scholarly journals Scale-Up of Biosynthesis Process of Bacterial Nanocellulose

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1920
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Shavyrkina ◽  
Vera V. Budaeva ◽  
Ekaterina A. Skiba ◽  
Galina F. Mironova ◽  
Nikolay V. Bychin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Capillary Viscosimetry

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a unique product of microbiological synthesis, having a lot of applications among which the most important is biomedicine. Objective complexities in scaling up the biosynthesis of BNC are associated with the nature of microbial producers for which BNC is not the target metabolite, therefore biosynthesis lasts long, with the BNC yield being small. Thus, the BNC scale-up problem has not yet been overcome. Here we performed biosynthesis of three scaled sheets of BNC (each having a surface area of 29,400 cm2, a container volume of 441 L, and a nutrient medium volume of 260 L and characterized them. The static biosynthesis of BNC in a semisynthetic nutrient medium was scaled up using the Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 symbiotic culture. The experiment was run in duplicate. The BNC pellicle was removed once from the nutrient medium in the first experiment and twice in the second experiment, in which case the inoculum and glucose were not additionally added to the medium. The resultant BNC sheets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, capillary viscosimetry, infrared spectroscopy, thermomechanical and thermogravimetric analyses. When the nutrient medium was scaled up from 0.1 to 260 L, the elastic modulus of BNC samples increased tenfold and the degree of polymerization 2.5-fold. Besides, we demonstrated that scaled BNC sheets could be removed at least twice from one volume of the nutrient medium, with the yield and quality of BNC remaining the same. Consequently, the world’s largest BNC sheets 210 cm long and 140 cm wide, having a surface area of 29,400 cm2 each (weighing 16.24 to 17.04 kg), have been obtained in which an adult with burns or vast wounds can easily be wrapped. The resultant sheets exhibit a typical architecture of cellulosic fibers that form a spatial 3D structure which refers to individual and extremely important characteristics of BNC. Here we thus demonstrated the scale-up of biosynthesis of BNC with improved properties, and this result was achieved by using the symbiotic culture.

scholarly journals Agrobiological evaluation of new apple clonal rootstocks of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection using different breeding methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Zinaida N. Tarova ◽  
Nataliya L. Churikova ◽  
Maxim L. Dubrovsky ◽  
Andrey V. Kruzhkov ◽  
Natalya N. Savelyeva
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
University Selection

The results of many years of research on propagation of promising forms of clonal stocks of apple trees of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection in the mother plantation by stooling, by herbaceous cuttings and by clonal micropropagation are presented. According to the complex of economic and biological features, promising clonal rootstocks of an apple tree with high shoot-forming capacity in the mother plant were identified: dwarf apple trees 2-3-49, 2-15-2, 2-15-15, 3-4-7, 5-21-27; semi dwarf apple trees 2-3-14, 2-9-49, 2-9-102, 2-12-10, 5-24-1, 5-27-1. The rootstocks that are promising for propagation by herbaceous cuttings – 2-3-14, 2-3-49, 2-12-10, 2-15-15, 3-4-7, 5-21-93; at the same time, treatment with exogenous promoters such as IBA and NAA at a concentration of 50 mg/l increases the yield and quality of stock material. A modified MSO nutrient medium with the addition of 0.5-1.0 mg/l of 6-BAP and 0.1-0.2 mg/l of IBA is selected for the clonal micropropagation of apple stocks.

scholarly journals Pore structure and surface area of silica SBA-15: influence of washing and scale-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg P Thielemann ◽  
Frank Girgsdies ◽  
Robert Schlögl ◽  
Christian Hess
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Batch Sizes ◽  
Ethanol Washing ◽  
Solvent Volume

The removal of the surfactant (EO20PO70EO20) by washing before final calcination is a critical step in the synthesis of silica SBA-15. In contrast to washing with pure water or ethanol, washing with water and ethanol may, depending on the quantity of solvent used, alter the homogeneity and order of the pores, but also lead to an increase of the surface area of SBA-15. A reduction of solvent volume and a controlled washing protocol allow the synthesis of high surface area SBA-15 materials with a narrow monomodal pore size distribution. For larger batch sizes the influence of the quantity of solvent on the quality of the SBA-15 is reduced.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of Bacterial Cellulose by Extended Cultivation with Multiple Removal of BC Pellicles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2118
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Skiba ◽  
Nadezhda A. Shavyrkina ◽  
Vera V. Budaeva ◽  
Anastasia E. Sitnikova ◽  
Anna A. Korchagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Process Scale Up ◽  
Process Scale ◽  
Better Than

