scholarly journals Clearing the Course: Folio 348 of the Nepalese Gaṇḍavyūha-sūtra in the Cleveland Museum of Art

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Sonya Rhie Mace
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cleveland Museum Of Art ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
Palm Leaf ◽  
Mahayana Buddhist

The final 15 folios of the Nepalese illuminated palm-leaf manuscript of the Sanskrit Gaṇḍavyūha-sūtra of c. 1100 have more paintings per page, larger picture planes, and different types of scenes than are found on the leaves surviving from the first 340 folios. One example is Folio 348 in the Cleveland Museum of Art, which has been painted with scenes of a bodhisattva tossing a blue-skinned heretic, an unusual image of a monk or upāsika wearing blue robes, and a Vajrācārya priest setting a Hindu rishi ablaze. From the point of view of the Mahāyāna Buddhist makers of this manuscript, these figures may personify the wrong views that derail pilgrims on the bodhisattva path to enlightenment. The dramatic shift in imagery appears to reflect the transition from the end of the inspirational pilgrimage of Sudhana to the popular, protective dhāraṇī verses of the Bhadracarī that form the finale to the text. The scenes of destruction and elimination of heretical figures correspond with sentiments in the Bhadracarī, indicating that the artists understood the structure and content of the text.

Decorative motifs on oil lamps from Grimm's 1973 excavations in Alexandria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Abdel Wahed Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decorative Motifs ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Late Roman

A collection of 30 clay oil lamps from Gunther Grimm's excavations in 1973 in the Western necropolis of Alexandria has been classified by Safaa Samir Abu Al Yazid from Tanta University and found to represent 12 different types ranging in time from the Hellenistic to the late Roman periods in Egypt's ancient history. The present paper looks at this collection from the point of view of the symbolic significance of the decorative motifs used in their decoration. These motifs— figural, floral and geometric—had obvious symbolic meaning to their users and signified more than a simple belief in certain deities. They also reflected Roman Egyptian culture.

scholarly journals Embodied Energy and Embodied GWP of Windows: A Critical Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3788
Author(s):  
Francesco Asdrubali ◽  
Marta Roncone ◽  
Gianluca Grazieschi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Operational Phase ◽  
Operational Impact

The construction sector is one of the most energy-intensive in the industrialized countries. In order to limit climate change emissions throughout the entire life cycle of a building, in addition to reducing energy consumption in the operational phase, attention should also be paid to the embodied energy and CO2 emissions of the building itself. The purpose of this work is to review data on embodied energy and GWP derived from EPDs of different types of windows, to identify the LCA phases, the most impacting materials and processes from an environmental point of view and to perform a critical analysis of the outcomes. The results show a strong dependence on the typology of the frame, with wooden windows having competitive performances: lower average primary energy non-renewable (1123 MJ/FU), higher average primary energy renewable (respectively 817 MJ/FU) and lower global warming potential (54 kgCO2eq/FU). More transparency and standardization in the information conveyed by the program operators is, however, desirable for a better comparability of windows performances. In particular, the inclusion of the operational impact in the EPD is sporadic, but strongly important, since it can be the most impactful phase.

The combination of different open innovations: a longitudinal case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-362
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Xiaotao Li
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovation Capacity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how an organization can combine different types of open innovations and what are the key factors that may influence the combination of different open innovations. Design/methodology/approach The basic methodology of this paper is the longitudinal inductive analysis within the conceptual framework of the open innovation proposed by Dahlander and Gann (2010). In this case study of Xiaomi Tech Inc., the open innovation combination is investigated through examining 25 new products created between August 2010 and December 2016 in terms of four general types: acquiring, sourcing, selling and revealing open innovation. Findings In practice, the combination of different types of open innovations can be realized. A firm may combine different open innovations at three levels: a single product level, a related product cluster level and a company level. In addition, different open innovations can be combined in diverse modes. The purpose of combining different types of open innovations is to overcome the disadvantages of each type and to exploit the advantages of all different types. Many factors may affect a firm’s option of how to combine open innovations. At different development stages, a firm may make and implement corresponding strategic direction based on its innovation capacity and internal resource. For a given strategy, the firm needs to create profits and manage intellectual property in the implementation of open innovations. These factors are interacted each other, rather than isolated. Originality/value The findings of this paper are helpful for better understanding how and why an organization can combine different types of open innovations. From a managerial point of view, an organization may combine different types of open innovations to leverage advantages and avoid disadvantages of each certain type of open innovation. An appropriate combination of different open innovations can effectively improve new product development.

