scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Parameters in Healthy Saddle Horses in Relation to Housing Conditions, Presence of Stereotypies, Age, Sex and Breed

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1670
Author(s):  
Luca Molinari ◽  
Giuseppina Basini ◽  
Roberto Ramoni ◽  
Simona Bussolati ◽  
Raffaella Aldigeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Partial Contact ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Status Differences

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of many horse diseases and it has been shown that housing has important implications for the psychophysical well-being of horses. The aim of this study is to determine if there are any differences between the redox status in horses in relation to housing conditions. The four housing conditions analyzed were: single box, without external access and without contact (Cat A), single box with external access and possibility of partial contact (Cat B), group housing with box and large paddock (Cat C), pasture with more than 7 horses and the possibility of green forage for the whole year (Cat D). A group of 117 healthy horses were selected in several private stables in Northern Italy. All subjects treated with any type of drug were excluded. At the end of the enrollment, the 117 selected horses were divided into the four housing categories. Stereotypies were highest in the group of horses in single box, without external access and without contact (Cat A). Oxidative stress was evaluated by testing plasma or serum samples for the following parameters: superoxide anion (WST), nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (d-ROMs), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Simultaneously with the blood sampling, the owners completed a questionnaire with all the management aspects of the horse (signaling, feeding, equestrian activity, vaccinations, foot management etc.). The statistical evaluation was carried out based on the categories previously described, on the presence and absence of stereotypies and on some signaling data obtained from the questionnaire. There were no significant differences in the parameters analyzed between the categories. No significant redox status differences were detected based on the presence or absence of stereotypies. Interestingly, when the age was introduced as selection (<14 and >14 years old) parameter inside the categories, statistical significance was observed for some of the stress markers considered. Finally, independently of the housing conditions, the horses of the most two represented breeds exhibited different values of FRAP. All these aspects are commented in the discussion.

scholarly journals Is There A Relationship Between The Umbilical Cord Coiling Index And Oxidative Stress Markers And SGA Fetuses?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 310-314
Author(s):  
Gul Nihal Buyuk ◽  
Zeynep Asli Oskovi Kaplan ◽  
Umit Yasemin Sert ◽  
Inci Halilzade ◽  
Salim Neselioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Thiol Homeostasis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Umbilical Cords ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between umblical coiling index and thiol/disulfide balance in SGA newborns to compare with AGA newborns. Material and Methods: Fetal umbilical cord serum samples were collected during labour and the thiol/disulfide homeostasis was measured. After birth, umbilical cords were collected and cord parameters were examined including, length, number of coils, umbilical cord index. Results: Significant decrease in native thiol, total thiol, and a significant increase in disulfide, disulfide/native thiol ratio and disulfide/total thiol ratios were observed in the study group while native thiol/total thiol ratio levels of the two groups did not reach to a statistical significance. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that SGA babies had altered thiol homeostasis in favor of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical Supplementation Ameliorates Visual Function, Retinal Degeneration, and Redox Status in rd10 Mice

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Lorena Olivares-González ◽  
Sheyla Velasco ◽  
Isabel Campillo ◽  
David Salom ◽  
Emilio González-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Inherited Retinal Dystrophies ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Retinal Dystrophies ◽  
Progressive Degeneration ◽  
Light Stimuli

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal dystrophies characterized by progressive degeneration of photoreceptor cells. Ocular redox status is altered in RP suggesting oxidative stress could contribute to their progression. In this study, we investigated the effect of a mixture of nutraceuticals with antioxidant properties (NUT) on retinal degeneration in rd10 mice, a model of RP. Methods: NUT was orally administered to rd10 mice from postnatal day (PD) 9 to PD18. At PD18 retinal function and morphology were examined by electroretinography (ERG) and histology including TUNEL assay, immunolabeling of microglia, Müller cells, and poly ADP ribose polymers. Retinal redox status was determined by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes and some oxidative stress markers. Gene expression of the cytokines IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1β was assessed by real-time PCR. Results: NUT treatment delayed the loss of photoreceptors in rd10 mice partially preserving their electrical responses to light stimuli. Moreover, it ameliorated redox status and reduced inflammation including microglia activation, upregulation of cytokines, reactive gliosis, and PARP overactivation. Conclusions: NUT ameliorated retinal functionality and morphology at early stages of RP in rd10 mice. This formulation could be useful as a neuroprotective approach for patients with RP in the future.

