scholarly journals Purification of Hollow Sporopollenin Microcapsules from Sunflower and Chamomile Pollen Grains

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2094
Author(s):  
Jose Manuel Ageitos ◽  
Sandra Robla ◽  
Lorena Valverde-Fraga ◽  
Marcos Garcia-Fuentes ◽  
Noemi Csaba
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Product Density ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Nanoporous Surface ◽  
First Time

Pollen grains are natural microcapsules comprised of the biopolymer sporopollenin. The uniformity and special tridimensional architecture of these sporopollenin structures confer them attractive properties such as high resistance and improved bioadhesion. However, natural pollen can be a source of allergens, hindering its biomedical applicability. Several methods have been developed to remove internal components and allergenic compounds, usually involving long and laborious processes, which often cannot be extended to other pollen types. In this work, we propose an abridged protocol to produce stable and pristine hollow pollen microcapsules, together with a complete physicochemical and morphological characterization of the intermediate and final products. The optimized procedure has been validated for different pollen samples, also producing sporopollenin microcapsules from Matricaria species for the first time. Pollen microcapsules obtained through this protocol presented low protein content (4.4%), preserved ornamented morphology with a nanoporous surface, and low product density (0.14 g/cm3). These features make them interesting candidates from a pharmaceutical perspective due to the versatility of this biomaterial as a drug delivery platform.

Hydrogel-clay Nanocomposites as Carriers for Controlled Release

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Ianchis ◽  
Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu ◽  
Ioana Catalina Gifu ◽  
Elvira Alexandrescu ◽  
Cristina Lavinia Nistor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Complex Hybrid

The present review aims to summarize the research efforts undertaken in the last few years in the development and testing of hydrogel-clay nanocomposites proposed as carriers for controlled release of diverse drugs. Their advantages, disadvantages and different compositions of polymers/biopolymers with diverse types of clays, as well as their interactions are discussed. Illustrative examples of studies regarding hydrogel-clay nanocomposites are detailed in order to underline the progressive researches on hydrogel-clay-drug pharmaceutical formulations able to respond to a series of demands for the most diverse applications. Brief descriptions of the different techniques used for the characterization of the obtained complex hybrid materials such as: swelling, TGA, DSC, FTIR, XRD, mechanical, SEM, TEM and biology tests, are also included. Enlightened by the presented data, we can suppose that hydrogel-clay nanocomposites will still be a challenging subject of global assiduous researches. We can dare to dream to an efficient drug delivery platform for the treatment of multiple affection concomitantly, these being undoubtedly like ”a tree of life” bearing different kinds of fruits and leaves proper for human healing.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Biopharmaceutical Characterization of Amphiphilic Squalenyl Derivative Based Versatile Drug Delivery Platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy-Khiet Ho ◽  
Rebekka Christmann ◽  
Xabier Murgia ◽  
Chiara De Rossi ◽  
Sarah Frisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery Platform

scholarly journals A Novel Genotype and First Record of Trypanosoma lainsoni in Argentina

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Anahí G. Díaz ◽  
Paula G. Ragone ◽  
Fanny Rusman ◽  
Noelia Floridia-Yapur ◽  
Rubén M. Barquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Pairwise Identity ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Chaco Region ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
First Time

Trypanosomes are a group of parasitic flagellates with medical and veterinary importance. Despite many species having been described in this genus, little is known about many of them. Here, we report a genetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomatids isolated from wild mammals from the Argentine Chaco region. Parasites were morphologically and ultrastructurally characterized by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, 18s rRNA and gGAPDH genes were sequenced and analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Morphological characterization showed clear characteristics associated with the Trypanosoma genus. The genetic characterization demonstrates that the studied isolates have identical sequences and a pairwise identity of 99% with Trypanosoma lainsoni, which belongs to the clade of lizards and snakes/rodents and marsupials. To date, this species had only been found in the Amazon region. Our finding represents the second report of T. lainsoni and the first record for the Chaco region. Furthermore, we ultrastructurally described for the first time the species. Finally, the host range of T. lainsoni was expanded (Leopardus geoffroyi, Carenivora, Felidae; and Calomys sp., Rodentia, Cricetidae), showing a wide host range for this species.

