scholarly journals The Inheritance and Change of the Contemporary Daur Shaman

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Minna Sa
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Maternal Lineage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ancestral Spirit ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Human World ◽  
Ancient Times

The Daur people are a minority living in Northeast China. They have adhered to a form of shamanism since ancient times. They believe that all things are spiritual. The Daur call an intermediary or messenger between the human world and the spirit worlds jad’ən (shaman). In addition, there are also different types of priests and healers, such as baɡʧi (healer and priest), barʃ (bone-setter), ʊtʊʃi (healer of child) and baræʧen (midwife), but only the jad’ən is a real shaman. The Daur’s system of deities is huge, complex, and diverse, mainly including təŋɡər (God of Heaven), xʊʤʊr barkən (ancestral spirit), njaŋnjaŋ barkən (Niang Niang Goddess), aʊləi barkən (spirit of mountain), nuʤir barkən (spirit of snake), ɡali barkən (God of Fire), etc. Among them, ancestral spirit is the most noble and important deity of the Daur, called xʊʤʊr barkən (spirit of ancestors). In the past, the social structure of the Daurs was based on the equal clan xal and its branches mokun. Xʊʤʊr barkən is the ancestral spirit of the mokun family. The shaman with xʊʤʊr barkən as the main patron is called xʊʤʊr jad’ən, that is, mokun shaman. The inheritance of the Daur shaman is very complicated. The xʊʤʊr jad’ən is strictly inherited along the patrilineal line, while the ordinary jad’ən can also inherit according to the maternal lineage. The inheritance rites of other types of shamans are also based mainly on the patrilineal lineage and occasionally the maternal lineage. The complexity of the Daur shaman inheritance is first and foremost related to the variety of the gods and spirits, secondly to their belief of polytheism, and finally to the constant split of the traditional clans and families, namely, the xal-mokun social structure.

Influential Nodes in Social Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 371-385
Author(s):  
Kousik Das ◽  
Rupkumar Mahapatra ◽  
Sovan Samanta ◽  
Anita Pal
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Influential Nodes

Social network is the perfect place for connecting people. The social network is a social structure formed by a set of nodes (persons, organizations, etc.) and a set of links (connection between nodes). People feel very comfortable to share news and information through a social network. This chapter measures the influential persons in different types of online and offline social networks.

Bridging the Gap between Citizens and Decision-Makers

2010 ◽  
pp. 573-586
Author(s):  
Karamagioli Evika
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness

Over the past few years the concepts of government and governance have been dramatically transformed. Not only is this due to increasing pressures and expectations that the way we are governed should reflect modern methods of efficiency and effectiveness, but also that government should be more open to democratic accountability. The following chapter will introduce the social impact dimension of e-democracy while proposing concrete directions and incentives that should be provided for engagement through electronic means. The intention is to highlight the fact that technology is the result of a combination of tools, social practices, social organizations, and cultural meanings. It not only represents social arrangements, but also has the potential to facilitate and / or limit different types of interaction.

Some Elementary Axioms for an American Culture Studies

Prospects ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 517-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene Wise
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
American Studies ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
American Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Single Thing ◽  
The Social

Since the mid-1960s and the waning of the symbol-myth-image school, American culture studies has been adrift intellectually. It has first of all lacked a grounding center—at least of the culture if not always of the social structure—gave energy and direction to Americanist symbol-myth-image studies during their heyday in the decade and a half after 1950. Lacking such a consensus since then, American culture studies have also been uprooted from the holistic rhetoric of the interdisciplinary that gave impetus to teaching and scholarship in the movement during past years. We still hear exhortations to “see the culture whole,” or to “integrate all of American experience.” But such injunctions seem out of place now, when the culture itself appears not as all of a piece, but as divided—rent with strains and gaps which make it look like not a single thing but as several. American Studies has not faced up to the intellectual consequences of this change. A brief review of the past should indicate why.

ÇAĞDAŞ SANATTA TRAVMAYLA YÜZLEŞME BAĞLAMINDA MEKTUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
Rabia Demir
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual

Events such as illness, death, violence, and war deeply affect the life of the individual or the social structure and cause radical changes and traumas. In the historical process of art, it is seen that artists are not indifferent to traumas, on the contrary, traumas constitute the center of their work. This article examines how the letter is handled as a means of communication between the artist and the audience in contemporary artworks that want to face personal or social traumas. In this context, examples of contemporary art that want to be aware of the traumas experienced, to tell them, to come to terms with the past and to achieve improvement in the name of the future, and using the letter as a means of expression, are included. In these works, where the letter is used as a means of expression and communication, the writer, reader or listener changes; the letter is written/read/listened to by the artist or the audience. Thus, the audience plays an important role as well as the letter in the emergence and completion of the work. This, in turn, turns the works into an interactive space, allowing to face the past and to realize the trauma experienced.