scholarly journals Basic Studies on the Oxidative Stress Markers in Two Types of Horse Breed: Semi-isolated Population of Huculs Is Different from Commercially Used Arabian Horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Bażanów ◽  
Elżbieta Chełmecka ◽  
Ewa Romuk ◽  
Dominika M. Stygar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Basic Studies ◽  
Oxidant Status

Hucul and Arabian horses differ in the physiological constitution and exposition to environmental conditions. Oxidative stress plays a pathogenic role in many diseases and enables further injuries. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidative stress markers in Hucul horses living in seminatural conditions and in commercially handled Arabian horses. We tested the serum samples for total superoxide dismutase (total SOD), Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), and Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity; for lipofuscin (LPS), ceruloplasmin (CER) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration; and for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS). Total SOD (p<0.001), MnSOD (p<0.001), and CuZnSOD (p<0.001) activities were significantly higher whereas LPS (p<0.05), TAC (p<0.001), TOS (p<0.001), and MDA (p<0.001) concentrations were significantly lower in the serum samples collected from Huculs vs. Arabian horses, regardless of the gender. Gender, regardless of the breed, had no significant impact on the antioxidants’ activity and concentration. Total SOD and MnSOD activities were significantly higher in Hucul’s mares when compared to Hucul’s stallions. Concentrations of TAC and TOS were significantly lower in Arabian stallions than in Arabian mares. Commercially handled horses expressed a higher level of oxidative stress markers in comparison to breeds living in seminatural conditions. We conclude that antioxidants are important biomarkers of animal health, whether they are under maintenance care or performing physical exercise.

scholarly journals Sequential Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers and Vitamin C Status in Acute Bacterial Osteomyelitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Grbic ◽  
Dijana J Miric ◽  
Bojana Kisic ◽  
Ljiljana Popovic ◽  
Vojkan Nestorovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

In bacterial bone infections, excessively formed oxidants may result in local and systemic oxidative stress. Vitamin C is the major extracellular nonenzymatic antioxidant, also implicated in bone cells metabolism and viability. The physiological functions of vitamin C largely depend on its redox status. We sequentially assessed oxidative stress markers, hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant activity (AOA), total vitamin C, ascorbic acid (Asc), and oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio in 137 patients with acute osteomyelitis (OM). Compared to 52 healthy controls, in OM group baseline serum hydroperoxides, MDA and oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio were higher whilst Asc and AOA were lower (P < 0.05, resp.). On the other side, total vitamin C levels in patients and controls were similar(P > 0.05), thereby suggesting a relative rather than absolute vitamin C deficiency in OM. During the follow-up, oxidative stress markers, AOA, and oxidizedreduced vitamin C ratio were gradually returned to normal, while there was no apparent change of total vitamin C concentrations. Persistently high values of oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio and serum MDA were found in subacute OM. In conclusion, acute OM was associated with enhanced systemic oxidative stress and the shift of vitamin C redox status towards oxidized forms.

scholarly journals Anti-allergic activities of Umbelliferone against histamine- and Picryl chloride-induced ear edema by targeting Nrf2/iNOS signaling in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younas ◽  
Ashrafullah Khan ◽  
Omer Shehzad ◽  
Eun Kyoung Seo ◽  
Alev Onder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Giemsa Staining ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Picryl Chloride

Abstract Background The current study was aimed to investigate the anti-allergic activities of the Umbelliferone (UMB) against the acute Histamine and chronic Picryl chloride (PiCl)-induced allergy in mice. UMB is a coumarin derivative (isolated from Angelica decursiva) found in various parts of the plants such as flowers, roots and, stems isolated from the plants of Umbelliferae family. Methods The UMB (1, 10, 50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p) half an h before or 2 h after the induction of allergic ear edema. The acute ear edema was induced by histamine (intradermally, i.d), while the chronic ear edema was induced by painting the PiCl (sensitized with the toluene) on the ear. The antioxidants and oxidative stress markers were assessed. The histological changes were assessed using Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and giemsa staining. The immunohistochemistry studies were performed to assess the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA tests followed by Tukey’s test with p < 0.05 was chosen as criteria for statistical significance. Results UMB treatment markedly reduced the allergic ear edema and ear weight compared to the negative control. Furthermore, the UMB attenuated the oxidative stress markers, while induced the antioxidants enzymes. Similarly, the UMB treatment significantly attenuated the serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) level. The UMB treatment markedly improved the histological parameters using H and E staining and Giemsa staining. The UMB administration induced the Nrf2 expression, while attenuated the iNOS expression. Furthermore, the computational analysis was performed to assess the interaction of the UMB with the various protein targets and to determine the mechanism of interaction with the target proteins. Conclusion In conclusion, the UMB treatment significantly alleviated the allergic symptoms, attenuating the oxidative stress, improved the histological features using in vivo and computational approaches.

