scholarly journals Gelatin Microsphere for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Current and Future Strategies

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2404
Author(s):  
Shamsul Bin Sulaiman ◽  
Ruszymah Binti Haji Idrus ◽  
Ng Min Hwei
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Gelatin Microsphere ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Cartilage Construct

The gelatin microsphere (GM) provides an attractive option for tissue engineering due to its versatility, as reported by various studies. This review presents the history, characteristics of, and the multiple approaches to, the production of GM, and in particular, the water in oil emulsification technique. Thereafter, the application of GM as a drug delivery system for cartilage diseases is introduced. The review then focusses on the emerging application of GM as a carrier for cells and biologics, and biologics delivery within a cartilage construct. The influence of GM on chondrocytes in terms of promoting chondrocyte proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation is highlighted. Furthermore, GM seeded with cells has been shown to have a high tendency to form aggregates; hence the concept of using GM seeded with cells as the building block for the formation of a complex tissue construct. Despite the advancement in GM research, some issues must still be addressed, particularly the improvement of GM’s ability to home to defect sites. As such, the strategy of intraarticular injection of GM seeded with antibody-coated cells is proposed. By addressing this in future studies, a better-targeted delivery system, that would result in more effective intervention, can be achieved.

scholarly journals Growth Factor and Its Polymer Scaffold-Based Delivery System for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 15 ◽  
pp. 6097-6111
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
Ming Guan ◽  
Tongqing Zhou ◽  
Xin Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Polymer Scaffold

scholarly journals Fabrication of Injectable Chitosan-Chondroitin Sulfate Hydrogel Embedding Kartogenin-Loaded Microspheres as an Ultrasound-Triggered Drug Delivery System for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Fu-Zhen Yuan ◽  
Hu-Fei Wang ◽  
Jian Guan ◽  
Jiang-Nan Fu ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Degradation

Ultrasound-responsive microspheres (MPs) derived from natural polysaccharides and injectable hydrogels have been widely investigated as a biocompatible, biodegradable, and controllable drug delivery system and cell scaffolds for tissue engineering. In this study, kartogenin (KGN) loaded poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) MPs (MPs@KGN) were fabricated by premix membrane emulsification (PME) method which were sonicated by an ultrasound transducer. Furthermore, carboxymethyl chitosan-oxidized chondroitin sulfate (CMC-OCS) hydrogel were prepared via the Schiff’ base reaction-embedded MPs to produce a CMC-OCS/MPs scaffold. In the current work, morphology, mechanical property, porosity determination, swelling property, in vitro degradation, KGN release from scaffolds, cytotoxicity, and cell bioactivity were investigated. The results showed that MPs presented an obvious collapse after ultrasound treatment. The embedded PLGA MPs could enhance the compressive elastic modulus of soft CMC-OCS hydrogel. The cumulative release KGN from MPs exhibited a slow rate which would display an appropriate collapse after ultrasound, allowing KGN to maintain a continuous concentration for at least 28 days. Moreover, the composite CMC-OCS@MPs scaffolds exhibited faster gelation, lower swelling ratio, and lower in vitro degradation. CCK-8 and LIVE/DEAD staining showed these scaffolds did not influence rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) proliferation. Then these scaffolds were cultured with rBMMSCs for 2 weeks, and the immunofluorescent staining of collagen II (COL-2) showed that CMC-OCS hydrogel embedded with MPs@KGN (CMC-OCS@MPs@KGN) with ultrasound had the ability to increase the COL-2 synthesis. Overall, due to the improved mechanical property and the ability of sustained KGN release, this injectable hydrogel with ultrasound-responsive property is a promising system for cartilage tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Successful Low-Cost Scaffold-Free Cartilage Tissue Engineering Using Human Cartilage Progenitor Cell Spheroids Formed by Micromolded Nonadhesive Hydrogel

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mellannie P. Stuart ◽  
Renata A. M. Matsui ◽  
Matheus F. S. Santos ◽  
Isis Côrtes ◽  
Mayra S. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Human Cartilage ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Human Nasal Septum ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cartilage Construct

The scaffold-free tissue engineering using spheroids is pointed out as an approach for optimizing the delivery system of cartilage construct. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the micromolded nonadhesive hydrogel (MicroTissues®) for spheroid compaction (2-day culture) and spontaneous chondrogenesis (21-day culture) using cartilage progenitors cells (CPCs) from human nasal septum without chondrogenic stimulus. CPC spheroids showed diameter stability (486 μm ± 65), high percentage of viable cells (88.1 ± 2.1), and low percentage of apoptotic cells (2.3%). After spheroid compaction, the synthesis of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 was significantly higher compared to monolayer (p<0.005). Biomechanical assay revealed that the maximum forces applied to spheroids after chondrogenesis were 2.6 times higher than for those cultured for 2 days. After spontaneous chondrogenesis, CPC spheroids were entirely positive for N-cadherin, collagen type II and type VI, and aggrecan and chondroitin sulfate. Comparing to monolayer, the expression of SOX5 and SOX6 genes analyzed by qPCR was significantly upregulated (p<0.01). Finally, we observed the capacity of CPC spheroids starting to fuse. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time in the scientific literature that human CPC spheroids were formed by micromolded nonadhesive hydrogel, achieving a successful scaffold-free cartilage engineering without chondrogenic stimulus (low cost).

Characterization of Chitosan-Based Scaffolds Seeded with Sheep Nasal Chondrocytes for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamarija Rogina ◽  
Maja Pušić ◽  
Lucija Štefan ◽  
Alan Ivković ◽  
Inga Urlić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

scholarly journals Potential of 3-D tissue constructs engineered from bovine chondrocytes/silk fibroin-chitosan for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering

Biomaterials ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (25) ◽  
pp. 5773-5781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandana Bhardwaj ◽  
Quynhhoa T. Nguyen ◽  
Albert C. Chen ◽  
David L. Kaplan ◽  
Robert L. Sah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Tissue Constructs
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