scholarly journals Control Strategy for Inverter Air Conditioners under Demand Response

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbo Che ◽  
Jianxiong Yang ◽  
Yuancheng Zhao ◽  
Siyuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Thermal Parameter ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Storage Model

Air conditioning loads are important resources for demand response. With the help of thermal energy storage capacity, they can reduce peak load, improve the reliability of power grid operations, and enhance the emergency capacity of a power grid, without affecting the comfort of the users. In this paper, a virtual energy storage model for inverter air conditioning loads, which reflects their operating characteristics and is more conducive to practical application, is established. Two parts are involved in the virtual energy storage model: An electrical parameter part, based on the operating characteristics, and a thermal parameter part, based on the equivalent thermal parameter model. The control function and restrictive conditions of the virtual energy storage are analyzed and a control strategy, based on virtual state-of-charge ranking, is proposed. The strategy controls the inverter air conditioners through re-assigning indoor temperature set-points within the pre-agreed protocol interval and gives priority those with a higher virtual state of charge. As a result, electric power consumption is reduced while the temperature remains unchanged, so that a shortage in the power system can be compensated for as much as possible, while the comfort of users is guaranteed. Simulation and example analyses show that the strategy is effective in controlling air conditioning loads. Additionally, the influences of load reduction target magnitude and communication time-step on the performance of the control strategy are analyzed.

scholarly journals Control Strategy of Constant-Speed Air-Conditioners Based on Virtual State of Charging Priority

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yanbo Che ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Yuancheng Zhao ◽  
Ruiping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Energy Conversion And Storage ◽  
Control Load ◽  
Thermostatically Controlled Loads ◽  
Load Regulation

As typical thermostatically controlled loads (TCL) driven by constant-speed compressor, constant-speed air-conditioners play important roles in demand-side response for their abilities of energy conversion and storage. Their great potential for load regulation can be incorporated into power system scheduling through demand response. In view of their operating characteristics, a virtual energy storage (VES) model of thermostatically controlled loads with electrical and thermal parameters is established. This model is discretized and linearized to simplify calculation. By analyzing the control function and constraints of the VES model, the control strategy of VES of constant-speed air-conditioners load with virtual charging state priority is proposed. Example analysis shows that this strategy can solve and alleviate power shortage problem of the system by participating in demand response, which provides methodological support for constant-speed compressor temperature-control load to participate in the system operation.

scholarly journals Control Strategy of Electric Heating Loads for Reducing Power Shortage in Power Grid

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyuan Xue ◽  
Yanbo Che ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Yuancheng Zhao ◽  
Ruiping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Thermal Parameter ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Priority List ◽  
Heating Loads

With the development of demand response technology, it is possible to reduce power shortages caused by loads participating in power grid dispatching. Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, and taking full account of the virtual energy storage characteristics presented during electro-thermal conversion, a virtual energy storage model suitable for electric heating loads with different electrical and thermal parameters is proposed in this paper. To avoid communication congestion and simplify calculations, the model is processed by discretization and linearization. To simplify the model, a control strategy for electric heating load, based on the virtual state ofcharge priority list, is proposed. This paper simulates and analyzes a control example, explores the relevant theoretical basis affecting the control effect, and puts forward an optimization scheme for the control strategy. The simulation example proved that the proposed method in this paper can reduce power storage in the grid over a long period of time and can realize a power response in the grid.

scholarly journals Cooperative Operation Schedules of Energy Storage System and Demand Response Resources Considering Urban Railway Load Characteristic under a Time-of-Use Tariff

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1273-1284
Author(s):  
Hye Ji Kim ◽  
Hosung Jung ◽  
Young Jun Ko ◽  
Eun Su Chae ◽  
Hyo Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Linear Problem ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Peak Reduction ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Charging And Discharging Processes

AbstractThis paper proposes an algorithm for the cooperative operation of air conditioning facilities and the energy storage system (ESS) in railway stations to minimize electricity. Unlike traditional load patterns, load patterns of an urban railway station can peak where energy charge rates are not high. Due to this possibility, if applying the traditional peak-reduction algorithm to railway loads, energy changes can increase, resulting in higher electricity bills. Therefore, it is required to develop a new method for minimizing the sum of capacity charges and energy charges, which is a non-linear problem. To get a feasible solution for this problem, we suggest an algorithm that optimizes the facility operation through two optimizations (primary and secondary). This method is applied to the air-quality change model for operating air conditioning facilities as demand-response (DR) resources in railway stations. This algorithm makes it possible to estimate operable DR capacity every hour, rather than calculating the capacity of DR resources conservatively in advance. Finally, we perform a simulation for the application of the proposed method to the operation of DR resources and ESS together. The simulation shows that electricity bills become lowered, and the number of charging and discharging processes of ESS is also reduced.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Distributed Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Mobile Energy Storage Clusters

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Wu ◽  
Yu-Qing Bao ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Jinlong Zhang ◽  
Beibei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distributed Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Storage Unit

The stability problem of the power system becomes increasingly important for the penetration of renewable energy resources (RESs). The inclusion of electric vehicles (EVs) in a power system can not only promote the consumption of RESs, but also provide energy for the power grid if necessary. As a mobile energy storage unit (MESU), EVs should pay more attention to the service life of their batteries during operation. A hierarchical distributed control strategy was proposed in this paper for mobile energy storage clusters (MESCs) considering the life loss of each EV’s battery. This strategy was divided into a two-layer control structure. Firstly, numerous EVs were divided into different clusters according to their regional relationships. The lower layer adopted a distributed collaborative control approach for allocating energy among EVs in the cluster. Under this condition, an aggregate EVs response model was established and the characteristic of the MESC was analyzed. Secondly, the upper layer applied the multi-agent consensus algorithm to achieve the optimal allocation among different clusters. Therefore, the control strategy realized the two-way communication of energy between EVs and the power grid, and ensured the optimal economical dispatch for the mobile energy storage system (MESS). Finally, the simulation of testing examples verified the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

scholarly journals Virtual energy storage model of air conditioning loads for providing regulation service

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongli Ji ◽  
Qingshan Xu ◽  
Kaining Luan ◽  
Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Storage Model

scholarly journals Joint Virtual Energy Storage Modeling with Electric Vehicle Participation in Energy Local Area Smart Grid

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Rui-Cheng Dai ◽  
Bi Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Di Zhang ◽  
Jun-Wei Yu ◽  
Bo Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Rolling Optimization

In this research, the joint virtual energy storage modeling with electric vehicle participation in energy local area Smart Grid is considered. This article first constructs a virtual energy storage model and a joint virtual energy storage model for air conditioning and electric vehicles. Therefore, for the optimization problem of virtual energy storage power, a continuous rolling optimization algorithm to determine the feasible solution of the high-dimensional complex constraint optimization problem is proposed to solve the optimization problem. Finally, the analysis, for example, illustrates the economics of joint virtual energy storage in the Smart Grid. The results prove that air conditioning and electric vehicles have the ability to jointly participate in virtual energy storage, and the comparison proves that joint virtual energy storage can effectively improve the economics of electricity consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document