scholarly journals Polylactide, Processed by a Foaming Method Using Compressed Freon R134a, for Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3453
Author(s):  
María Aguado ◽  
Laura Saldaña ◽  
Eduardo Pérez del Río ◽  
Judith Guasch ◽  
Marc Parera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Polymer Matrices ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Polymeric Scaffolds ◽  
Gas Foaming

Fabricating polymeric scaffolds using cost-effective manufacturing processes is still challenging. Gas foaming techniques using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) have attracted attention for producing synthetic polymer matrices; however, the high-pressure requirements are often a technological barrier for its widespread use. Compressed 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, known as Freon R134a, offers advantages over CO2 in manufacturing processes in terms of lower pressure and temperature conditions and the use of low-cost equipment. Here, we report for the first time the use of Freon R134a for generating porous polymer matrices, specifically polylactide (PLA). PLA scaffolds processed with Freon R134a exhibited larger pore sizes, and total porosity, and appropriate mechanical properties compared with those achieved by scCO2 processing. PLGA scaffolds processed with Freon R134a were highly porous and showed a relatively fragile structure. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) attached to PLA scaffolds processed with Freon R134a, and their metabolic activity increased during culturing. In addition, MSCs displayed spread morphology on the PLA scaffolds processed with Freon R134a, with a well-organized actin cytoskeleton and a dense matrix of fibronectin fibrils. Functionalization of Freon R134a-processed PLA scaffolds with protein nanoparticles, used as bioactive factors, enhanced the scaffolds’ cytocompatibility. These findings indicate that gas foaming using compressed Freon R134a could represent a cost-effective and environmentally friendly fabrication technology to produce polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering approaches.

Bone Tissue Engineering: Natural Origination or Synthetic Polymeric Scaffolds?

2006 ◽  
Vol 15-17 ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Danti ◽  
Michele Lisanti ◽  
Stefano Berrettini ◽  
Mario Petrini ◽  
Andrea Pietrabissa
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Polymeric Scaffolds ◽  
Tissue Allograft ◽  
Human Bone Tissue

The aim of this report was to investigate the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) when cultured on different porous 3D scaffolds, having natural or synthetic origination. Natural scaffolds were obtained by hand made processing of human bone tissue (allograft), because its well known osteoconductive features, using different procedures to eliminate the donor cellular phase. Cancellous bone was frozen, heated or demineralized before being loaded with hMSCs. Among the variety of synthetic materials, biodegradable polymeric spongy matrices were chosen and comparatively tested as scaffolds for hMSCs growth.

Mg-based porous metals as cancellous bone analogous material: A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Jasmawati ◽  
SJ Fatihhi ◽  
AMS Putra ◽  
Ardiyansyah Syahrom ◽  
MN Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Porous Metals ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Porous Magnesium

Interest in cancellous bone analogous materials is driven by the development of tissue engineering and biomaterials. For the past decade, the research focus has been centered on biodegradable materials, in which the ability of the material to safely degrade in the human body while retaining sufficient qualities during service is conveniently cost-effective and less morbid. Among others, magnesium and its alloys have presented the best qualities especially as load-bearing biomaterials. In this article, the promising details of porous magnesium and its alloys as a cancellous bone analogous material developed during the past 10 years are highlighted. The manufacturing processes, mechanical performance, and biocompatibility of porous magnesium and its alloys are discussed. The Achilles’ heel of current evaluation was identified. Further, a few prospective developments of porous magnesium and its alloys are put forward with advanced desirable qualities as a cancellous bone analogous material.

scholarly journals Fluid Flow Mechanical Stimulation-Assisted Cartridge Device for the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Ki-Taek Lim ◽  
Dinesh-K. Patel ◽  
Sayan-Deb Dutta ◽  
Keya Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Flow Condition ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Static Conditions

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into different types of mesodermal tissues. In vitro proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs are necessary for bone regeneration in tissue engineering. The present study aimed to design and develop a fluid flow mechanically-assisted cartridge device to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. We used the fluorescence-activated cell-sorting method to analyze the multipotent properties of hMSCs and found that the cultured cells retained their stemness potential. We also evaluated the cell viabilities of the cultured cells via water-soluble tetrazolium salt 1 (WST-1) assay under different rates of flow (0.035, 0.21, and 0.35 mL/min) and static conditions and found that the cell growth rate was approximately 12% higher in the 0.035 mL/min flow condition than the other conditions. Moreover, the cultured cells were healthy and adhered properly to the culture substrate. Enhanced mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity were also observed under different perfusion conditions compared to the static conditions, indicating that the applied conditions play important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs. Furthermore, we determined the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes, including the runt-related protein 2 (Runx2), collagen type I (Col1), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN), under various perfusion vis-à-vis static conditions and found that they were significantly affected by the applied conditions. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensities of OCN and OPN osteogenic gene markers were found to be enhanced in the 0.035 mL/min flow condition compared to the control, indicating that it was a suitable condition for osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the findings of this study reveal that the developed cartridge device promotes the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs and can potentially be used in the field of tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Generation and Evaluation of Novel Biomaterials Based on Decellularized Sturgeon Cartilage for Use in Tissue Engineering