scholarly journals Political Persona 2016 - an Introduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. David Marshall ◽  
Neil Henderson
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Political Event ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human World ◽  
The Individual

It seems politics invades everything. We can rarely think of any activity, any building, any human-to-human interaction and not see some political dimension infiltrating and shaping it. And this very interpretation, in its language of invasion and infiltration, implies that politics’ ubiquity is not necessarily a wanted accomplice in our human world. Nonetheless, its presence is expected, its strategic intentions acknowledged and negotiated.What is interesting is that persona—at least as it has been explored and defined in Persona Studies so far—always has a political dimension. It has been identified as a strategic identity, a form of negotiation of the individual in their foray into a collective world of the social (Marshall and Barbour). Persona is a fabricated reconstruction of the individual that is used to play a role that both helps the individual navigate their presence and interactions with others and helps the collective to position the role of the individual in the social. Persona is imbued with politics at its core.In this issue of Persona Studies, we explore political persona, a characterisation roiled in redundancy if our definitions above are adopted. The essays gathered in this collection debate these definitional affinities, and augment and nuance many other dimensions that help delineate what constitutes political persona. In this introductory essay, we will use the collected work on political persona that is developed in this issue to better define political persona. But before we evaluate and identify the intersections of our contributors’ work, we want to begin our exploration with what makes political persona constitutively different today than in the past. Can we identify through some of the most prominent political personas—Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton, and Bernie Sanders in the United States’ 2016 Presidential campaign, for example—and through a study of a major political event—Brexit in 2016 in the U.K.—whether something has shifted and changed in these cultures?

Animals and humans in complex societies

Antiquity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (348) ◽  
pp. 1494-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerissa Russell
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Archaeological Theory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production Strategies ◽  
Human World ◽  
The One

Zooarchaeology, once largely confined to questions of subsistence and production strategies, has recently devoted much more attention to the social roles of animals in the past. Responding (belatedly) to trends in archaeological theory, on the one hand, and the growth of interdisciplinary animal studies, on the other, zooarchaeologists are now using animal remains to address a broader range of questions that are of interest to archaeologists and others (e.g. Gifford-Gonzalez 2007; Oma 2010; Hill 2013). The three books here exemplify this development, all using zooarchaeological data to explore the varied roles of animals in (mainly) complex societies. Each ranges widely and demonstrates the centrality of animals in the human world, and, therefore, their great potential to illuminate the workings of ancient societies. Each also integrates zooarchaeological data with many other sources of information to create a whole much greater than any of the parts. There is a little overlap in authorship, with a chapter by Sykes in Animals and inequality in the ancient world and contributions by Michael MacKinnon in both edited volumes. These common threads aside, they are quite different books, with different goals and audiences.

“In Mnemosyne’s Prison”. The Future between Religious and Political Past and Memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 367-376
Author(s):  
Mirosław Murat
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Human World

The human world is in a state in statu nascendi. Man is emocionaly suspended between history, past, memory and the future. His activity is always the result of the four pillars supporting his existence. He draws his energy from the social imaginarium of which he is a part. The foundations dynamic social space are religion and politics as well as the past and memory.

A Violent Guatemala

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Jane Duran
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Important Site

Among ethnic disasters of the past few decades, few can match in intensity or have been reported in the media more extensively than those of the Indigenous in Guatemala. The social structure of the nation—its hierarchy, driven by a light-skinned population, most of whom are ethnically mestizo but who do not identify with the purely Indigenous—its history, and its small size make it an important site for the documentation and reporting of ethnic disputes and differences.

scholarly journals Morals and Values in Homer

1970 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 121-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Long
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

For the lack of forty-nine drachmas Socrates was unable to attend the costly epideixis of Prodicus from which he would have learnt the truth about correct use of words (Plato, Cra. 384b). From Prodicus' ὥραι Socrates could also have learnt the concepts and characteristic words associated with arete and kakia: these compete in that work for the allegiance of Heracles, parading their respective characteristics. Thanks to Professor Arthur Adkins we have had for the past decade a book which not only confronts arete and kakia, but also analyses the meaning and usage of many Greek words for the evaluation of action from Homer to Aristotle. The importance of this book is generally acknowledged but it has not received the detailed discussion it deserves. Professor Adkins finds the social structure of ancient Greece inimical to the development of an adequate concept of moral responsibility. He shows, in a most interesting manner, how Greek values changed as the needs of society changed.

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