scholarly journals Matt Polyurethane Coating: Correlation of Surface Roughness on Measurement Length and Gloss

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Qiwen Yong ◽  
Jinming Chang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Daidong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polyurethane Coating ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Modified Epoxy ◽  
Phenolic Epoxy Resin

Matt polyurethane coating was successfully prepared through the synergistic effect of castor oil and phenolic epoxy resin into polyurethane backbone. The formation mechanism may be ascribed to the modulus mismatch between the partially modified epoxy polyurethane and partially unmodified polyurethane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the micro-rough surface morphologies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and three-dimensional (3D) surface profilometer were applied to calculate a series of surface roughness parameters in different dimensions, such as Sa, Sq, Sp, Sv, Sz, Sku, Ssk, etc. The exciting results of this paper—the correlation of surface roughness on measurement length and gloss—are explored in detail. It reveals the extrinsic property of measured roughness with measurement length and provides guidance for what kind of incident angle gloss meters (20°, 60°, and 85°) best describe the gloss of matt polyurethane coating.

scholarly journals Multiscale three-dimensional surface reconstruction and surface roughness of porcine left anterior descending coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 190915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna E. Burton ◽  
Rachael Cullinan ◽  
Kyle Jiang ◽  
Daniel M. Espino
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Reconstructed Surface ◽  
Dimensional Surface

The aim of this study was to investigate the multiscale surface roughness characteristics of coronary arteries, to aid in the development of novel biomaterials and bioinspired medical devices. Porcine left anterior descending coronary arteries were dissected ex vivo , and specimens were chemically fixed and dehydrated for testing. Surface roughness was calculated from three-dimensional reconstructed surface images obtained by optical, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, ranging in magnification from 10× to 5500×. Circumferential surface roughness decreased with magnification, and microscopy type was found to influence surface roughness values. Longitudinal surface roughness was not affected by magnification or microscopy types within the parameters of this study. This study found that coronary arteries exhibit multiscale characteristics. It also highlights the importance of ensuring consistent microscopy parameters to provide comparable surface roughness values.

Helical-Type Surface Defects in GaN and InGaN Thin Films Epitaxially Grown on GaN Templates at Reduced Temperatures

2001 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Miraglia ◽  
Edward Preble ◽  
Amy Roskowski ◽  
Sven Einfeldt ◽  
Robert F. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Roughening ◽  
Surface Kinetics ◽  
Island Growth ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Growth Regime ◽  
Kinetic Growth ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Surface Morphologies

AbstractThe surface morphologies of GaN and InGaN films grown at 780°C by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy were determined using atomic force microscopy. A qualitative model is presented to explain observed instabilities in the step morphology of these films, namely, the formation of hillock islands and v-defects that give rise to surface roughening. The latter are a result of a boundary dragging effect, where interactions occur between the movement of homogeneous and heterogeneous steps and the tendency to form atom clusters in the terrace in the transition in kinetic growth regime. The tendency to form v-defects was associated with dislocation density. A delay in the formation of v-defects in InGaN was observed and associated with the ammonia partial pressure and the interactions between hillock islands and pure screw or mixed dislocations. Hillock island formation was attributed to a transition in thermodynamic mode to three-dimensional island growth. Explanations for the foregoing observations are based on growth model theory previously developed by Burton, Cabrera, and Frank (BCF) and on changes in the surface kinetics with temperature, In composition, and gas phase composition.

SiC Coatings Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 1309-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Dong Tang ◽  
Shou Hong Tan ◽  
Zheng Ren Huang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Amorphous Sic ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Sic Coatings

Amorphous SiC coatings were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering from a sintered SiC target onto Si(100) substrate at room temperature. The influence of RF power on the surface morphology and the RMS surface roughness of the resulting SiC coatings was studied by using atomic force microscopy. Two types of surface morphologies were obtained. The corresponding forming mechanisms were also discussed.

