scholarly journals Polyaniline/Biopolymer Composite Systems for Humidity Sensor Applications: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2722
Author(s):  
Yuriy A. Anisimov ◽  
Richard W. Evitts ◽  
Duncan E. Cree ◽  
Lee D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Water Vapor Adsorption ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensor Materials

The development of polyaniline (PANI)/biomaterial composites as humidity sensor materials represents an emerging area of advanced materials with promising applications. The increasing attention to biopolymer materials as desiccants for humidity sensor components can be explained by their sustainability and propensity to absorb water. This review represents a literature survey, covering the last decade, which is focused on the interrelationship between the core properties and moisture responsiveness of multicomponent polymer/biomaterial composites. This contribution provides an overview of humidity-sensing materials and the corresponding sensors that emphasize the resistive (impedance) type of PANI devices. The key physicochemical properties that affect moisture sensitivity include the following: swelling, water vapor adsorption capacity, porosity, electrical conductivity, and enthalpies of adsorption and vaporization. Some key features of humidity-sensing materials involve the response time, recovery time, and hysteresis error. This work presents a discussion on various types of humidity-responsive composite materials that contain PANI and biopolymers, such as cellulose, chitosan and structurally related systems, along with a brief overview of carbonaceous and ceramic materials. The effect of additive components, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), for film fabrication and their adsorption properties are also discussed. The mechanisms of hydration and proton transfer, as well as the relationship with conductivity is discussed. The literature survey on hydration reveals that the textural properties (surface area and pore structure) of a material, along with the hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) play a crucial role. The role of HLB is important in PANI/biopolymer materials for understanding hydration phenomena and hydrophobic effects. Fundamental aspects of hydration studies that are relevant to humidity sensor materials are reviewed. The experimental design of humidity sensor materials is described, and their relevant physicochemical characterization methods are covered, along with some perspectives on future directions in research on PANI-based humidity sensors.

Enhanced humidity sensing and magnetic properties of bismuth doped copper ferrites for humidity sensor applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 156577 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C. Sathisha ◽  
K. Manjunatha ◽  
Anna Bajorek ◽  
B. Rajesh Babu ◽  
B. Chethan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Sensor Applications

scholarly journals State-of-the-art methods and devices for generation, exposure, and collection of aerosols from e-vapor products

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239784732097975
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Boué ◽  
Didier Goedertier ◽  
Julia Hoeng ◽  
Anita Iskandar ◽  
Arkadiusz K Kuczaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Vapor Generation ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Aerosol Generation

E-vapor products (EVP) have become popular alternatives for cigarette smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke. EVP research is challenging and complex, mostly because of the numerous and rapidly evolving technologies and designs as well as the multiplicity of e-liquid flavors and solvents available on the market. There is an urgent need to standardize all stages of EVP assessment, from the production of a reference product to e-vapor generation methods and from physicochemical characterization methods to nonclinical and clinical exposure studies. The objective of this review is to provide a detailed description of selected experimental setups and methods for EVP aerosol generation and collection and exposure systems for their in vitro and in vivo assessment. The focus is on the specificities of the product that constitute challenges and require development of ad hoc assessment frameworks, equipment, and methods. In so doing, this review aims to support further studies, objective evaluation, comparison, and verification of existing evidence, and, ultimately, formulation of standardized methods for testing EVPs.

scholarly journals Wide range and highly linear signal processed systematic humidity sensor array using Methylene Blue and Graphene composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umair Khan ◽  
Gul Hassan ◽  
Rayyan Ali Shaukat ◽  
Qazi Muhammad Saqib ◽  
Mahesh Y. Chougale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Linear Combination ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Graphene Flakes

AbstractThis paper proposes a signal processed systematic 3 × 3 humidity sensor array with all range and highly linear humidity response based on different particles size composite inks and different interspaces of interdigital electrodes (IDEs). The fabricated sensors are patterned through a commercial inkjet printer and the composite of Methylene Blue and Graphene with three different particle sizes of bulk Graphene Flakes (BGF), Graphene Flakes (GF), and Graphene Quantum Dots (GQD), which are employed as an active layer using spin coating technique on three types of IDEs with different interspaces of 300, 200, and 100 µm. All range linear function (0–100% RH) is achieved by applying the linear combination method of nine sensors in the signal processing field, where weights for linear combination are required, which are estimated by the least square solution. The humidity sensing array shows a fast response time (Tres) of 0.2 s and recovery time (Trec) of 0.4 s. From the results, the proposed humidity sensor array opens a new gateway for a wide range of humidity sensing applications with a linear function.

scholarly journals Fabrication and characterization of Ru-doped LiCuFe2O4 nanoparticles and their capacitive and resistive humidity sensor applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 474 ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Manikandan ◽  
Florin Tudorache ◽  
Iulian Petrila ◽  
R.S. Mane ◽  
V. Kuncser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

scholarly journals Compositional engineering of the pi-conjugated small molecular VOPcPhO : Alq3 complex to boost humidity sensing

