scholarly journals Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomers Filled with Rod-Like α-MnO2 Nanoparticles: An Interplay of Structure and Electrorheological Performance

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2810
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Agafonov ◽  
Anton S. Kraev ◽  
Anastasia A. Egorova ◽  
Alexander E. Baranchikov ◽  
Sergey A. Kozyukhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Filled Elastomers ◽  
Filled Elastomer ◽  
Mno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Storage And Loss Moduli ◽  
Rheological Effect ◽  
First Time

For the first time, electroactive nanocomposite elastomers based on polydimethylsiloxane and filled with rod-like α-MnO2 nanoparticles have been obtained. The curing of the filled elastomer in an electric field, resulting in the ordering of the α-MnO2 particles, had a significant effect on the degree of polymer crosslinking, as well as on the electrorheological characteristics of the nanocomposites obtained through this process, namely the values of the storage and loss moduli. The dielectric spectra of filled elastomers in the frequency range 25–106 Hz were analysed in terms of interfacial relaxation processes. It has been shown, for the first time, that the application of an electric field leads to a decrease in the value of the Payne effect in composite elastomers. Analysis of the rheological effect in the obtained materials has demonstrated the possibility of designing highly efficient electrorheological elastomers that change their elastic properties by 4.3 times in electric fields of up to 2 kV/mm.

Regional Dynamic Tensile Properties of the TMJ Disc

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1053-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Snider ◽  
J. Lomakin ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
S.H. Gehrke ◽  
M.S. Detamore
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Zone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dynamic Moduli ◽  
Storage And Loss Moduli ◽  
Tmj Disc ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Distinct Character ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dynamic Tensile Properties

Although the TMJ disc has been well-characterized under tension and compression, dynamic viscoelastic regional and directional variations have heretofore not been investigated. We hypothesized that the intermediate zone under mediolateral tension would exhibit lower dynamic moduli compared with the other regions of the disc under either mediolateral or anteroposterior tension. Specimens were prepared from porcine discs (3 regions/direction), and dynamic tensile sweeps were performed at 1% strain over a frequency range of 0.1 to 100 rad/sec. Generally, the intermediate zone possessed the lowest storage and loss moduli, and the highest loss tangent. This study further accentuates the known distinct character of the intermediate zone by showing for the first time that these differences also extend to dynamic behavior, perhaps implicating the TMJ disc as a structure primarily exposed to predominantly anteroposterior tension via anterior and posterior attachments, with a need for great distension mediolaterally across the intermediate zone.

scholarly journals The MEFISTO and WPT Electric Field Sensors of the Plasma Wave Investigation on the BepiColombo Mio Spacecraft

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Karlsson ◽  
Y. Kasaba ◽  
J.-E. Wahlund ◽  
P. Henri ◽  
L. Bylander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Plasma Wave ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dipole Antennas ◽  
Electric Field Sensors ◽  
Electric Field Measurements

AbstractThis paper describes the design of MEFISTO (Mercury Electric Field In-Situ Tool) and WPT (Wire Probe Antenna) electric field sensors for Plasma Wave Investigation (PWI) on the BepiColombo Mio spacecraft (Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter, MMO). The two sensors will enable the first observations of electric fields, plasma waves and radio waves in and around the Hermean magnetosphere and exosphere. MEFISTO and WPT are dipole antennas with 31.6 m tip-to-tip length. Each antenna element has a spherical probe at each end of the wire (15 m length). They are extended orthogonally in the spin plane of the spacecraft and enable measurements of the electric field in the frequency range of DC to 10 MHz by the connection to two sets of receivers, EWO for a lower frequency range and SORBET for higher frequencies. In the initial operations after the launch (20 Oct. 2018), we succeeded to confirm the health of both antennas and to release the launch lock of the WPT. After Mercury orbit insertion planned at the end of 2025, both sensors will be fully deployed and activate full operations of the PWI electric field measurements.

scholarly journals Electrorheological Behavior of Suspensions of Polyimide-Based on the Sodium Salt of 2,5-Diaminobenzenesulfonic Acid

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Semenov ◽  
Alexander Danilin ◽  
Yulia Karnet ◽  
Elena Kelbysheva
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Electrorheological Suspensions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Electrorheological Properties