scholarly journals Significance of Elevated Blood Metal Ion Levels in Patients with Metal-on-Metal Prostheses: An Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Tkaczyk ◽  
Alain Petit ◽  
John Antoniou ◽  
David J Zukor ◽  
Maryam Tabrizian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metal On Metal ◽  
Significant Difference

It is widely known that cobalt and chromium ions can enhance the production of reactive oxygen species, known to be damaging to cells by disturbing their redox status and then generating oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to determine if increased metal ion levels induce a state of oxidative stress in patients with metal-on-metal (MM) hip arthroplasty. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in the concentration of oxidative stress markers (total antioxidants, peroxides, and nitrated proteins) in the patients with MM bearings compared to patients without prostheses. The activity antioxidant enzymes was stable (catalase and glutathione peroxidase) or slightly decreased (superoxide dismutase and heme oxygenase-1) over time. This work is the first to determine the biological effects of metal ions released from MM hip implants with regards to mid-term systemic oxidative stress and showed that the increased levels of Co and Cr ions are not associated with significant oxidative stress damage in the plasma of patients with these implants.

scholarly journals Time Course of Changes in Serum Oxidative Stress Markers to Predict Outcomes for Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Yasuchika Aoki ◽  
Junya Saito ◽  
Arata Nakajima ◽  
Masato Sonobe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Cord Injury

Recent reports indicate that oxidative stress is involved in the pathobiology of acute spinal cord injury or compression myelopathy. We conducted an observational study to determine levels of oxidative stress markers in serum from 80 patients who underwent spinal surgery to treat neurological symptoms related to lumbar degenerative disorders. Serum samples were collected before surgery and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery. Derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) in the serum samples were measured to gauge the level of oxidative stress. For preoperative neurological evaluation, patients were assessed for motor weakness in the lower extremities. We divided the patient samples into two groups: ROM decreasing at 1 year after surgery (G group) and ROM increasing at 1 year after surgery (W group). Then, we evaluated clinical outcomes using the visual analog scale and Oswestry disability index (ODI). Among the samples from the 80 enrolled patients, mean ROM levels before surgery increased to 388.5 ± 92.0 , indicating the presence of moderate oxidative stress. The level of ROM gradually decreased after surgery and 1 year after surgery: the levels had significantly decreased to 367.6 ± 83.3 ( p < 0.05 ). In patients who exhibited motor weakness, ROM values were significantly increased compared to those patients who had no motor weakness ( p < 0.05 ). In analyses of clinical outcomes, ODI values for the W group 1 year after surgery were significantly higher than those for the G group ( p < 0.05 ). Moderate oxidative stress was present in patients who had lumbar degenerative disorders and the degree of oxidative stress gradually improved within 1 year after surgery. The clinical results suggest that neurogenic oxidative stress can be mitigated by surgery for patients with lumbar degenerative disorders, and residual oxidative stress reflects poor surgical outcomes.

scholarly journals Effects of estrogens on oxidative protein damage in plasma and tissues in ovariectomised rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Topçuoglu ◽  
H Uzun ◽  
H Balci ◽  
M Karakus ◽  
I Çoban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Damage ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Oxidative Protein Damage ◽  
Norethisterone Acetate ◽  
Oxidation Parameters