Extended cultivation with multiple removal of BC pellicles is proposed herein as a new biosynthetic process for bacterial cellulose (BC). This method enhances the BC surface area by 5–11 times per unit volume of the growth medium, improving the economic efficiency of biosynthesis. The resultant BC gel-films were thin, transparent, and congruent. The degree of polymerization (DP) and elastic modulus (EM) depended on the number of BC pellicle removals, vessel shape, and volume. The quality of BC from removals II–III to VII was better than from removal I. The process scale-up of 1:40 by volume increased DP by 1.5 times and EM by 5 times. A fact was established that the symbiotic Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 was adaptable to exhausted growth medium: the medium was able to biosynthesize BC for 60 days, while glucose ran low at 24 days. On extended cultivation, DP and EM were found to decline by 39–64% and 57–65%, respectively. The BC gel-films obtained upon removals I–VI were successfully trialed in experimental tension-free hernioplasty.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE OBTAINED BY PROLONGED CULTIVATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
А.Е. Ситникова ◽  
Н.А. Шавыркина ◽  
В.В. Будаева ◽  
А.А. Корчагина ◽  
Н.В. Бычин
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Container ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽  
Prolonged Cultivation

Бактериальная наноцеллюлоза (БНЦ) обладает уникальными физико-механическими свойствами, вследствие чего имеет огромный прикладной потенциал. Целью данной работы являлось исследование физико-механических свойств образцов БНЦ, синтезированных продуцентом Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 на полусинтетической питательной среде методом продленного культивирования. Образцы БНЦ были высушены на воздухе. В статье приведены данные по изучению свойств БНЦ, полученной в емкостях различного объема и изготовленных из разных материалов: в ёмкости малого объема 0,25 л (эксперимент № 1, пластиковый контейнер, заполнение 0,20 л), в ёмкости объемом 45 л (эксперимент № 2, эмалированный сосуд, заполнение 8 л) и в ёмкости объемом 17,3 л (эксперимент № 3, стеклянная ёмкость, заполнение 8 л). Данный метод предполагает многократный отъём гель-пленок БНЦ с одной и той же питательной среды без дополнительного внесения инокулята и питательных веществ: пятикратно в эксперименте № 1, семикратно в эксперименте № 2, одиннадцатикратно в эксперименте № 3. Установлено, что наибольшая толщина образцов БНЦ наблюдается на 6-е сутки культивирования в эксперименте № 1 – 0,020 мм; на 10-е сутки в эксперименте № 2 – 0,020 мм; на 4-е и 7-е сутки культивирования в эксперименте № 3 – 0,013 мм. Максимальная прочность при разрыве для образцов экспериментальной серии № 1 составила 84 МПа (II отъём БНЦ, 6-е сутки культивирования), для серии № 2 – 177 МПа (III отъём БНЦ, 10-е сутки культивирования), в эксперименте № 3 – 265 МПа (VII отъём БНЦ, 32-сутки культивирования). Наибольшие значения степени полимеризации зафиксированы в экспериментах № 2 и № 3 (5550), что в 1,5 раза больше, чем в эксперименте № 1 (3750). Модуль Юнга образцов БНЦ в эксперименте № 1 (1403 МПа) в 3,9 раза меньше, чем модуль Юнга образцов, полученных в эксперименте № 2 (5433 МПа) и в 5,2 раза меньше, чем модуль Юнга образцов, полученных в эксперименте № 3 (7250 МПа). Отсутствие литературных данных о продленном культивировании БНЦ не позволяет сравнить полученные результаты, но обосновывает несомненный приоритет проведенных исследований. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has unique physical and mechanical properties, as a result of which it has a huge applied potential. The aim of this work was to study the physical and mechanical properties of BNC samples synthesized by the producer of Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 on a semi-synthetic nutrient medium by the method of prolonged cultivation. BNTs samples were air dried. The article presents data on the study of the properties of BNC obtained in containers of various volumes and made of different materials: in a small-volume container of 0.25 L (experiment No. 1, plastic container, filling 0.20 L), in a container with a volume of 45 L (experiment No. 2, enameled vessel, filling 8 L) and in a container with a volume of 17.3 L (experiment No. 3, glass container, filling 8 L). This method involves multiple weaning of BNC gel films from the same nutrient medium without additional addition of inoculum and nutrients: five times in experiment No. 1, seven times in experiment No. 2, eleven times in experiment No. 3. It was found that the greatest thickness of BNC samples is observed on the 6thday of cultivation in experiment No. 1 – 0.020 mm; on the 10th day in experiment No. 2 – 0.020 mm; on the 4th and 7th days of cultivation in experiment No. 3 – 0.013 mm. The maximum tensile strength for samples of experimental series No. 1 was 84 MPa (II weaning BNTs, 6th day of cultivation), for series No. 2 – 177 MPa (III weaning of BNC, 10th day of cultivation), in experiment No. 3 – 265 MPa (VII weaning BNC, 32-day cultivation). The highest values ​​of the degree of polymerization were recorded in experiments No. 2 and No. 3 (5550), which is 1.5 times more than in experiment No. 1 (3750). Young’s modulus of BNC specimens in experiment No. 1 (1403 MPa) is 3.9 times less than Young’s modulus of specimens obtained in experiment No. 2 (5433 MPa) and 5.2 times less than Young’s modulus of specimens obtained in experiment No. 3 (7250 MPa). The lack of literature data on prolonged cultivation of BNC does not allow us to compare the results obtained, but justifies the undoubted priority of the studies performed.

