scholarly journals CeO2 Nanoparticle-Containing Polymers for Biomedical Applications: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 924
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Shcherbakov ◽  
Vladimir V. Reukov ◽  
Alexander V. Yakimansky ◽  
Elena L. Krasnopeeva ◽  
Olga S. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Advanced Composite ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Biomedical Polymers ◽  
Biomedical Potential

The development of advanced composite biomaterials combining the versatility and biodegradability of polymers and the unique characteristics of metal oxide nanoparticles unveils new horizons in emerging biomedical applications, including tissue regeneration, drug delivery and gene therapy, theranostics and medical imaging. Nanocrystalline cerium(IV) oxide, or nanoceria, stands out from a crowd of other metal oxides as being a truly unique material, showing great potential in biomedicine due to its low systemic toxicity and numerous beneficial effects on living systems. The combination of nanoceria with new generations of biomedical polymers, such as PolyHEMA (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based hydrogels, electrospun nanofibrous polycaprolactone or natural-based chitosan or cellulose, helps to expand the prospective area of applications by facilitating their bioavailability and averting potential negative effects. This review describes recent advances in biomedical polymeric material practices, highlights up-to-the-minute cerium oxide nanoparticle applications, as well as polymer-nanoceria composites, and aims to address the question: how can nanoceria enhance the biomedical potential of modern polymeric materials?

scholarly journals Bioinspired by cell membranes: functional polymeric materials for biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu Chen ◽  
Jianshu Li
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Biomedical Polymers

This review describes the functional biomedical polymers developed by the biomimetic/bioinspired strategies from various prototypes of cell membranes.

Correlation of the stoichiometries of poly(ε-caprolactone) and α-cyclodextrin pseudorotaxanes with their solution rheology and the molecular orientation, crystallite size, and thermomechanical properties of their nanofibers

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (112) ◽  
pp. 111326-111336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Narayanan ◽  
Ching-Chang Chung ◽  
Remil Aguda ◽  
Ramiz Boy ◽  
Matthew Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Biomedical Polymers ◽  
Solution Rheology

Pseudorotaxane nanofibers based on biomedical polymers, such as poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and α-cyclodextrins (α-CD) open new horizons for a variety of biomedical applications.

Diabetes and Heart Failure: Is it Hyperglycemia or Hyperinsulinemia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triantafyllos Didangelos ◽  
Konstantinos Kantartzis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

The cardiac effects of exogenously administered insulin for the treatment of diabetes (DM) have recently attracted much attention. In particular, it has been questioned whether insulin is the appropriate treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure. While several old and some new studies suggested that insulin treatment has beneficial effects on the heart, recent observational studies indicate associations of insulin treatment with an increased risk of developing or worsening of pre-existing heart failure and higher mortality rates. However, there is actually little evidence that the associations of insulin administration with any adverse outcomes are causal. On the other hand, insulin clearly causes weight gain and may also cause serious episodes of hypoglycemia. Moreover, excess of insulin (hyperinsulinemia), as often seen with the use of injected insulin, seems to predispose to inflammation, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Nevertheless, it should be stressed that most of the data concerning the effects of insulin on cardiac function derive from in vitro studies with isolated animal hearts. Therefore, the relevance of the findings of such studies for humans should be considered with caution. In the present review, we summarize the existing data about the potential positive and negative effects of insulin on the heart and attempt to answer the question whether any adverse effects of insulin or the consequences of hyperglycemia are more important and may provide a better explanation of the close association of DM with heart failure.

scholarly journals Can Ultrasound Therapy Be an Environmental-Friendly Alternative to Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment?

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2715
Author(s):  
Rodica Ana Ungur ◽  
Viorela Mihaela Ciortea ◽  
Laszlo Irsay ◽  
Alina Deniza Ciubean ◽  
Bogdana Adriana Năsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Therapy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Chemical Pollutants ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Function

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most used drugs in knee OA (osteoarthritis) treatment. Despite their efficiency in pain and inflammation alleviation, NSAIDs accumulate in the environment as chemical pollutants and have numerous genetic, morphologic, and functional negative effects on plants and animals. Ultrasound (US) therapy can improve pain, inflammation, and function in knee OA, without impact on environment, and with supplementary metabolic beneficial effects on cartilage compared to NSAIDs. These features recommend US therapy as alternative for NSAIDs use in knee OA treatment.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Bio-Phenolic/Epoxy Polymer Blends

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Ahmad Safwan Ismail ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Norul Hisham Hamid ◽  
Ridwan Yahaya ◽  
Azman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Different Types