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 775
Author(s):  
Olimpia Ortiz-Arrabal ◽  
Ramón Carmona ◽  
Óscar-Darío García-García ◽  
Jesús Chato-Astrain ◽  
David Sánchez-Porras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product ◽  
Advanced Therapy ◽  
Novel Scaffold

Because cartilage has limited regenerative capability, a fully efficient advanced therapy medicinal product is needed to treat severe cartilage damage. We evaluated a novel biomaterial obtained by decellularizing sturgeon chondral endoskeleton tissue for use in cartilage tissue engineering. In silico analysis suggested high homology between human and sturgeon collagen proteins, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography confirmed that both types of cartilage consisted mainly of the same amino acids. Decellularized sturgeon cartilage was recellularized with human chondrocytes and four types of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and their suitability for generating a cartilage substitute was assessed ex vivo and in vivo. The results supported the biocompatibility of the novel scaffold, as well as its ability to sustain cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. In vivo assays showed that the MSC cells in grafted cartilage disks were biosynthetically active and able to remodel the extracellular matrix of cartilage substitutes, with the production of type II collagen and other relevant components, especially when adipose tissue MSC were used. In addition, these cartilage substitutes triggered a pro-regenerative reaction mediated by CD206-positive M2 macrophages. These preliminary results warrant further research to characterize in greater detail the potential clinical translation of these novel cartilage substitutes.

Cost-effective synthesis and solution processing of porous polymer networks through methanesulfonic acid-mediated aldol triple condensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Hao Guo ◽  
Chenxu Wang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Sai Che ◽  
Hong-Cai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Solution Processing ◽  
Condensation Method ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Effective Synthesis ◽  
Scalable Synthesis

A highly efficient aldol triple condensation method was developed for scalable synthesis and solution processing of conjugated porous polymer networks.

Magnetic field assisted stem cell differentiation – role of substrate magnetization in osteogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (16) ◽  
pp. 3150-3168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Boda ◽  
Greeshma Thrivikraman ◽  
Bikramjit Basu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation

Substrate magnetization as a tool for modulating the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering applications.

Simple fabrication of a three-dimensional porous polymer film as a diffuser for organic light emitting diodes

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 14446-14452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Wan Lim ◽  
Min Chul Suh
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Film ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Organic Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Organic Light ◽  
Ultrasonic Humidifier

We have investigated a simple and cost-effective fabrication method for a porous polymer film employing the spin-coating process during continuous supply of water droplets by an ultrasonic humidifier.

Chitosan/β-TCP composites scaffolds coated with silk fibroin: a bone tissue engineering approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 015003
Author(s):  
Lya Piaia ◽  
Simone S Silva ◽  
Joana M Gomes ◽  
Albina R Franco ◽  
Emanuel M Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Polymeric Scaffolds ◽  
Bioactive Agents

Abstract Bone regeneration and natural repair are long-standing processes that can lead to uneven new tissue growth. By introducing scaffolds that can be autografts and/or allografts, tissue engineering provides new approaches to manage the major burdens involved in this process. Polymeric scaffolds allow the incorporation of bioactive agents that improve their biological and mechanical performance, making them suitable materials for bone regeneration solutions. The present work aimed to create chitosan/beta-tricalcium phosphate-based scaffolds coated with silk fibroin and evaluate their potential for bone tissue engineering. Results showed that the obtained scaffolds have porosities up to 86%, interconnectivity up to 96%, pore sizes in the range of 60–170 μm, and a stiffness ranging from 1 to 2 MPa. Furthermore, when cultured with MC3T3 cells, the scaffolds were able to form apatite crystals after 21 d; and they were able to support cell growth and proliferation up to 14 d of culture. Besides, cellular proliferation was higher on the scaffolds coated with silk. These outcomes further demonstrate that the developed structures are suitable candidates to enhance bone tissue engineering.

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