Electrorheological suspensions (ERS) of polyimide particles with organoelement fragments from the sodium salt of 2,5-diaminobenzene sulfonic acid were obtained for the first time. Their rheological and electrorheological characteristics, their dependence on the parameters of deformation, and the intensity of the external electric field were studied. It was found that the ERS of PI-Na polyimide particles have a significant electrorheological response. Solid-polyimide materials were previously studied using a scanning electron microscope. The effect of the polyimide concentration on the properties of the solution was studied by spectrophotometry. It was shown that polyimide suspension is a result of increasing intensity as the electric field changes the flow type from Newtonian to pseudoplastic due to polarization of the particles and formation of the chain structures along the power lines of the electric field. The influence of temperature on the change of rheological and electrorheological properties of a polyimide ERS in constant electric fields was investigated.

scholarly journals Visualization of an Accelerated Electrochemical Reaction under an Enhanced Electric Field

Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chen Cui ◽  
Rong Jin ◽  
Dechen Jiang ◽  
Jianrong Zhang ◽  
Junjie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electrochemical Reaction ◽  
Ruthenium Complex ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Heterogeneous Interfaces ◽  
Electrochemical Mechanism ◽  
High Electric Fields ◽  
First Time

Locally enhanced electric fields produced by high-curvature structures have been reported to boost the charge transport process and improve the relevant catalytic activity. However, no visual evidence has been achieved to support this new electrochemical mechanism. Here, accelerated electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reactions emitting light are visualized for the first time at the heterogeneous interfaces between microbowls and the supporting electrode surface. The simulation result shows that the electric intensity at the interface with a high curvature is 40-fold higher than that at the planar surface. Consequently, local high electric fields concentrate reactive species to the heterogeneous interfaces and efficiently promote the charge transport reactions, which directly leads to the enhancement of ECL emission surrounding the microbowls. Additionally, the potential to induce visual ECL from a ruthenium complex drops to 0.9 V, which further illustrates the promotion of an electrochemical reaction with the aid of an enhanced electric field. This important visualization of electric field boosted electrochemical reactions helps to establish the proposed electron transfer mechanism and provide an alternative strategy to improve electrocatalytic efficiency.

scholarly journals Continuous Operation of a Bragg Diffraction Type Electrooptic Frequency Shifter at 16 GHz with 65% Efficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shintaro Hisatake ◽  
Kenji Hattori ◽  
Tadao Nagatsuma
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Microstrip Line ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Bragg Diffraction ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Frequency Shifter ◽  
Modulation Signal ◽  
First Time

We demonstrate for the first time the continuous operation of a Bragg diffraction type electrooptic (EO) frequency shifter using a 16 GHz modulation signal. Because frequency shifting is based on the Bragg diffraction from an EO traveling phase grating (ETPG), this device can operate even in the millimeter-wave (>30 GHz) range or higher frequency range. The ETPG is generated based on the interaction between a modulation microwave guided by a microstrip line and a copropagating lightwave guided by a planner waveguide in a domain-engineered LiTaO3 EO crystal. In this work, the modulation power efficiency was improved by a factor of 11 compared with that of bulk devices by thinning the substrate so that the modulation electric field in the optical waveguide was enhanced. A shifting efficiency of 65% was achieved at the modulation power of 3 W.

Photoelectronic properties of YBa2Cu3O6

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 512-517
Author(s):  
Bruno Ullrich ◽  
Ibrahim Kulaç ◽  
Harald Pint
Keyword(s):  
Band Structure ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Fair Agreement ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Tunneling Phenomena ◽  
High Electric Fields ◽  
First Time ◽  
Franz Keldysh Effect ◽  
Complex Manner

The photocurrent and luminescence properties of thin (1 μm) YBa2Cu3O6 films on sapphire at 77 and 300 K are reported. We demonstrate that the luminescence mechanism of YBa2Cu3O6 depends considerably on the wavelength of the excitation used. Completely different luminescence responses are observed with the 351 and 458 nm lines. A fair agreement, like that in semiconductors with band-to-band transitions, is found between photocurrent and luminescence excited by the 458 nm line. The influence of high electric fields (≤ 5 780 V cm−1) on the photocurrent and luminescence of YBa2Cu3O6 is investigated for the first time. Similar effects on photon-induced tunneling phenomena (Franz–Keldysh effect) are observed. However, we show that the observed effects cannot be explained by photon-induced tunneling phenomena only since the influence of an electric field on the band structure of YBa2Cu3O6 is not only restricted to a bending of bands but modifies the band structure in a more complex manner.

