scholarly journals Application of Polymers as a Tool in Crystallization—A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2695
Author(s):  
Marcin Lemanowicz ◽  
Anna Mielańczyk ◽  
Tomasz Walica ◽  
Milena Kotek ◽  
Andrzej Gierczycki
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Crystal Properties ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Controlled Crystallization ◽  
Scientific Periodicals ◽  
Induced Crystallization

The application of polymers as a tool in the crystallization process is gaining more and more interest among the scientific community. According to Web of Science statistics the number of papers dealing with “Polymer induced crystallization” increased from 2 in 1990 to 436 in 2020, and for “Polymer controlled crystallization”—from 4 in 1990 to 344 in 2020. This is clear evidence that both topics are vivid, attractive and intensively investigated nowadays. Efficient control of crystallization and crystal properties still represents a bottleneck in the manufacturing of crystalline materials ranging from pigments, antiscalants, nanoporous materials and pharmaceuticals to semiconductor particles. However, a rapid development in precise and reliable measuring methods and techniques would enable one to better describe phenomena involved, to formulate theoretical models, and probably most importantly, to develop practical indications for how to appropriately lead many important processes in the industry. It is clearly visible at the first glance through a number of representative papers in the area, that many of them are preoccupied with the testing and production of pharmaceuticals, while the rest are addressed to new crystalline materials, renewable energy, water and wastewater technology and other branches of industry where the crystallization process takes place. In this work, authors gathered and briefly discuss over 100 papers, published in leading scientific periodicals, devoted to the influence of polymers on crystallizing solutions.

Well-defined micropatterns of polymers prepared by controlled crystallization process

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jijun Wang ◽  
Yinjie Sun ◽  
Yun Huang ◽  
Erqiang Chen ◽  
Huihui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Controlled Crystallization

scholarly journals Synthesis and physicochemical research of some 2-((5-((theophylline-7'-yl)methyl)-4-R-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)acetohydrazide ylidenderivatives

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
A. S. Gotsulya ◽  
P. S. Knyazevich ◽  
O. I. Panasenko ◽  
Е. G. Knysh
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Alcoholic Medium ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Starting Compound ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Tuberculosis Activity

The rapid development pace of the pharmaceutical science constantly increases the demand for new kind of medicine featured with high biological activity and non-toxicity at the same time. Setting the aim to enlarge the amount of scientific findings in the domain of biologically active substances, 1,2,4-triazole and theophylline were used as the starting material. These compounds form the basis for the majority of drugs, such as diuretics, antifungal and antibacterial medicaments. The combination of heterocycles put under research demonstrate a repeated probability increase in the variety of activities. Therefore, the relevance of the following study is determined by valuable properties of these substances. Besides that, the presence of a hydrazide element accounts for a high probability level of antimicrobial, particularly anti-tuberculosis activity.  In order to identify optimal conditions for the synthesis and physicochemical property research, 2-((5-((theophylline-7'-yl)methyl)-4-R-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio) acetohydrazide ylidenderivatives were obtained. The process of production was carried out through long chain reactions, using the sodium salt of theophylline as a substrate. The conversion is well known being described in many papers. Hydrazide was taken as the starting compound. It was dissolved in water-alcoholic medium while separately, aldehyde was dissolved or mixed in ethyl alcohol as well. The resulting solutions were decanted. The precipitate formed immediately or after a certain period of time, which is likely due to the state of matter of the starting aldehyde. 10 compounds (light-yellow crystalline materials with sharp melting point) were synthesized after that. Their structures and physicochemical properties were confirmed with modern methods of analysis. It is established that the reaction proceeds rapidly with a yield of 77‒95% in water-alcoholic medium at a temperature of about 80 °C.

Improving the performance of lead-acetate-based perovskite solar cells using solvent controlled crystallization process

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 105552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihai Liu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jiqu Han ◽  
Fanming Zeng ◽  
Guanchen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Controlled Crystallization

In-situ observation of phase transformation in amorphous silicon during Joule-heating induced crystallization process

2011 ◽  
Vol 519 (16) ◽  
pp. 5516-5522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyun Kim ◽  
Won-Eui Hong ◽  
Jae-Sang Ro ◽  
Seong Hyuk Lee ◽  
Chang-Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Induced Crystallization

Grain Boundary Location-Controlled Polt-Si Films for Tft Devices Obtained Via Novel Excimer Laser Process

1994 ◽  
Vol 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Kim ◽  
James S. Im
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Capping Layer ◽  
Complete Melting ◽  
Boundary Location ◽  
Si Films ◽  
Active Channel ◽  
Induced Crystallization

ABSTRACTBased on a previously acquired physical understanding of the excimer-laser-induced crystallization process, we have developed a new crystallization technique that produces controlled microstructures and possesses a wide processing window. A patterned oxide capping layer was used as an antireflective coating to induce complete melting of an Si film under an SiO2 pattern, and partial melting of the Si film in the areas not under the capping layer—allowing controlled super lateral growth to proceed from the incompletely melted portion of the film to the completely melted portion. For the simple stripes used in this investigation, when the width of the completely molten region is less than a critical distance (above which nucleation of solids occurs in the middle of the completely melted regions), the resulting microstructure has large and elongated grains with one precisely located grain boundary running parallel to the stripe In the middle of the oxide capped region.Arrangement of TFT devices on the resulting Grain boundary Location-Controlled (GLC) Si films with one (or zero) grain boundaries located perpendicular to the flow of electrons within the active channel portion of the TFT devices is illustrated. Such devices are expected to possess performance and uniformity characteristics that are superior to currently available poly-Si TFT devices.

scholarly journals Treatment of Grey Water using Natural Zeolites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Keyword(s):  
Soap Solution ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Hydrated Alumina ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Alternate Source ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium Ions

Water is the inevitable source for all living things. Due to rapid development in industrialization and urbanization leads to contamination of surface water as well as groundwater which results in water scarcity. Thus grey water which is easily available can be considered as an alternate source of water. Grey water is the waste water generated from office buildings or household appliances like bathrooms, kitchens, washing machines, etc. without fecal contamination. The usage of the soap solution in bathrooms, kitchen dish washing areas and detergents used in washing areas leads to the increasing carbonates and bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium ions in grey water. The present study deals with the treatment of grey water by boiling and zeolite process for the removal of hardness. Natural zeolites are environmentally and economically acceptable hydrated alumina-silicate materials for grey water and wastewater treatment. The treated water can be used for laundry purposes, toilet flushing and gardening thereby reducing the demand for fresh water.

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