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (32) ◽  
pp. 19780-19786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noshin Fatima ◽  
Fakhra Aziz ◽  
Zubair Ahmad ◽  
M. A. Najeeb ◽  
M. I. Azmeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Semiconductor ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Pi Conjugated ◽  
Hydroxy Quinoline

This study exhibits a solution-processed organic semiconductor humidity sensor based on vanadyl 2,9,16,23-tetraphenoxy-29H,31H-phthalocyanine (VOPcPhO), tris-(8-hydroxy-quinoline)aluminum (Alq3), and their composites.

scholarly journals Self-assembly of a nano hydrogel colloidal array for the sensing of humidity

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 9963-9969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Min Xue ◽  
Herong Zhang ◽  
Zihui Meng ◽  
Kenneth J. Shea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Self Assembled

A simple and low-cost humidity sensor based on self-assembled three dimensional nanohydrogel colloidal array was prepared for humidity sensing.

Fabrication of bulk alumina structures with humidity sensing capabilities using direct ink write technique

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabel Renteria ◽  
Luisa F. Garcia ◽  
Jorge A. Diaz ◽  
Luis C. Delfin ◽  
Jaime E. Regis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Moisture Sensitivity ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Processing Treatment ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate different 3D structures for humidity sensing that will enable the fabrication of complex geometries with high moisture sensitivity. Design/methodology/approach Humidity sensors based on alumina ceramics were fabricated using direct ink write (DIW) technique. Different engineered surface area, polymer binder ratio and post-processing treatment were considered to increase moisture sensitivity. Findings It was found that the binder ratio plays an important role in controlling the rheology of the paste during printing and determining the pore size after post-processing treatment. The sensibility of the fabricated humidity sensor was investigated by measuring its capacitance response toward relative humidity (RH) varying from 40% to 90% RH at 25°C. It is shown that using 3D lattice design, printed alumina humidity sensor could improve sensitivity up to 31.6 pF/RH%, over an order of magnitude higher than solid alumina. Originality/value Most of the alumina humidity sensors available are films in nature because of manufacturing difficulties, which limited its potential of higher sensitivity, and thus broader applications. In this paper, a novel 3D alumina humidity sensor was fabricated using DIW 3D printing technology.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Temperature and Humidity Sensor Based on Carbon Nanotube-Assisted Mismatched Single-Mode Fiber Structure

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan ◽  
Qian ◽  
Liu ◽  
Wang ◽  
Yu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Stable Performance

Here we report on a miniaturized optical interferometer in one fiber based on two mismatched nodes. The all-fiber structure shows stable performance of temperature and humidity sensing. For temperature sensing in large ranges, from 40 to 100 °C, the sensor has a sensitivity of 0.24 dB/°C, and the adjusted R-squared value of fitting result reaches 0.99461 which shows a reliable sensing result. With carbon nanotubes coating the surface of the fiber, the temperature sensitivity is enhanced from 0.24561 to 1.65282 dB/°C in a small region, and the performance of humidity sensing becomes more linear and applicable. The adjusted R-squared value of the linear fitting line for humidity sensing shows a dramatic increase from 0.71731 to 0.92278 after carbon nanotube coating, and the humidity sensitivity presents 0.02571 nm/%RH.

scholarly journals Paper-Based ZnS:Cu Alternating Current Electroluminescent Devices for Current Humidity Sensors with High–Linearity and Flexibility

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqin He ◽  
Mengyao Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Danrong Zhu ◽  
Chun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Electroluminescent Devices ◽  
Sensing Mechanism

Humidity sensors are indispensable for various electronic systems and instrumentations. To develop a new humidity sensing mechanism is the key for the next generation of sensor technology. In this work, a novel flexible paper-based current humidity sensor is proposed. The developed alternating current electroluminescent devices (ACEL) consist of the electroless plating Ni on filter paper and silver nanowires (AgNWs) as the bottom and upper electrodes, and ZnS:Cu as the phosphor layer, respectively. The proposed humidity sensor is based on ACEL with the paper substrate and the ZnS:Cu phosphor layer as the humidity sensing element. The moisture effect on the optical properties of ACELs has been studied firstly. Then, the processing parameters of the paper-based ACELs such as electroless plated bottom electrode and spin-coated phosphor layer as a function of the humidity-sensitive characteristics are investigated. The sensing mechanism of the proposed sensor has been elucidated based on the Q ~ V analysis. The sensor exhibits an excellent linearity ( R 2 = 0.99965 ) within the humidity range from 20% to 90% relative humidity (RH) and shows excellent flexibility. We also demonstrate its potential application in postharvest preservation where the EL light is used for preservation and the humidity can be monitored simultaneously through the current.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document