires of the East

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Sarah Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Administrative Structure ◽  
Political Thinking ◽  
Spiritual Path ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
The Relationship

The early sixteenth century saw the rise of three distinct Islamic empires, ruled by the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. In each, rulers had to find ways to legitimize their authority and their expansionist agenda, co-opting elites while also responding to the exigencies of economic change and military developments. The Ottomans became increasingly identified with Sunni Islam and the Safavids with Shi’ite interpretations of faith, but all three empires were religiously heterogeneous and they needed to cultivate an administrative structure and ideal of service which was not simply tied to a particular spiritual path. In the Ottoman empire there was an important debate about the relationship between those policies and principles which seemed necessary for stability and prosperity, and the demands of the divine law as understood by religious elites. The Mughal emperor Akbar, on the other hand, countered religious orthodoxy with his own version of saintliness and divine favour. In contrast to the lands of Western Europe, there was little interest in developing a concept of natural law whose purpose was earthly flourishing rather than spiritual fulfilment. Political thinking in the Islamic empires tended to emphasize universal principles, although in the Ottoman lands there came to be a recognition of the particular circumstances and challenges faced by that Empire.

scholarly journals Od przysłówka do przedrostka (na przykładzie polskiego współ-)

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Janowska
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

From an Adverb to a Prefix: The Case of the Polish współ-In the modern Polish language, it is difficult to determine in an unambiguous manner the word-formative status of formations which feature the element współ-. Such elements are treated as compounds or, more frequently, as prefixal forms. Historically, these elements, along with the constructions spół-, społu, constituted a class of compounds which were synonymous. The first attestations of the structures which are discussed in this article date back to as early as the Old Polish period (cf. społupomoc, społudziedzic), although their expansion occurred only in the nineteenth century (e.g. współdryblas, współdziałać, współinteresowany). The development of this derivative group is clearly associated with the evolution of adverbs of the type społu, pospołu, wespół, współ, wspołek; it mainly consists in the expansion of the forms which feature współ on the one hand, and in the slow process of disassociation of the relationship in question on the other. Owing to specialisation of the forms współ, spół in the derivational function (a process relatively discernible since the sixteenth century), we may speak about a slow process of their transformation into a prefix, which intensified along with the process of the obsolescence of the adverb wespół. Od przysłówka do przedrostka (na przykładzie polskiego współ-)We współczesnej polszczyźnie trudno jednoznacznie określić status słowotwórczy formacji z cząstką współ-. Są traktowane bądź jako złożenia, bądź – częściej – jako formy prefiksalne. W historii tworzyły razem z konstrukcjami ze spół-, społu klasę synonimicznych względem siebie złożeń. Pierwsze poświadczenia opisywanych struktur pochodzą już z czasów staropolskich (por. społupomoc, społudziedzic), jednak ich ekspansja następuje dopiero około XIX wieku (np. współdryblas, współdziałać, współinteresowany). Rozwój tej grupy derywacyjnej wyraźnie powiązany jest z ewolucją przysłówków typu społu, pospołu, wespół, współ, wspołek i polega przede wszystkim z jednej strony na ekspansji form z współ, z drugiej, na powolnym odrywaniu się od wspomnianego związku. Ze względu na dość wyraźną już od XVI wieku specjalizację form współ, spół w funkcji derywacyjnej, możemy mówić o powolnym ich przekształcaniu się w prefiks. Wraz z wycofywaniem się z języka przysłówka wespół proces ten nasilił się.

Religion and Deaf Identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-95
Author(s):  
Noah Buchholz ◽  
Darby Jared Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Social Identities ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Identity Component ◽  
Deaf Identity ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter represents the first-ever effort to examine the role of religion in the realm of deaf identities. The authors, both of whom are deaf religious leaders, with one representing Christianity and the other Judaism, provide a cutting-edge analysis of the relationship between religion and deaf identities. They present different interpretations based on religious treatises that include perspectives of deaf people. These perspectives are fraught with the complexities of multiple social identities that interact with the deaf identity component. While religion has the potential to coalesce deaf people and affirm their deaf identities, the chapter also explores how the religious setting can manifest the dynamics of oppression, dynamics that potentially may result in personal and community dissociation.

Rhetorical Patterns in the Writings of Martin Luther Rhetorische Textmuster in Martin Luthers Schriften

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-239
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rhetorical Style ◽  
Rhetorical Patterns ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the rhetorical characteristics of Martin Luther's texts in the first third of the sixteenth century. Two specific textual types are compared. On the one hand, we have the polemical 'Widder den newen Abgott und allten Teuffel, der zu Meyssen sol erhaben werden' (1524); and on the other, the didactic pamphlet 'Von Ordnung gotes dienst in der gemain' (1523). The following questions are addressed: 1) How do these documents convey new reformatory ideas against the Catholic mainstream? 2) How consistent are both texts in terms of rhetorical style? 3) How can the relationship between the rhetorical compositional features and the supposed intention of each document be characterised? The article concludes that dialectical patterns of thesis and antithesis structure Lutheran texts of this period. Der Beitrag untersucht rhetorische Kompositionsmuster anhand zweier Lutherschriften. Miteinander verglichen werden die Streitschrift 'Widder den newen Abgott und allten Teuffel, der zu Meyssen sol erhaben werden' (1524) und die Unterweisungsschrift 'Von Ordnung gotes dienst in der gemain' (1523). Sowohl antithetische Argumentationsschemata als auch rhetorische Muster bilden einen konstitutiven Bestandteil innerhalb der agitatorischprogrammatischen Schriften Luthers.

From Social to Biological Parasites and Back

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Musolff
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Parasites ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Use ◽  
Semantic Transfer ◽  
The Relationship

The categorization of individuals or groups as social parasites has often been treated as an example of semantic transfer from the biological to the social domain. Historically, however, the scientific uses of the term parasite cannot be deemed to be primary, as their emergence in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was preceded by a much older tradition of religious and social terminology. Its social use in modern times, on the other hand, builds on a secondary metaphorization from the scientific source concept. This article charts the history of the term parasite from its etymological origins to the present day, distinguishes its metaphorical and non-metaphorical uses, and discusses the implications of these findings regarding the cognitive understanding of the relationship between (perceived) literal and metaphorical meanings. In conclusion, it is argued that metaphorization needs to be analyzed not only in terms of its conceptual structure but also in its role in discourse history.

Research on Pressure Characteristics of Vehicle Air Braking System with Leakage from Pipeline

2012 ◽  
Vol 157-158 ◽  
pp. 608-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Shen Wang ◽  
Gang Yan Li ◽  
Qi Qiao Wu ◽  
Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Brake Pressure ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

Based on the vehicle air braking system circuit analysis, a pressure characteristics model in the states of normalcy and leakage was built, and the relationship between brake pressure characteristics and leakage was studied. Based on the modeling and study, simulation was done using the MATLAB; On the other hand, experimental setup of vehicle air braking system was designed, and the experiments were carried. Then the simulation results were compared with experimental results. By comparison and analysis, we come to a conclusion that the model in this paper can accurately describe the pressure characteristics of vehicle air braking system.

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