Flowering and morphological characterization of Dendrocalamus asper androecium and pollen grains

Grana ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Priscila Fernandes De Souza ◽  
Cristina M. Ribas Dos Santos ◽  
Joseph Ree ◽  
Miguel Pedro Guerra ◽  
Rosete Pescador
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Dendrocalamus Asper

Morphological and molecular characterization of cucullanid nematodes including Cucullanus opisthoporus n. sp. in freshwater fish from the Brazilian Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.B. Pereira ◽  
J.L. Luque
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Tail Tip ◽  
First Time

AbstractMolecular and morphological characterization of two species of Cucullanidae from freshwater fish in Brazil are provided, one of which represented an undescribed taxon. Cucullanus opisthoporus n. sp. was collected in Cichla melaniae from River Xingu, State of Pará, and in C. pinima from River Jamarí, State of Rondônia. Nematodes referable to Cucullanus grandistomis were collected in Oxydoras niger from River Xingu. The new species has an appendage in the tail tip, ventrally covered by small spines, which is an exclusive feature of Cucullanus tucunarensis. However, C. tucunarensis differs from C. opisthoporus n. sp. based upon the relative position of deirids and the excretory pore, which are more posterior from the oesophageal end in the new species. Observations of C. tucunarensis type specimens also revealed features that were wrongly or not reported in the original description. Type specimens of C. grandistomis were observed, although they were poorly preserved. After evaluation of newly collected specimens of C. grandistomis, features unreported in the original description were observed for the first time, including the presence of an intestinal caecum. Thus, C. grandistomis was transferred to Dichelyne. Sequences of the 18S and 28S rRNA genes revealed high genetic similarity between the specimens of C. opisthoporus n. sp. from the two different hosts as well as their genetic distance from Dichelyne grandistomis n. comb. Phylogenetic reconstructions using representatives of Cucullanidae suggested the artificiality of the current morphological system adopted to separate the genera, since most genera were not monophyletic, although the availability of genetic data is still fragmented.

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of Tetraploids of Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. Produced by Oryzalin Treatment of Seeds

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Shiro Mori ◽  
Masaki Yahata ◽  
Ayano Kuwahara ◽  
Yurina Shirono ◽  
Yasufumi Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Type A ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Type B ◽  
Stomatal Size ◽  
Chimeric Plant ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Polyploidy Breeding

Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. (2n = 2x = 16) is a popular ornamental plant with dimorphism of pollen grains (type A and type B) and stigmas (papilla and cob-like). We applied polyploidy breeding to this species in order to introduce desirable traits. Tetraploid and mixoploid L. sinuatum plants were successfully obtained with oryzalin treatment of L. sinuatum ‘Early Blue’ seeds. All three tetraploids had increased leaf width, stomatal size, flower length, and pollen width compared to those of the diploid, and tetraploids had four germinal pores of pollen grains, whereas the diploid had three. All tetraploids had type A pollen grains and cob-like stigmas. Furthermore, the growth of cultivated tetraploid plants was slow, with later bolting and flowering times. Mixoploids Mixo-1 and Mixo-3 were estimated to be polyploidy periclinal chimeric plants consisting of a tetraploid L1 layer and diploid L2 layer, and Mixo-2 was estimated to be a polyploidy periclinal chimeric plant consisting of the diploid L1 layer and tetraploid L2 layer. Mixo-4 had tetraploid L1 and L2 layers. Mixoploids, except Mixo-4, had type A pollen grains and cob-like stigmas, whereas Mixo-4 had type B pollen grains and papilla stigmas. These polyploids will be useful as polyploidy breeding materials.

An extraordinary new genus and three new species of Acostemmini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Madagascar with comments on the morphology and classification of the tribe

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3209 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. ZAHNISER ◽  
M. W. NIELSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Speci Mens ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time

