scholarly journals Comparison of the Physico-Mechanical and Weathering Properties of Wood–Plastic Composites Made of Wood Fibers from Discarded Parts of Pomelo Trees and Polypropylene

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2681
Author(s):  
Ke-Chang Hung ◽  
Wen-Chao Chang ◽  
Jin-Wei Xu ◽  
Tung-Lin Wu ◽  
Jyh-Horng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Accelerated Weathering Test

The purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of wood–plastic composites (WPCs) made of polypropylene (PP) and wood fibers (WFs) from discarded stems, branches, and roots of pomelo trees. The results show that the WPCs made of 30–60 mesh WFs from stems have better physical, flexural, and tensile properties than other WPCs. However, the flexural strengths of all WPCs are not only comparable to those of commercial wood–PP composites but also meet the strength requirements of the Chinese National Standard for exterior WPCs. In addition, the color change of WPCs that contained branch WFs was lower than that of WPCs that contained stem or root WFs during the initial stage of the accelerated weathering test, but the surface color parameters of all WPCs were very similar after 500 h of xenon arc accelerated weathering. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs showed many cracks on the surfaces of WPCs after accelerated weathering for 500 h, but their flexural modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) values did not differ significantly during weathering. Thus, all the discarded parts of pomelo trees can be used to manufacture WPCs, and there were no significant differences in their weathering properties during 500 h of xenon arc accelerated weathering.

Accelerated Weathering of Modified Wood Flour Plastic Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Fabiyi ◽  
A.G. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometry

The effect of accelerated weathering on the chemical and color of wood plastic composites (WPC) made from modified pine wood fiber (control, extractives free and holocellulose) was investigated. WPC were produced from the various wood fibers (60%, weight) and high density polyethylene (40%, weight) as matrix were subjected to accelerated weathering in xenon-arc weatherometer for up to 1200 hours. This study aimed at getting a better understanding of the chemical changes that occur to weathered WPC relative to its material compositions (wood and plastic). Chemical analyses and color measurement of the weathered surface using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, pyrolysis gas chromatograph mass spectrometry and colorimetery showed that degradation of WPC had occurred, causing color changes. It was observed that WPC made from holocellulose wood fiber had the lowest color change compared to extractives free wood and control wood fiber based WPC.

scholarly journals Accelerated weathering of polyvinyl chloride-based wood-plastic composites: Effect of plant species

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5261-5271
Author(s):  
Ruige Qi ◽  
Chunxia He ◽  
Qiang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The effect of plant species on the accelerated weathering behaviors of polyvinyl chloride-based wood-plastic composites (WPCs) was studied. The selected plant species were eucalyptus, rice husk, and bamboo. The color and chemical compositional changes that occurred due to accelerated weathering were monitored using colorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The lignin and carbonyl contents of the WPCs were altered with exposure. The color change and lightness of the weathered WPCs increased with exposure time, and the degree of increase depended on the plant species. The water absorption and swelling ratio of the WPCs increased with an increase in exposure. The eucalyptus-based composite was the highest ranked in terms of mechanical properties, and the microstructure of the impact section showed that the interfacial bonding performance deteriorated after exposure. In conclusion, the selection of plant fibers is critical to the service performance of WPCs.

Effects of the Size of Wood Flour on Mechanical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Bing Huang ◽  
Hu Hu Du ◽  
Wei Hong Wang ◽  
Hai Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites

In this article, wood-plastic composites(WPCs) were manufactured with wood flour(80～120mesh、40～80mesh、20～40mesh、10～20mesh) combing with high density polyethylene(HDPE). Effects of the size of wood flour on mechanical properies and density of composites were investigated. Results showed that particle size of wood flour had an important effect on properitiesof WPCs. Change of mesh number had a outstanding effect on flexural modulus, tensile modulus and impact strength, howere, little effect on flexural strength and tensile strength. When mesh number of wood flour changed from 80～120mesh to 10～20mesh,flexural modulus and tensile modulus were respectively enhanced by 42.4% and 28.4%, respectively, and impact strength was decreased by 35.5%.Size of wood flour basically had no effect on density of composite within 10～120mesh. The use of wood flour or fiber as fillers and reinforcements in thermoplastics has been gaining acceptance in commodity plastics applications in the past few years. WPCs are currently experiencing a dramatic increase in use. Most of them are used to produce window/door profiles,decking,railing,ang siding. Wood thermoplastic composites are manufactured by dispering wood fiber or wood flour(WF) into molten plastics to form composite materials by processing techniques such as extrusion,themoforming, and compression or injection molding[1]. WPCs have such advantages[2]：(1)With wood as filler can improve heat resistance and strength of plastic, and wood has a low cost, comparing with inorganic filler, wood has a low density. Wood as strengthen material has a great potential in improving tensile strength and flexural modulus[3]；(2) For composite of same volume, composites with wood as filler have a little abrasion for equipment and can be regenerated；(3)They have a low water absorption and low hygroscopic property, They are not in need of protective waterproof paint, at the same time, composite can be dyed and painted for them own needs；(4)They are superior to wood in resistantnce to crack、leaf mold and termite aspects, composites are the same biodegradation as wood；(5)They can be processed or connected like wood；（6）They can be processed into a lots of complicated shape product by means of extrusion or molding and so on, meanwhile, they have high-efficiency raw material conversion and itself recycle utilization[4]. While there are many sucesses to report in WPCs, there are still some issues that need to be addressed before this technology will reach its full potential. This technology involves two different types of materials: one hygroscopic(biomass) and one hydrophobic(plastic), so there are issues of phase separation and compatibilization[5]. In this paper, Effects of the size of wood powder on mechanical properties of WPCs were studied.