WAVELET ANALYSIS OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGIES OF MAGNETRON SPUTTERED Al-Cu THIN FILMS

2009 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
GAURAV BHATNAGAR ◽  
R. JAYAGANTHAN ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN RAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Signal Decomposition ◽  
Dc Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Wavelet Technique

Al - Cu thin films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering. The films are characterized by atomic force microscopy and its surface morphologies are analyzed by wavelet technique. Multiresolution signal decomposition wavelet technique was employed to extract the surface roughness from the AFM images of Al - Cu thin films. It is observed that the Al - Cu thin films exhibit higher surface roughness value with increasing deposition time. The calculated surface roughness of the thin films, using wavelet technique, is comparable with that of its experimental values.

Fabrication of Mo/Al multilayer films for a wavelength of 18.5 nm

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nii ◽  
M. Niibe ◽  
H. Kinoshita ◽  
Y. Sugie
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Sputtering Deposition ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Surface Observation ◽  
Atomic Force

This paper reports the fabrication and evaluation of Mo/Al and Mo/Si multilayer films (MLs) for a wavelength of 18.5 nm. Calculated reflectivities of Mo/Al MLs at an incident angle of 10° were about 7% higher than those of Mo/Si MLs. MLs were fabricated using an RF-magnetron sputtering deposition system. The measured reflectivity of Mo/Al MLs was 33.5%. The cause of the decreasing reflectivity was supposed to be the surface and interfacial roughness. In the surface observation utilizing atomic force microscopy, the surface roughness of Mo/Al MLs was dominated by the Al layer. Therefore, the conditions for fabricating Al films were optimized.

Surface roughness measurements of vanadium-contaminated fluidized cracking catalysts by atomic force microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 866-867
Author(s):  
H. Kinney ◽  
M.L. Occelli ◽  
S.A.C. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Atomic Level ◽  
Microporous Structure ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Roughness Measurements ◽  
Cracking Catalysts

For this study we have used a contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM) to study to topography of fluidized cracking catalysts (FCC), before and after contamination with 5% vanadium. We selected the AFM because of its ability to well characterize the surface roughness of materials down to the atomic level. It is believed that the cracking in the FCCs occurs mainly on the catalysts top 10-15 μm suggesting that the surface corrugation could play a key role in the FCCs microactivity properties. To test this hypothesis, we chose vanadium as a contaminate because this metal is capable of irreversibly destroying the FCC crystallinity as well as it microporous structure. In addition, we wanted to examine the extent to which steaming affects the vanadium contaminated FCC. Using the AFM, we measured the surface roughness of FCCs, before and after contamination and after steaming.We obtained our FCC (GRZ-1) from Davison. The FCC is generated so that it contains and estimated 35% rare earth exchaged zeolite Y, 50% kaolin and 15% binder.

Brittle Behaviour in Aspirin Crystals: Evidence of Spalling Fracture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. A. Gabriele ◽  
Craig J. Williams ◽  
Douglas Stauffer ◽  
Brian Derby ◽  
Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Spalling Fracture ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Imaging

<div> <div> <div> <p>Single crystals of aspirin form I were cleaved and indented on their dominant face. Upon inspection, it was possible to observe strongly anisotropic shallow lateral cracks due to the extreme low surface roughness after cleavage. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging showed spalling fractures nucleating from the indent corners, forming terraces with a height of one or two interplanar spacings d100. The formation of such spalling fractures in aspirin was rationalised using basic calculations of attachment energies, showing how (100) layers are poorly bonded when compared to their relatively higher intralayer bonding. An attempt at explaining the preferential propagation of these fractures along the [010] direction is discussed. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Brittle Behaviour in Aspirin Crystals: Evidence of Spalling Fracture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. A. Gabriele ◽  
Craig J. Williams ◽  
Douglas Stauffer ◽  
Brian Derby ◽  
Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Spalling Fracture ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Imaging

<div> <div> <div> <p>Single crystals of aspirin form I were cleaved and indented on their dominant face. Upon inspection, it was possible to observe strongly anisotropic shallow lateral cracks due to the extreme low surface roughness after cleavage. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging showed spalling fractures nucleating from the indent corners, forming terraces with a height of one or two interplanar spacings d100. The formation of such spalling fractures in aspirin was rationalised using basic calculations of attachment energies, showing how (100) layers are poorly bonded when compared to their relatively higher intralayer bonding. An attempt at explaining the preferential propagation of these fractures along the [010] direction is discussed. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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