scholarly journals Spectroscopic Examination and Chemometric Analysis of Essential Oils Obtained from Peppermint Herb (Mentha piperita L.) and Caraway Fruit (Carum carvi L.) Subjected to Pulsed Electric Fields

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Urszula Sadowska ◽  
Arkadiusz Matwijczuk ◽  
Agnieszka Niemczynowicz ◽  
Tomasz Dróżdż ◽  
Andrzej Żabiński
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Electric Pulses ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer

In the food industry, the pulsed electric field (PEF) technique is used to support the process of extraction of various substances. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a number of PEF pulses applied to peppermint and caraway on both the content of essential oils (EO) and their spectroscopic properties. The examined herb species were placed in a special vessel in the working chamber of the device between two electrodes providing high voltage electric pulses. The pulses were delivered 0, 150, 250, and 350 times per a studied sample of each herb. Essential oils were then obtained by way of hydrodistillation. The infrared spectra for all samples were measured using an FTIR spectrometer in the spectral range of 3700–730 cm−1. The applied electric field of a predetermined number of pulses had no significant effect on the amount of distilled essential oil from caraway fruit, while in the case of peppermint, it caused a slight decrease in relation to the raw material not subjected to PEF exposure. It was found that the analysis of infrared spectra made it possible to compare the quality of the obtained oils with each other and to pre-determine their compositions.

scholarly journals Electric Pulses Can Influence Galvanotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Yu Gu ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Zhipeng Liu ◽  
Bing Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Pulse Electric Field ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Electric Pulses ◽  
Electric Stimulator ◽  
Pulse Electric

Galvanotaxis, or electrotaxis, plays an essential role in wound healing, embryogenesis, and nerve regeneration. Up until now great efforts have been made to identify the underlying mechanism related to galvanotaxis in various cells under direct current electric field (DCEF) in laboratory studies. However, abundant clinical research shows that non-DCEFs including monopolar or bipolar electric field may also contribute to wound healing and regeneration, although the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we designed a novel electric stimulator and applied DCEF, pulsed DCEF (pDCEF), and bipolar pulse electric field (bpEF) to the cells of Dictyostelium discoideum. The cells had better directional performance under asymmetric 90% duty cycle pDCEF and 80% duty cycle bpEF compared to DCEF, with 10 Hz frequency electric fields eliciting a better cell response than 5 Hz. Interestingly, electrically neutral 50% duty cycle bpEF triggered the highest migration speed, albeit in random directions. The results suggest that electric pulses are vital to galvanotaxis and non-DCEF is promising in both basic and clinical researches.

scholarly journals Utilization of Ozone for the Improvement of Mentha piperita L. Quality by Reduction of Microbial Load and Impact of the Process on the Herb Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Piotr Antos ◽  
Tomasz Piechowiak ◽  
Krzysztof Tereszkiewicz ◽  
Maciej Balawejder
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Mentha Piperita

AbstractHerbs can be contaminated with microorganisms, which affects their quality while increasing the risk of food poisoning. Thus, there is a need for efficient decontamination techniques. In this study, the microbial load was reduced in peppermint herb (Mentha piperita L.) exposed to ozone at 10 ppm for 60 minutes. The quality of the ozonated herb was assessed by the determination of microbial load and essential oils content. Total microbial content was reduced by 4 log cfu g−1 of the microorganisms whereas the contamination with molds was reduced from 10.07 log cfu g−1 of the microorganisms to zero. Moreover, sensory evaluation of the herb aroma was conducted. These characteristics were not significantly affected by the treatment. Therefore, ozone can be used to improve the peppermint herb quality by reduction of the microbial contamination of peppermint herb while having no adverse effect on the herb aroma.

Coatings comprising chitosan and Mentha piperita L. or Mentha×villosa Huds essential oils to prevent common postharvest mold infections and maintain the quality of cherry tomato fruit

2015 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Conceição Dantas Guerra ◽  
Priscila Dinah Lima de Oliveira ◽  
Alline Lima de Souza Pontes ◽  
Ana Sílvia Suassuna Carneiro Lúcio ◽  
Josean Fechine Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Cherry Tomato

scholarly journals Tubulin as a sensitive target of nanosecond-scale intense electric field: quantitative insights from molecular dynamics simulations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Marracino ◽  
Daniel Havelka ◽  
Jiří Průša ◽  
Micaela Liberti ◽  
Jack A. Tuszynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Electric Pulses ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Tubulin Protein