scholarly journals Cell Bioprinting: The 3D-Bioplotter™ Case

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelats Lobo ◽  
Ginestra
Keyword(s):  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Available Information ◽  
User Friendly

The classic cell culture involves the use of support in two dimensions, such as a well plate or a Petri dish, that allows the culture of different types of cells. However, this technique does not mimic the natural microenvironment where the cells are exposed to. To solve that, three-dimensional bioprinting techniques were implemented, which involves the use of biopolymers and/or synthetic materials and cells. Because of a lack of information between data sources, the objective of this review paper is, to sum up, all the available information on the topic of bioprinting and to help researchers with the problematics with 3D bioprinters, such as the 3D-Bioplotter™. The 3D-Bioplotter™ has been used in the pre-clinical field since 2000 and could allow the printing of more than one material at the same time, and therefore to increase the complexity of the 3D structure manufactured. It is also very precise with maximum flexibility and a user-friendly and stable software that allows the optimization of the bioprinting process on the technological point of view. Different applications have resulted from the research on this field, mainly focused on regenerative medicine, but the lack of information and/or the possible misunderstandings between papers makes the reproducibility of the tests difficult. Nowadays, the 3D Bioprinting is evolving into another technology called 4D Bioprinting, which promises to be the next step in the bioprinting field and might promote great applications in the future.

XXVIII.—The Arrangement of Fibre Follicles in some Mammals, with special reference tothe Ovidæ

1939 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Duerden
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Association ◽  
General Development ◽  
Initial Form ◽  
Genetic Unit ◽  
Different Types

At the time of his death Dr Duerden was contemplating the preparation of a paper of this nature, and it is felt by Mrs Duerden that had he been able to express his wishes in this connection he would appreciate a record of the conclusions made by him. No one realised more than Dr Duerden himself the gaps which are still present in our knowledge and interpretation of the grouping of follicles and fibres in the mammalia, and this work is certainly not meant to be taken as representing Dr Duerden's final view or those of his colleagues at the Wool Industries Research Association. In view of the unique value of much of the material the present notes are intended, therefore, to form a basis and reference, firstly, for workers engaged in the general development of any mammalian coat from a morphogenic and phylogenetic point of view, and secondly, for those interested particularly in factors concerned in the formation of different types of fleeces in sheep. The conception of the follicle bundle as a discrete and basic genetic unit largely determining the initial form of the wool staple is of the highest importance in studies on the inheritance and developmentof fleece characters.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analytical Study Of Shukra Dosha With Semen Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivanand F Kawane
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Clinical Conditions

As we know Shukra dhatu is a most essential end product of the rest of all 6 dhatus of sharira. So, an analytical comparative research study has been made on infertility(bandhatva) patients. In this study, we explain tenets of shukra dhatu and different types of shukra doshas according to Acharya Charaka and Sushruta. According to doshas 8 types of Shukra doshas explaind by acharya and 9 types of semen abnormality by modern science. An attempt has been made to correlate these shukra doshas with an abnormality of semen according to modern medical science, on the basis of clinical features, physical appearance, and laboratory examination of semen. For the study 20 patient suffering from any kind of infertility has been selected from O.P.D. of Shalya Tantra department of Arogyashala rugnalaya, Nashik. On observation, the result showed out of 20 patients , 10 patients suffering from vatapittaj, 6 from shukra kshaya, 2 from vataj and 2 from pittaj shukra dosha according to ayurvedic point of view. Simultaneously we correlate it with different clinical conditions of semen and we found Out of 20 patients, 8 suffering from Oligoasthenospermia, 6 from Oligospermia, 2 from Asthenozoospermia, 2 from Tetratazospermia, 2 from Infective semen.  

scholarly journals Commercial Banks Versus BPR: Advantages Based On Perception, Hope And Customer Interest

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Hesti Budiwati
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Lean Six Sigma ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Six Sigma Approach