The circumscription and morphological characterization of the deltocephaline tribe Acostemmini is revised based on dis-coveries of new and poorly known taxa from recent collections in Madagascar and from examination of the type speci-mens of Alocoelidia fulva Evans, Iturnoria insulana Evans, and Protonesis delegorguei Spinola. Alocoelidia Evans 1954,Caelidioides Signoret 1880, Iturnoria Evans 1954, and Protonesis Spinola 1850 were previously placed in Coelidiinaebut were later removed from the subfamily and until now have been unplaced to subfamily are placed here in Deltocepha-linae: Acostemmini, new placement. A new genus and species, Ikelibeloha cristata gen. n., sp. n., are described that havean unusually modified structure of the head and a large, crested pronotum. Molecular data (28S, Histone H3 genes) wereobtained for Ikelibeloha and Iturnoria, and analyzed with other members of Deltocephalinae. Results of the phylogeneticanalyses show strong support for the monophyletic clade ((Acostemma, Eryapus), (Ikelibeloha, Iturnoria)) and thus a re-lationship between previously described Acostemmini, Ikelibeloha, and Iturnoria has strong statistical support, and aclose relationship is inferred between these and the morphologically similar Alocoelidia, Caelidioides, and Protonesis.Two new species of Alocoelidia, A. maurae sp. n. and A. chasei sp. n. are described, and the genus is redescribed. Themale genitalia of Caelidioides tristis (Signoret), Iturnoria insulana, Alocoelidia fulva, and Acostemella rubra Evans areillustrated and described for the first time. The female genitalia of A. fulva, C. tristis and I. insulana are described and thefirst and second valvulae of C. tristis are illustrated. The habitus and face of Protonesis delegorguei are illustrated and thegenus is redescribed. The characters traditionally used to define Acostemmini are reviewed with notes on their known de-grees of variation, and characters that differentiate Acostemmini from the closely related tribe Stegelytrini are discussed.The type of Malagasiella minima Evans was also examined, and Malagasiella Evans, 1954 is considered a junior syn-onym of Doratulina Melichar, 1903 (Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini), syn. n. giving the new combination Doratulina minima (Evans) comb. n.

scholarly journals Structure and distribution of glandular trichomes in three species of Bignoniaceae

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabíola Fernandes Paiva de Castro FRÓES ◽  
Thália do Socorro Serra GAMA ◽  
Ana Carla FEIO ◽  
Diego DEMARCO ◽  
Ana Cristina Andrade de AGUIAR-DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Electron Microscopies ◽  
Nodal Region ◽  
Peltate Trichomes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Glandular trichomes play a major role in the morphological characterization of the Bignoniaceae. Due to their great diversity of forms and functions, this study aimed to inventory the glandular trichomes present in the aerial vegetative axis of Amphilophium magnoliifolium, Martinella obovata and Stizophyllum riparium, analyze their structure and register the participation of ants in these plants. Fresh samples from the nodal region, petiole and from medium to apical regions of the leaflet blade were fixed and processed according to usual methods in light and scanning electron microscopies. The glandular trichomes found were: peltate, capitate, stipitate, and patelliform/cupular. Peltate trichomes are the most abundant ones and present the most uniform distribution. Patelliform/cupular trichomes occur at specific regions, such as prophylls, leaflet blade and nodal regions. Martinella obovata is the only species that presents capitate and stipitate trichomes, which are widely distributed along the entire aerial vegetative axis. Ants were found in all species, mainly at nodal regions. The occurrence of the capitate-type trichome is reported for the first time to the genus.

scholarly journals Palynological characterization of honey samples from Kwara State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
SD Oyeyemi ◽  
J Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Family Level

Palynological analysis of honey samples from different localities in Kwara State, Nigeria was carried out to isolate and identified pollen types in the honey samples. Out of forty two pollen types belonging to twenty two botanical families recovered, twenty five were identified to species level, eight to genus level and eight to family level. A total of 849,978 pollen grains were counted with 46,355 in Shao, 101,356 in Ganmo, 22,000 in Idofian, 28,337 in Omupo, 200,090 in Iludun Oro, 298,079 in Ijagbo, 22,100 in Offa I and 131,142 in Afon. The major pollen occurrences in the honey samples include those of Sarcocephaluslatifolius, Parkiabiglobosa, Phyllantusdiscoideus, Tridaxprocubens, Combretaceae/Melastomataceae, Spondiasmombins and Hymenocardiaacida. Other important honey plants identified are Elaeisguineensis, Lanneasp, Parinarisp, Celtissp and Entadaabssynica. All these are characteristic plant taxa of the Forest-Savanna ecotype of the studied area. The presence of relatively high quantity of pollen shows their richness in pollen composition and also a clear evidence that the honey are from botanical sourceand also multifloral.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(1), 7-14, 2017

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