AbstractIntense pulsed electric fields are known to act at the cell membrane level and are already being exploited in biomedical and biotechnological applications. However, it is not clear if intra-cellular components such as cytoskeletal proteins could be directly influenced by electric pulses within biomedically-attainable parameters. If so, a molecular mechanism of action could be uncovered for therapeutic applications of such electric fields. To help clarify this question, we first identified that a tubulin heterodimer is a natural biological target for intense electric fields due to its exceptional electric properties and crucial roles played in cell division. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we then demonstrated that an intense - yet experimentally attainable - electric field of nanosecond duration can affect the β-tubulin’s C-terminus conformations and also influence local electrostatic properties at the GTPase as well as the binding sites of major tubulin drugs site. Our results suggest that intense nanosecond electric pulses could be used for physical modulation of microtubule dynamics. Since a nanosecond pulsed electric field can penetrate the tissues and cellular membranes due to its broadband spectrum, our results are also potentially significant for the development of novel therapeutic protocols.Author summaryα/β-tubulin heterodimers are the basic building blocks of microtubules, that form diverse cellular structures responsible for essential cell functions such as cell division and intracellular transport. The ability of tubulin protein to adopt distinct conformations contributes to control the architecture of microtubule networks, microtubule-associated proteins, and motor proteins; moreover, it regulates microtubule growth, shrinkage, and the transitions between these states. Previous recent molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the interaction of the tubulin protein macrodipole with external electric field modifies orientation and conformations of key loops involved in lateral contacts: as a result, the stability of microtubules can be modulated by such fields. In this study, we seek to exploit these findings by investigating the possibility of fine-tuning the dipolar properties of binding sites of major drugs, by means of the action of electric fields. This may open the way to control tubulin-drug interactions using electric fields, thus modulating and altering the biological functions relative to the molecular vectors of microtubule assembly or disassembly. The major finding of our study reveals that intense (> 20 MV/m) ultra-short (30 ns) electric fields induce changes in the major residues of selected binding sites in a field strength-dependent manner.

The antimicrobial effect of thyme and rosemary essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes in sous vide turkey meat during storage

10.5219/1655 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 575-584
Author(s):  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Simona Kunová ◽  
Peter Haščík ◽  
Karol Pietrzyk ◽  
Maciej Kluz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Turkey Meat ◽  
Sous Vide ◽  
The Impact

The research was aimed to study the impact of sous vide thermal treatment on the microbiological quality of fresh turkey breast meat after treatment with thyme and rosemary EOs and the survival of Listeria monocytogenes on the turkey meat samples. The samples were vacuum-packed and cooked at 55 °C, 60 °C, and 65 °C for 5, 15, 30 and, 60 min. There was an amount of 5 g (5 ±0.2 g) of the sample placed in PA/PE film bags and inoculated with 100 μL of L. monocytogenes inoculum. The sample was incubated at 37 °C for 18 h after bag sealing. The samples were tested on the 1st and 3rd days of experiments. The microbiological quality of fresh turkey breast meat was assessed by the detection of total microbial counts and meat microbiota was identified by mass spectrometry using MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics, Germany). Microbial counts differed significantly depending on temperature and time and the microbial counts ranged from 2.21 log cfu.g-1 to 8.26 log cfu.g-1 on the 1st and 3rd day of the experiment. The study shows that the sous vide method with essential oils combination is an effective method and it can be used to protect the microbiota of turkey meat and L. monocytogens survival, however, the quality of raw material is crucial.

Simulation of Particles’ Activity in Discharge Channel of PMEDM

2007 ◽  
Vol 10-12 ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gang Wang ◽  
Fu Ling Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Discharge Channel ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Edm Process ◽  
Powder Mixed Edm

Powder mixed EDM can effectively improve the surface quality of a machined workpiece. In order to study the mechanism of powder mixed EDM process, particles’ activities in working conditions are simulated and corresponding experiments are done. A 3D electric fields model described by finite element method of the particles suspended in working fluid in the electric field is built, the generated field is computed and presented, and the activities of particles in the breakdown process are analyzed. The results show that this method can serve as a good way to learn the activities of particles in the breakdown of discharge.

scholarly journals The Effects of Electric Field Dynamics on the Quality of Large-Area Nanofibrous Layers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1968
Author(s):  
Marek Pokorný ◽  
Jan Klemeš ◽  
Adéla Kotzianová ◽  
Martin Fogl ◽  
Anna Zítková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Roll Design ◽  
Average Area ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Pharmaceutical Applications ◽  
Moving Body

This paper presents technological modifications of an electrostatic spinning device, which significantly increase the thickness homogeneity (i.e., quality) of produced layers by creating auxiliary dynamic electric fields in the vicinity of the spinning and collector electrodes. A moving body was installed above the needleless spinning electrode, which destabilized the standing wave occurring on the free surface of the spinning solution. Furthermore, an endless belt design was used for the collector electrode instead of a roll-to-roll design, which made it possible to substantially increase the surface speed of the substrate and, therefore, the dynamics of the electric field at the place of collection of the fibers being spun. As a result, the coefficient of variation of the area weight of 912 samples cut out from the deposited nanofibrous layer, which was (1000 × 500) mm2 in size and had an average area weight of (17.2 ± 0.8) g/m2, was less than 4.5%. These results were obtained only when the dynamics of both the spinning and collector electrodes were increased at the same time. These modifications resulted in a significant increase in the quality of deposited nanofibrous layers up to the standard required for their use in pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Avaliação de óleos essenciais na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica em sementes e mudas de Schinus molle