Purpose: To assess estrogen-related changes in the redox status of the brain and liver proteins as well as the systemic oxidative stress in ovarectomised (OVX) rats Methods: Twelve-week-old, sexually mature female Sprague–Dawley rats (200-250g) were randomly divided into four groups: The following treatment combinations were administrated daily to all in 0.05 ml 96% ethanol solution by gastric gavage. (1) Sham operation (2) OVX rats (3) OVX rats [0.02 mg/kg/day of 17?-estradiol (E2) and 0.01 mg/kg/day of norethisterone acetate] (4) OVX rats [E2 (0.01 mg/kg/day) and drospirenon (0.02 mg/kg/day)]. Estrogen levels were determined using routine clinical-chemistry methods. We also measured protein oxidation parameters such as protein carbonyl (PCO), total thiol (T-SH) and the other oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Results: Ovariectomy resulted in abnormal elevation of plasma and tissue oxidative stress markers and changes in redox status of the proteins in tissue dependent manner. Supplementation of various estrogens combinations partially alleviated these abnormalities and restored redox homeostasis of proteins after the ovariectomy. Among the studied protein oxidation parameters, plasma and tissue PCO levels of the OVX rats were higher than those of the control groups (P < 0.01). Hormone replacement therapies (HRT) caused a decrease in PCO and MDA in both plasma and tissue of the OVX rats (P < 0.01). HRT in OVX rats decreased plasma MDA and increased liver and brain GSH (P < 0.01). Liver MDA levels of the Drospirenon-treated rats were lower than in the norethisterone acetate group (P < 0.01). On the other hand, Drospirenon increases brain GSH s more effectively than norethisterone acetate (P < 0.01). After bilateral oopherectomy, plasma and tissue T-SH levels decreased in the OVX group compared with control (P < 0.01). Norethisterone acetate increased plasma T-SH more effectively than Drospirenon (P < 0.05) Conclusions: The study showed the extent of oxidative protein damage (OPD) in this model of estrogen deficiency. The protective effect of estrogens against tissue specific OPD suggests that estrogens play an important role within the antioxidant defense systems in plasma, liver and brain. The exact molecular mechanisms leading to these findings are not yet completely known. Meanwhile, hormone replacement therapy for the prevention of OPD in a tissue specific manner may be required.

scholarly journals Simultaneous evaluation of antioxidative serum profiles facilitates the diagnostic screening of autism spectrum disorder in under-6-year-old children

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aki Hirayama ◽  
Keisuke Wakusawa ◽  
Toru Fujioka ◽  
Keiko Iwata ◽  
Noriyoshi Usui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Alkoxyl Radical ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Oxygen Scavenging ◽  
Children With Asd

AbstractThis case–control study aimed to assess oxidative stress alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We used the MULTIS method, an electron spin resonance-based technique measuring multiple free radical scavenging activities simultaneously, in combination with conventional oxidative stress markers to investigate the ability of this MULTIS approach as a non-behavioural diagnostic tool for children with ASD. Serum samples of 39 children with ASD and 58 age-matched children with typical development were analysed. The ASD group showed decreased hydroxyl radical (·OH) and singlet oxygen scavenging activity with increased serum coenzyme Q10 oxidation rate, indicating a prooxidative tendency in ASD. By contrast, scavenging activities against superoxide (O2·−) and alkoxyl radical (RO·) were increased in the ASD group suggesting antioxidative shifts. In the subgroup analysis of 6-year-olds or younger, the combination of ·OH, O2·−, and RO· scavenging activities predicted ASD with high odds ratio (50.4), positive likelihood (12.6), and percentage of correct classification (87.0%). Our results indicate that oxidative stress in children with ASD is not simply elevated but rather shows a compensatory shift. MULTIS measurements may serve as a very powerful non-behavioural tool for the diagnosis of ASD in children.

scholarly journals Glycine Increases Insulin Sensitivity and Glutathione Biosynthesis and Protects against Oxidative Stress in a Model of Sucrose-Induced Insulin Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed El-Hafidi ◽  
Martha Franco ◽  
Angélica Ruiz Ramírez ◽  
José Santamaria Sosa ◽  
José Antonio Pineda Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Glutathione Biosynthesis ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Glutamylcysteine Synthetase ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress and redox status play a central role in the link between insulin resistance (IR) and lipotoxicity in metabolic syndrome. This mechanistic link may involve alterations in the glutathione redox state. We examined the effect of glycine supplementation to diet on glutathione biosynthesis, oxidative stress, IR, and insulin cell signaling in liver from sucrose-fed (SF) rats characterized by IR and oxidative stress. Our hypothesis is that the correction of glutathione levels by glycine treatment leads to reduced oxidative stress, a mechanism associated with improved insulin signaling and IR. Glycine treatment decreases the levels of oxidative stress markers in liver from SF rats and increases the concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and γ-glutamylcysteine and the amount of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), a key enzyme of GSH biosynthesis in liver from SF rats. In liver from SF rats, glycine also decreases the insulin-induced phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (ISR-1) in serine residue and increases the phosphorylation of insulin receptor β-subunit (IR-β) in tyrosine residue. Thus, supplementing diets with glycine to correct GSH deficiency and to reduce oxidative stress provides significant metabolic benefits to SF rats by improving insulin sensitivity.

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