Commercial banks and Bank Perkreditan Rakyat are two different types of banks whose existence in society aims to raise and channel public funds to improve people's lives. The facts show that there is a sharp competition between the two types of banks in terms of gaining public trust to become bank customer but although these two types of banks are different but still able to develop well in society. This study aims to identify the factors that become competitive advantage at Commercial Banks and Bank Perkreditan Rakyat from the customer's point of view based on customers' perceptions, expectations and interests so banks can determine competitive strategy. The approach used in this research is Lean Six Sigma approach with a sample of 60 respondents consisting of 30 customers of Commercial Banks and 30 customers of Bank Perkreditan Rakyat. Respondents will be asked to respond to research instruments based on their perceptions, expectations and interests. The results of the study there are five competitive advantages in Commercial Banks (1) promotions made, (2) reward appeal, (3) saving security, (4) cleanliness and comfort of the room, (5) friendliness, courtesy and neatness. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat obtained competitive advantage that is (1) cleanliness and comfort of the room,(2) ability and alertness of the officers, (3) friendliness, courtesy and neatness, (4) saving security, (5) familiarity  of the officer with the customer. In addition there are similarities there are interesting differences that is on the excellence of promotional activities and the attractiveness of prizes at Commercial Banks. and the familiarity of officers with customers at Bank Perkreditan Rakyat.

scholarly journals An Inventory Model with Finite Replenishment Rate, Trade Credit Policy and Price-Discount Offer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswajit Sarkar ◽  
Shib Sankar Sana ◽  
Kripasindhu Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Trade Credit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Price Discount ◽  
Price Discounts ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Demand Patterns ◽  
Best Offer ◽  
Finite Replenishment Rate ◽  
Dependent Demand

When some suppliers offer trade credit periods and price discounts to retailers in order to increase the demand of their products, retailers have to face different types of discount offers and credits within which they have to take a decision which is the best offer for them to make more profit. The retailers try to buy perfect-quality items at a reasonable price, and also they try to invest returns obtained by selling those items in such a manner that their business is not hampered. In this point of view, we consider an economic order quantity (EOQ) model for various types of time-dependent demand when delay in payment and price discount are permitted by suppliers to retailers. The models of various demand patterns are discussed analytically. Some numerical examples and graphical representations are considered to illustrate the model.

Architecture of Evolution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Packevich
Keyword(s):  
Planetary System ◽  
Conflict Situation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

The monograph, on the one hand, examines the period of development of the descending cycle of evolution and the associated progressive changes that show the irreversibility of the processes of formation of the planetary system. The end of one cycle and the beginning of another leads to the transformation of the system of life and the expansion of consciousness at a new energy level. On the other hand, the questions of potential opportunities for the development of the ascending phase of evolution, which goes both along the path of complexity of the organization and along the path of diversity, are considered. In the ascending evolutionary stream, what has been differentiated into the corresponding levels in the descending cycle is brought together and thus prepared to enter into new, more perfect forms of unity. It is shown that the development of humanity along its entire path depends on the interaction of energies of various forms and potentials. Understanding the relationships between different types of energy and their use provides insight into many important issues in the evolution of society. The material introduces the modern features of the existence of the male and female sexes from the energy point of view. The idea of a way out of the current conflict situation that has arisen between the sexes at the present stage of evolution is proposed. It will be useful for those interested in the problems of scientific knowledge, architects, philosophers,historians, physicists and methodologists of science, students and students of secondary schools.

scholarly journals Perspectives on the Use of Germinated Legumes in the Bread Making Process, A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6244
Author(s):  
Denisa Atudorei ◽  
Georgiana Gabriela Codină
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Nowadays, it may be noticed that there is an increased interest in using germinated seeds in the daily diet. This high interest is due to the fact that in a germinated form, the seeds are highly improved from a nutritional point of view with multiple benefits for the human body. The purpose of this review was to update the studies made on the possibilities of using different types of germinated legume seeds (such as lentil, chickpea, soybean, lupin, bean) in order to obtain bakery products of good quality. This review highlights the aspects related to the germination process of the seeds, the benefits of the germination process on the seeds from a nutritional point of view, and the effects of the addition of flour from germinated seeds on the rheological properties of the wheat flour dough, but also on the physico–chemical and sensory characteristics of the bakery products obtained. All these changes on the bread making process and bread quality depend on the level and type of legume seed subjected to the germination process which are incorporated in wheat flour.

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