scholarly journals Phenol–Hyaluronic Acid Conjugates: Correlation of Oxidative Crosslinking Pathway and Adhesiveness

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3130
Author(s):  
Jungwoo Kim ◽  
Sumin Kim ◽  
Donghee Son ◽  
Mikyung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Polymeric Chain ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Chemical Oxidants

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polysaccharide with great biocompatibility for a variety of biomedical applications, such as tissue scaffolds, dermal fillers, and drug-delivery carriers. Despite the medical impact of HA, its poor adhesiveness and short-term in vivo stability limit its therapeutic efficacy. To overcome these shortcomings, a versatile modification strategy for the HA backbone has been developed. This strategy involves tethering phenol moieties on HA to provide both robust adhesiveness and intermolecular cohesion and can be used for oxidative crosslinking of the polymeric chain. However, a lack of knowledge still exists regarding the interchangeable phenolic adhesion and cohesion depending on the type of oxidizing agent used. Here, we reveal the correlation between phenolic adhesion and cohesion upon gelation of two different HA–phenol conjugates, HA–tyramine and HA–catechol, depending on the oxidant. For covalent/non-covalent crosslinking of HA, oxidizing agents, horseradish peroxidase/hydrogen peroxide, chemical oxidants (e.g., base, sodium periodate), and metal ions, were utilized. As a result, HA–catechol showed stronger adhesion properties, whereas HA–tyramine showed higher cohesion properties. In addition, covalent bonds allowed better adhesion compared to that of non-covalent bonds. Our findings are promising for designing adhesive and mechanically robust biomaterials based on phenol chemistry.

scholarly journals Covalent crosslinking of von Willebrand factor to fibrin

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hada ◽  
M Kaminski ◽  
P Bockenstedt ◽  
J McDonagh
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Factor Xiiia ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitor

Abstract Factor XIIIa crosslinks a limited number of substrates via epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)-lysyl bond formation. It crosslinks fibrin to itself, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor and fibronectin to fibrin, and fibronectin to collagen. Results presented here show that plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a substrate for factor XIIIa and can be crosslinked to fibrin during gel formation. vWF-fibrin crosslinking was studied in purified systems and in plasma with 125I-vWF and 131I- fibrinogen. vWF incorporation into fibrin increased with time or increasing factor XIIIa. After electrophoresis of dissolved clots, distribution of 125I and 131I was measured and showed that vWF was crosslinked to the alpha chain of fibrin and entered the high-mol-wt alpha polymer. vWF-fibrin crosslinking decreased the initial rate of alpha polymer formation. Crosslinking of vWF polymer to itself could not be demonstrated under physiologic conditions but occurred if vWF was reduced first. Factor XIIIa catalyzed incorporation of putrescine into both monomeric and polymeric vWF. Altogether, these studies indicate that factor XIIIa can readily form covalent bonds between glutamine in vWF and lysine in fibrin alpha chains. This reaction occurs readily in vitro when plasma clotting is slow and may occur in vivo under similar conditions.

scholarly journals A Biocompatible, Stimuli-Responsive, and Injectable Hydrogel with Triple Dynamic Bonds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 3050
Author(s):  
Yujie Chen ◽  
Runjing Zhang ◽  
Baiqin Zheng ◽  
Chao Cai ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Injectable Hydrogels ◽  
Handling Performance ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide

Injectable hydrogels have attracted growing interests as promising biomaterials for clinical applications, due to their minimum invasive implanting approach and easy-handling performance. Nevertheless, natural biomaterials-based injectable hydrogels with desirable nontoxicity are suffering from limited functions, failing to fulfill the requirements of clinical biomaterials. The development of novel injectable biomaterials with a combination of biocompatibility and adequate functional properties is a growing urgency toward biomedical applications. In this contribution, we report a simple and effective approach to fabricate multi-functional CMC-OSA-DTP hydrogels. Two kinds of natural polysaccharide derived polymers, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and oxidized alginate (OSA) along with 3,3′-dithiopropionic acid dihydrazide (DTP) were utilized to introduce three dynamic covalent bonds. Owing to the existence of triple dynamic bonds, this unique CMC-OSA-DTP hydrogel possessed smart redox and pH stimuli-responsive property, injectability as well as self-healing ability. In addition, the CCK-8 and live/dead assays demonstrated satisfying cytocompatibility of the CMC-OSA-DTP hydrogel in vitro. Based on its attractive properties, this easy-fabricated and multi-functional hydrogel demonstrated the great potential as an injectable biomaterial in a variety of biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Acetylated Hyaluronic Acid: Enhanced Bioavailability and Biological Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Saturnino ◽  
Maria Stefania Sinicropi ◽  
Ortensia Ilaria Parisi ◽  
Domenico Iacopetta ◽  
Ada Popolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Skin Care Products