scholarly journals High-performance cellulosic filament fibers prepared via dry-jet wet spinning from ionic liquids

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc P. Vocht ◽  
Ronald Beyer ◽  
Patricija Thomasic ◽  
Alexandra Müller ◽  
Antje Ota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Alkali Resistance ◽  
Wet Spinning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
First Time

AbstractWe report on a new process for the spinning of high-performance cellulosic fibers. For the first time, cellulose has been dissolved in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium octanoate ([C2C1im][Oc]) via a thin film evaporator in a continuous process. Compared to other ILs, [C2C1im][Oc] shows no signs of hydrolysis with water. For dope preparation the degree of polymerization of the pulp was adjusted by electron beam irradiation and determined by viscosimetry. In addition, the quality of the pulp was evaluated by means of alkali resistance. Endless filament fibers have been spun using dry-jet wet spinning and an extruder instead of a spinning pump, which significantly increases productivity. By this approach, more than 1000 m of continuous multifilament fibers have been spun. The novel approach allows for preparing cellulose fibers with high Young's modulus (33 GPa) and unprecedented high tensile strengths up to 45 cN/tex. The high performance of the obtained fibers provides a promising outlook for their application as replacement material for rayon-based tire cord fibers.

scholarly journals Optimizing Yield and Quality of Bio-Oil: A Comparative Study of Acacia tortilis and Pine Dust

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Gratitude Charis ◽  
Gwiranai Danha ◽  
Edison Muzenda
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Condenser Temperature

We collected pine dust and Acacia tortilis samples from Zimbabwe and Botswana, respectively. We then pyrolyzed them in a bench-scale plant under varying conditions. This investigation aimed to determine an optimum temperature that will give result to maximum yield and quality of the bio-oil fraction. Our experimental results show that we obtain the maximum yield of the oil fraction at a pyrolysis temperature of 550 °C for the acacia and at 500 °C for the pine dust. Our results also show that we obtain an oil fraction with a heating value (HHV) of 36.807 MJ/kg using acacia as the feed material subject to a primary condenser temperature of 140 °C. Under the same pyrolysis temperature, we obtain an HHV value of 15.78 MJ/kg using pine dust as the raw material at a primary condenser temperature of 110 °C. The bio-oil fraction we obtain from Acacia tortilis at these condensation temperatures has an average pH value of 3.42 compared to that of 2.50 from pine dust. The specific gravity of the oil from Acacia tortilis is 1.09 compared to that of 1.00 from pine dust. We elucidated that pine dust has a higher bio-oil yield of 46.1% compared to 41.9% obtained for acacia. Although the heavy oils at condenser temperatures above 100 °C had good HHVs, the yields were low, ranging from 2.8% to 4.9% for acacia and 0.2% to 12.7% for pine dust. Our future work will entail efforts to improve the yield of the heavy oil fraction and scale up our results for trials on plant scale capacity.

Evolution of yield and quality of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) in the spring growth cycle

Agronomie ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Borreani ◽  
Pier Giorgio Peiretti ◽  
Ernesto Tabacco
Keyword(s):  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Yield And Quality

Орошение томата F1 Донской в открытом грунте Московской области

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Engalychev ◽  
N.A. Engalycheva ◽  
A.M. Menshikh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Alluvial Meadow ◽  
Standard Production ◽  
Moscow River

Представлены экспериментальные данные о влиянии капельного орошения на урожайность и качество плодов томата при выращивании культуры в открытом грунте Московской области. На плодородных аллювиальных луговых почвах Москворецкой поймы при соблюдении агротехники без орошения в среднем за три года исследований в полевых условиях получена урожайность томата F1 Донской 31,9 т/га, с орошением 48,5 т/га, в т.ч. стандартной продукции 42,6 т/га.The article presents experimental data on the effect of drip irrigation on the yield and quality of tomato fruits when growing crops in open ground of the Moscow Region. On fertile alluvial meadow soils of the Moscow river floodplain, with the observance of agricultural technology without irrigation, the field yield of tomato hybrid F1 Donskoi on average for three years of research was 31.9 t/ha, with irrigation 48.5 t/ha, incl. standard production 42.6 t/ha.

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