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (85) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Kamila Cardoso Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Rocha Reda ◽  
Graziela Piveta ◽  
Flávio Augusto De Oliveira Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
And Control ◽  
Paper Method

O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito dos óleos essenciais de Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon nardus e Eucalyptus globulus, na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes e mudas de Schinus molle L. As sementes foram tratadas com os óleos essenciais nas concentrações de 10%, em 1 μL g-1 de sementes, 20% , em 2 μL g-1 de sementes, 30%, em 3 μL g-1 de sementes e o tratamento controle. Após os tratamentos, as sementes foram avaliadas pelo teste de sanidade, utilizando-se o método do papel de filtro (“blotter test”) e pelo teste de germinação, onde as sementes foram colocadas entre substrato vermiculita. Para as contagens, foram consideradas sementes germinadas e sementes mortas. Na avaliação da qualidade das mudas, mediu-se o comprimento da parte aérea, raízes, altura total e diâmetro do colo. A utilização dos óleos essenciais de citronela e menta reduziu a incidência dos diferentes patógenos presentes nas sementes de S. molle. O óleo essencial de menta a 20% e 30 % favoreceu a germinação das sementes. O óleo essencial de eucalipto, em qualquer concentração, aumentou o crescimento das mudas.Evaluation of essential oils in health and physiological quality of Schinus molle seeds and seedlingsThe objective was to evaluate the effect of Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus globules essential oils, in sanitary and physiological quality of Schinus molle L. seeds and seedlings. The seeds were treated with essential oils at concentrations of 10%, on 1 μL g-1, 20%, on 2 μL g-1, 30% , on 3 μL g-1 and control. After treatments, seeds were evaluated by sanity test, using filter paper method (“blotter test”) and by germination test, where the seeds were placed between vermiculite substrate. For counts, sprouted and dead seeds were considered. Shoot length, root, total height and stem diameter were measured for seedlings evaluation. The use of citronella and mint essential oils reduced the incidence of different pathogens in S. molle seeds. Mint essential oil at 20% and 30% were effective to promote seeds germination. Eucalyptus essential oil in any concentration was efficient to increase seedlings growth.Index terms: Mentha piperita; Cymbopogon nardus; Eucalyptus globulus 

scholarly journals Research on Lemongrass Oil Extraction Technology (Hydrodistillation, Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thien Hien Tran ◽  
Duy Chinh Nguyen ◽  
Thuong Nhan Nguyen Phu ◽  
Van Thi Thanh Ho ◽  
Dai Viet Nguyen Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Lemongrass Oil ◽  
Water Ratio

Microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD) is preferred to traditional extraction methods due to shorter extraction time, the inability of volatile components to be damaged or decomposed which in turn improve the efficiency and quality of essential oils. In this research, we investigated the parameters that affect the extraction of lemongrass oil process by MAHD method and compare with those of hydro-distillation (HD) method. Four parameters were identified which are: raw material size, raw material to water ratio, extraction time and microwave power. The results show that the optimum condition for determining the lemongrass essential oil content is 20 mm in the 90 min extraction time with a microwave power of 450 W at raw material to water ratio of 1:3 (g/mL). When compared to the HD method, we found that the yield lemongrass oil of MAHD method is 0.35% on 90 min and the yield of HD method is 0.2% on 360 min. The quality of oil samples at different extraction method was evaluated by determining their chemical constituents through GC-MS. The highest identified component is Citral with 93.28% for MAHD, while the HD was 83.85%. Therefore, MAHD method is highly efficient and shorten the time needed for the extraction of essential oils.

scholarly journals The variability of secondary metabolites in mentha × piperita cv . ‘perpeta’ during the development of inflorescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fialová ◽  
D. Tekeľová ◽  
E. Švajdlenka ◽  
P. Potúček ◽  
K. Jakubová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Phenolic Substances

AbstractMentha × piperita (L.) Huds. of the family Lamiaceae is a very important species for commercial exploitation due to the high content of essential oil. Besides the essential oils, there are also other significant secondary metabolites in peppermint, especially flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic derivatives. In this study, we evaluate the variability of essential oil constituents and of phenolic compounds in the leaves of M. × piperita during the development of inflorescence. Similar studies, dealing with the variation of the essential oils and its composition, have been performed in the past, but no attention was paid to the variation of other secondary metabolites. We examined M. × piperita cv. ‘Perpeta’, the domestic cultivar. The plants were cultivated in the climatic conditions of south-west Slovakia. The contents of secondary metabolites were investigated in the week periods, from the beginning of inflorescence formation to the end of flowering. The yield and the quality of essential oil have been carried out by distillation and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phenolic substances were analysed using spectrophotometric methods according to European Pharmacopoeia. The highest contents of phenolic substances have been found in leaves of plants during the flowering phenophase, the same stage when essential oil of mint also achieves the highest quality.

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