Mechanical Properties of Acrylate-Styrene-Acrylonitrile/Bagasse Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornsri Pakeyangkoon ◽  
Benjawan Ploydee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile

Mechanical properties of wood plastic composite, prepared from acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA) and bagasse, were investigated. In this study, 10 to 50 phr of bagasse were used in order to obtain the wood plastic composite with superior mechanical properties. The wood plastic composites in the study were prepared by melt-blending technique. All materials were mixed by using a two-roll-mill, shaped into sheets by a compression molding machine and the specimens were cut with a cutting machine. Youngs modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength and hardness of the wood plastic composites were investigated and found to improve with increasing bagasse content. However, some composite properties, i.e., impact strength, was decreased by adding the bagasse and then become steady when the amount of bagasse added was more than 30 phr. It was concluded that wood plastic composites with the desirable mechanical properties can be formulated using ASA as the matrix polymer and 50 phr of bagasse.

scholarly journals Dimensional stability and strength properties of wood plastic composites produced from sawdust of Cordia alliodora (Ruiz and Pav.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Izekor ◽  
M. E. Mordi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Plastic Composites

This study evaluates the effects of densities and mixing ratio on the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composites boards at mixing ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.4 and nominal densities of 700kg/mm3 and 800kg/mm3. The quantity of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and saw dust used in the production of Wood Plastic Composites (WPCs) was weighed to a nominal density of 700kg/mm3 and 800kg/mm3. The materials were thoroughly mixed and fed into a neatly primed oil mould with a dimension of 300 x 300 x 10 mm. Test samples used for physical and mechanical properties determination were collected from each board produced from the mould. The results showed that WPCs board produced from mixing ratio 1:1 had the highest Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) values of 6.52 mm N-2 and 564.95 mm N-2 respectively. Water absorption, thickness swelling and linear expansion of WPCs produced from wood/plastic ratio of 1:1.4 had the lowest mean values of 6.67, 0.83, 0.68% and 21.61, 1.33, 5.35% respectively after 2 hours and 24 hours of water immersion test. Analysis of variance carried out at 0.05% probability level showed that the effect of density and mixing ratio were significant on the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composites boards.

scholarly journals Effects of UV, humidity, and high temperature exposure on linen fibers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Sandulache ◽  
Mihaela-Cristina Lite ◽  
Lucia-Oana Secareanu ◽  
Elena-Cornelia Mitran ◽  
Ovidiu Iordache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Accelerated Weathering Test ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Natural Decay

Generally, the most common damaging factors for linen textile materials are the environmental conditions, their handling, and natural decay. Such environmental factors are ultraviolet (UV) radiation, humidity, and high temperature. Therefore, to investigate the effects these factors may cause, an accelerated weathering test was conducted on linen fabrics, using alternating cycles of UV exposure and humidity, along with relatively high temperatures. The effects of this test were investigated using non-destructive and micro-destructive analysis techniques. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to observe any modifications appearing at the surface of the fibers. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDS) was employed in conjunction with SEM for obtaining the spectrum of the chemical elements that were present at the surface of the linen samples. The modifications of functional groups occurring due to the weathering of linen were assessed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The color change of the samples was measured with a spectrophotometer. All the acquired information can be used as a starting point for the development of customized environmental parameters for keeping patrimony linen fabrics in museums in optimum conditions, thus preventing further damage. Additionally, the artificially weathered fabrics will be further employed in conservation experiments as substitute for old linen fabrics.

Fungal Degradation of Wood Plastic Composites Made with Thermally Modified Wood Residues

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgars Kuka ◽  
Dace Cirule ◽  
Janis Kajaks ◽  
Anna Janberga ◽  
Ingeborga Andersone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Fungal Degradation ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Thermally Modified Wood ◽  
Modified Wood

Wood plastic composites (WPC) are mainly used as an outdoor material, so durability against fungal decay is one of the factors that should be analyzed and if necessary improved. WPC are susceptible to biodegradation, although these materials have limited water absorption because of the wood fiber encapsulation in polymer matrix. In the study two different water pretreatment methods (short-term and long-term) were used to ensure appropriate water content for fungal growth. Also in the paper thermally modified wood (different regimes) fiber influence on WPC fungal resistance is investigated. The results showed that long-term water pretreated WPC specimens had more suitable conditions for fungal degradation that led to higher weight loss. The results which were related to thermally modified wood fibers showed, that WPC with thermally modified wood fibers had improved resistance against fungi. Thermal modification regimes had an effect on WPC durability as well.

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