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a macropolysaccharidic component of the extracellular matrix, is common to most species and it is found in many sites of the human body, including skin and soft tissue. Not only does HA play a variety of roles in physiologic and in pathologic events, but it also has been extensively employed in cosmetic and skin-care products as drug delivery agent or for several biomedical applications. The most important limitations of HA are due to its short half-life and quick degradationin vivoand its consequently poor bioavailability. In the aim to overcome these difficulties, HA is generally subjected to several chemical changes. In this paper we obtained an acetylated form of HA with increased bioavailability with respect to the HA free form. Furthermore, an improved radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity has been evidenced, respectively, on ABTS radical cation and murine monocyte/macrophage cell lines (J774.A1).

scholarly journals Adhesive Catechol-Conjugated Hyaluronic Acid for Biomedical Applications: A Mini Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Jongho Kim ◽  
Chaemyeong Lee ◽  
Ji Hyun Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Tissue Adhesives ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Polymer Backbone ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Basic Concepts

Recently, catechol-containing polymers have been extensively developed as promising materials for surgical tissue adhesives, wound dressing, drug delivery depots, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Catechol conjugation to the polymer backbone provides adhesive properties to the tissue and does not significantly affect the intrinsic properties of the polymers. An example of a catecholic polymer is catechol-conjugated hyaluronic acid. In general, hyaluronic acid shows excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability; thus, it is used in various medical applications. However, hyaluronic acid alone has poor mechanical and tissue adhesion properties. Catechol modification considerably increases the mechanical and underwater adhesive properties of hyaluronic acid, while maintaining its biocompatibility and biodegradability and enabling its use in several biomedical applications. In this review, we briefly describe the synthesis and characteristics of catechol-modified hyaluronic acid, with a specific focus on catechol-involving reactions. Finally, we discuss the basic concepts and therapeutic effects of catechol-conjugated hyaluronic acid for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals GOx-assisted synthesis of pillar[5]arene based supramolecular polymeric nanoparticles for targeted/synergistic chemo-chemodynamic cancer therapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Moupan Cen ◽  
Danni Jing ◽  
Jiali Bei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Supramolecular Polymer ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Drug Molecules

Abstract Background Cancer is the most serious world's health problems on the global level and various strategies have been developed for cancer therapy. Pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular therapeutic nano-platform (SP/GOx NPs) was constructed successfully via orthogonal dynamic covalent bonds and intermolecular H-bonds with the assistance of glucose oxidase (GOx) and exhibited efficient targeted/synergistic chemo-chemodynamic cancer therapy. Methods The morphology of SP/GOx NPs was characterized by DLS, TEM, SEM and EDS mapping. The cancer therapy efficinecy was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Results SP/GOx NPs can load drug molecules (Dox) and modify target molecule (FA-Py) on its surface conveniently. When the resultant FA-Py/SP/GOx/Dox NPs enters blood circulation, FA-Py will target it to cancer cells efficiently, where GOx can catalyst the overexpressed glucose to generate H2O2. Subsequently, the generated H2O2 in cancer cells catalyzed by ferrocene unit to form •OH, which can kill cancer cells. Furthermore, the loaded Dox molecules released under acid microenvironment, which can further achieve chemo-therapy. Conclusion All the experiments showed that the excellent antitumor performance of FA-Py/SP/GOx/Dox NPs, which provided an new method for pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular polymer for biomedical applications. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Covalent crosslinking of von Willebrand factor to fibrin

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hada ◽  
M Kaminski ◽  
P Bockenstedt ◽  
J McDonagh
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Factor Xiiia ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitor

Factor XIIIa crosslinks a limited number of substrates via epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)-lysyl bond formation. It crosslinks fibrin to itself, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor and fibronectin to fibrin, and fibronectin to collagen. Results presented here show that plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a substrate for factor XIIIa and can be crosslinked to fibrin during gel formation. vWF-fibrin crosslinking was studied in purified systems and in plasma with 125I-vWF and 131I- fibrinogen. vWF incorporation into fibrin increased with time or increasing factor XIIIa. After electrophoresis of dissolved clots, distribution of 125I and 131I was measured and showed that vWF was crosslinked to the alpha chain of fibrin and entered the high-mol-wt alpha polymer. vWF-fibrin crosslinking decreased the initial rate of alpha polymer formation. Crosslinking of vWF polymer to itself could not be demonstrated under physiologic conditions but occurred if vWF was reduced first. Factor XIIIa catalyzed incorporation of putrescine into both monomeric and polymeric vWF. Altogether, these studies indicate that factor XIIIa can readily form covalent bonds between glutamine in vWF and lysine in fibrin alpha chains. This reaction occurs readily in vitro when plasma clotting is slow and may occur in vivo under similar conditions.

scholarly journals Cellular responses of hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 942-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Almalik ◽  
Ibrahim Alradwan ◽  
Majed A. Majrashi ◽  
Bashayer A. Alsaffar ◽  
Abdulmalek T. Algarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellular Responses

In recent years, nanotechnology has been proven to offer promising biomedical applications for in vivo diagnostics and drug delivery, stressing the importance of thoroughly investigating the biocompatibility of potentially translatable nanoparticles (NPs).