Polymer blends is a well-established and suitable method to produced new polymeric materials as compared to synthesis of a new polymer. The combination of two different types of polymers will produce a new and unique material, which has the attribute of both polymers. The aim of this work is to analyze mechanical and morphological properties of bio-phenolic/epoxy polymer blends to find the best formulation for future study. Bio-phenolic/epoxy polymer blends were fabricated using the hand lay-up method at different loading of bio-phenolic (5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, and 25 wt%) in the epoxy matrix whereas neat bio-phenolic and epoxy samples were also fabricated for comparison. Results indicated that mechanical properties were improved for bio-phenolic/epoxy polymer blends compared to neat epoxy and phenolic. In addition, there is no sign of phase separation in polymer blends. The highest tensile, flexural, and impact strength was shown by P-20(biophenolic-20 wt% and Epoxy-80 wt%) whereas P-25 (biophenolic-25 wt% and Epoxy-75 wt%) has the highest tensile and flexural modulus. Based on the finding, it is concluded that P-20 shows better overall mechanical properties among the polymer blends. Based on this finding, the bio-phenolic/epoxy blend with 20 wt% will be used for further study on flax-reinforced bio-phenolic/epoxy polymer blends.

scholarly journals Effect of 12 Months of Exercise with Stachys Lavandulifolia Consumption on anxiety, Metabolic Syndrome Profiles and Antioxidant Defense and Lipid Peroxidation in Women with Syndrome Metabolic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali osali ◽  
Alireza Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After

Abstract BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 months of aerobic exercise combining stachys lavandulifolia (S. lavandulifolia) consumption on anxiety, Metabolic Syndrome profiles and antioxidant defense (Glutathione) and lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde) in 50-65 years old women with syndrome metabolic.Methods48 women with syndrome Metabolic were randomly divided into four groups: exercise (n=12), exercise+S. lavandulifolia (n=12), S. lavandulifolia (n=12) and control group (n=12). S. lavandulifolia groups consumed 3 g aerial parts of S. lavandulifolia daily. Training groups performed an exercise protocol of aerobic exercise for 12 months (three sessions per week). Blood samples were obtained before and after training period for antioxidant indicators and lipid degradation measurement. Also, Beck anxiety questionnaire used for evaluating levels of anxiety. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for the evaluation of within-group and between-group differences, respectively.ResultsA significant increase was observed in serum levels of Malondialdehyde (P =0.004), Catalase indexes (Pvalue= 0.01), and Glutathione (P=0.001) in the training group and S. lavandulifolia groups after 12 months. Body weight, BMI, and SBP and Anexiety was decreased significantly greater in exercise +S. lavandulifolia group compared to control, exercise and S. lavandulifolia groups (P=0.001)ConclusionAnxiolytic effect and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activity was seen, so taking S. lavandulifolia along with exercises may have beneficial effects on reinforcement the antioxidant system and prevention of anxiety and The negative effects of indicators related to cardiovascular disease in women with metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Metal Nanozymes: New Horizons in Cellular Homeostasis Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9019
Author(s):  
Hanna Lewandowska ◽  
Karolina Wójciuk ◽  
Urszula Karczmarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Homeostasis Regulation ◽  
State Changes

Nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity (nanozymes) have found applications in various fields of medicine, industry, and environmental protection. This review discusses the use of nanozymes in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. We also review the latest biomedical applications of nanozymes related to their use in cellular redox status modification and detection. We present how nanozymes enable biomedical advances and demonstrate basic design strategies to improve diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy in various diseases. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future directions for developing nanozymes for applications in the regulation of the redox-dependent cellular processes and detection in the cellular redox state changes.

scholarly journals Beginning to See the Light: Lessons Learned From the Development of the Circadian System for Optimizing Light Conditions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther M. Hazelhoff ◽  
Jeroen Dudink ◽  
Johanna H. Meijer ◽  
Laura Kervezee
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects

The circadian timing system optimizes health by temporally coordinating behavior and physiology. During mammalian gestation, fetal circadian rhythms are synchronized by the daily fluctuations in maternal body temperature, hormones and nutrients. Circadian disruption during pregnancy is associated with negative effects on developmental outcomes in the offspring, highlighting the importance of regular and robust 24-h rhythms over gestation. In the case of preterm birth (before 37 weeks of gestation), maternal cues no longer synchronize the neonate’s circadian system, which may adversely affect the neonate. There is increasing evidence that introducing robust light-dark cycles in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit has beneficial effects on clinical outcomes in preterm infants, such as weight gain and hospitalization time, compared to infants exposed to constant light or constant near-darkness. However, the biological basis for these effects and the relationship with the functional and anatomical development of the circadian system is not fully understood. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the effects of light-dark cycles on clinical outcomes of preterm neonates in the NICU and its alignment with the development of the circadian system.

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