scholarly journals Fast water channeling across carbon nanotubes in far infrared terahertz electric fields

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1886-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Lin Zhang ◽  
Rong-Yao Yang ◽  
Wei-Zhou Jiang ◽  
Zi-Qian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the water channeling across single-walled carbon nanotubes can greatly be affected by the terahertz electric field through the resonant mechanisms induced by various vortical modes in a broad frequency range.

scholarly journals Electric Field and Dispersion Characteristic Calculations of Glass Tube Waveguides Filled with Biological Substances

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Plonis ◽  
Juozas Bučinskas ◽  
Raimondas Pomarnacki ◽  
Darius Miniotas ◽  
Šarūnas Paulikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Magnetic Core ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Broad Bandwidth ◽  
Inner Radius ◽  
Core Modes

This study presents calculation of dispersion characteristics in the frequency range 1–100 GHz as well as electric field distributions in an open cylindrical waveguide with a central channel. The waveguide is made of glass material. The channel can be either empty or filled with blood plasma or blood cells. We investigated two kinds of electromagnetic (ЕМ) waves, the “tube” and “core” modes, each having a different structure of their electric fields. In the current study, the analysis focused on the fundamental and the first higher hybrid magnetic and electric “tube” modes. The fundamental “tube” mode that propagates in the waveguide filled with blood plasma is characterized by a very small loss at frequencies above 65 GHz. Meanwhile, the first higher mode suffers from strong attenuation in the same frequency range. This calls for finding ways to improve the waveguide’s broad-bandwidth. Our approach involves determining the dependence of this parameter on the inner radius of the waveguide. Extremes of the waveguide’s broad-bandwidth are observed at certain values of its inner radius. When the waveguide is filled with blood plasma or blood cells, the electric fields of the magnetic “tube” mode concentrate around the channel, and the electric field intensity decreases with the propagation of this mode along the waveguide, i.e., with increase of coordinate z. If the channel is filled with blood cells, the electric field of the hybrid magnetic “core” mode is concentrated in the center of the waveguide. This mode is characterized by a large attenuation h”, which reaches 500 m−1 at 30 GHz.

scholarly journals Electrorheological Properties of Polydimethylsiloxane/TiO2-Based Composite Elastomers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Agafonov ◽  
Anton S. Kraev ◽  
Alexander E. Baranchikov ◽  
Vladimir K. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Storage Modulus ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Filled Elastomers ◽  
Elastomeric Matrix ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
First Time ◽  
Electrorheological Properties ◽  
Hydrated Titanium

Electrorheological elastomers based on polydimethylsiloxane filled with hydrated titanium dioxide with a particle size of 100–200 nm were obtained by polymerization of the elastomeric matrix, either in the presence, or in the absence, of an external electric field. The viscoelastic and dielectric properties of the obtained elastomers were compared. Analysis of the storage modulus and loss modulus of the filled elastomers made it possible to reveal the influence of the electric field on the Payne effect in electrorheological elastomers. The elastomer vulcanized in the electric field showed high values of electrorheological sensitivity, 250% for storage modulus and 1100% for loss modulus. It was shown, for the first time, that vulcanization of filled elastomers in the electric field leads to a significant decrease in the degree of crosslinking in the elastomer. This effect should be taken into account in the design of electroactive elastomeric materials.

scholarly journals A Molecular Basis of Olfaction: Odorant‑Specific Electric-Field Emission

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank LaBella ◽  
Filipe Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Electric Field Sensor ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Field Sensor ◽  
Electric Field Profile

The olfactory system is capable of distinguishing individual odorants from among  a virtually unlimited number. Fish, for example, detect changes in the electric field environment induced by prey and other sources.   Floral electric fields exhibit variations in pattern and structure, which can be discriminated by bumblebees.  We have constructed an electric field sensor, which, in the course of focussing on achieving maximum sensitivity and consistency, ultimately resembles features of the insect sensorium. A “fingerprint” 3D plot ( time, frequency range, voltage amplitude), representing the emitted electric field profile, is presented for each of a variety of odorants and other chemicals. The substance-specific electric-field emission and identification is not impeded by containers or barriers or distance.

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