Biomedical applications: Pitfalls in the practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. D. Shelburne ◽  
Peter Ingram ◽  
Victor L. Roggli ◽  
Ann LeFurgey
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Asbestos Fibers

At present most medical microprobe analysis is conducted on insoluble particulates such as asbestos fibers in lung tissue. Cryotechniques are not necessary for this type of specimen. Insoluble particulates can be processed conventionally. Nevertheless, it is important to emphasize that conventional processing is unacceptable for specimens in which electrolyte distributions in tissues are sought. It is necessary to flash-freeze in order to preserve the integrity of electrolyte distributions at the subcellular and cellular level. Ideally, biopsies should be flash-frozen in the operating room rather than being frozen several minutes later in a histology laboratory. Electrolytes will move during such a long delay. While flammable cryogens such as propane obviously cannot be used in an operating room, liquid nitrogen-cooled slam-freezing devices or guns may be permitted, and are the best way to achieve an artifact-free, accurate tissue sample which truly reflects the in vivo state. Unfortunately, the importance of cryofixation is often not understood. Investigators bring tissue samples fixed in glutaraldehyde to a microprobe laboratory with a request for microprobe analysis for electrolytes.

Biological and biomedical applications of collagenous biomaterials

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
Yasushi P. Kato ◽  
Michael G. Dunn ◽  
Frederick H. Silver ◽  
Arthur J. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Cover Slip ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Defect Repair

Collagenous biomaterials have been used for growing cells in vitro as well as for augmentation and replacement of hard and soft tissues. The substratum used for culturing cells is implicated in the modulation of phenotypic cellular expression, cellular orientation and adhesion. Collagen may have a strong influence on these cellular parameters when used as a substrate in vitro. Clinically, collagen has many applications to wound healing including, skin and bone substitution, tendon, ligament, and nerve replacement. In this report we demonstrate two uses of collagen. First as a fiber to support fibroblast growth in vitro, and second as a demineralized bone/collagen sponge for radial bone defect repair in vivo.For the in vitro study, collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. Primary rat tendon fibroblasts (1° RTF) were isolated and cultured for 5 days on 1 X 15 mm sterile cover slips. Six to seven collagen fibers, were glued parallel to each other onto a circular cover slip (D=18mm) and the 1 X 15mm cover slip populated with 1° RTF was placed at the center perpendicular to the collagen fibers. Fibroblast migration from the 1 x 15mm cover slip onto and along the collagen fibers was measured daily using a phase contrast microscope (Olympus CK-2) with a calibrated eyepiece. Migratory rates for fibroblasts were determined from 36 fibers over 4 days.

Conjugates of Classical DNA/RNA Binder with Nucleobase: Chemical, Biochemical and Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (30) ◽  
pp. 5609-5624
Author(s):  
Dijana Saftić ◽  
Željka Ban ◽  
Josipa Matić ◽  
Lidija-Marija Tumirv ◽  
Ivo Piantanida
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Protein Targets ◽  
New Class ◽  
Rna Targets ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Structural Aspects

: Among the most intensively studied classes of small molecules (molecular weight < 650) in biomedical research are small molecules that non-covalently bind to DNA/RNA, and another intensively studied class is nucleobase derivatives. Both classes have been intensively elaborated in many books and reviews. However, conjugates consisting of DNA/RNA binder covalently linked to nucleobase are much less studied and have not been reviewed in the last two decades. Therefore, this review summarized reports on the design of classical DNA/RNA binder – nucleobase conjugates, as well as data about their interactions with various DNA or RNA targets, and even in some cases protein targets are involved. According to these data, the most important structural aspects of selective or even specific recognition between small molecule and target are proposed, and where possible related biochemical and biomedical aspects were discussed. The general conclusion is that this, rather new class of molecules showed an amazing set of recognition tools for numerous DNA or RNA targets in the last two decades, as well as few intriguing in vitro and in vivo selectivities. Several lead research lines show promising advancements toward either novel, highly selective markers or bioactive, potentially druggable molecules.

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