scholarly journals Multiscale three-dimensional surface reconstruction and surface roughness of porcine left anterior descending coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 190915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna E. Burton ◽  
Rachael Cullinan ◽  
Kyle Jiang ◽  
Daniel M. Espino
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Reconstructed Surface ◽  
Dimensional Surface

The aim of this study was to investigate the multiscale surface roughness characteristics of coronary arteries, to aid in the development of novel biomaterials and bioinspired medical devices. Porcine left anterior descending coronary arteries were dissected ex vivo , and specimens were chemically fixed and dehydrated for testing. Surface roughness was calculated from three-dimensional reconstructed surface images obtained by optical, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, ranging in magnification from 10× to 5500×. Circumferential surface roughness decreased with magnification, and microscopy type was found to influence surface roughness values. Longitudinal surface roughness was not affected by magnification or microscopy types within the parameters of this study. This study found that coronary arteries exhibit multiscale characteristics. It also highlights the importance of ensuring consistent microscopy parameters to provide comparable surface roughness values.

scholarly journals Matt Polyurethane Coating: Correlation of Surface Roughness on Measurement Length and Gloss

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Qiwen Yong ◽  
Jinming Chang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Daidong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polyurethane Coating ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Modified Epoxy ◽  
Phenolic Epoxy Resin

Matt polyurethane coating was successfully prepared through the synergistic effect of castor oil and phenolic epoxy resin into polyurethane backbone. The formation mechanism may be ascribed to the modulus mismatch between the partially modified epoxy polyurethane and partially unmodified polyurethane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the micro-rough surface morphologies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and three-dimensional (3D) surface profilometer were applied to calculate a series of surface roughness parameters in different dimensions, such as Sa, Sq, Sp, Sv, Sz, Sku, Ssk, etc. The exciting results of this paper—the correlation of surface roughness on measurement length and gloss—are explored in detail. It reveals the extrinsic property of measured roughness with measurement length and provides guidance for what kind of incident angle gloss meters (20°, 60°, and 85°) best describe the gloss of matt polyurethane coating.

scholarly journals A relationship between three-dimensional surface hydration structures and force distribution measured by atomic force microscopy

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 7334-7342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Miyazawa ◽  
Naritaka Kobayashi ◽  
Matthew Watkins ◽  
Alexander L. Shluger ◽  
Ken-ichi Amano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Surface Hydration ◽  
Dimensional Surface

scholarly journals The Effect of Mechanical Overloading on Surface Roughness of the Coronary Arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna E. Burton ◽  
Daniel M. Espino
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Physiological Loading ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Background. Surface roughness can be used to identify disease within biological tissues. Quantifying surface roughness in the coronary arteries aids in developing treatments for coronary heart disease. This study investigates the effect of extreme physiological loading on surface roughness, for example, due to a rupture of an artery.Methods. The porcine left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries were dissected ex vivo.Mechanical overloading was applied to the arteries in the longitudinal direction to simulate extreme physiological loading. Surface roughness was calculated from three-dimensional reconstructed images. Surface roughness was measured before and after damage and after chemical processing to dehydrate tissue specimens.Results. Control specimens confirmed that dehydration alone results in an increase of surface roughness in the circumferential direction only. No variation was noted between the hydrated healthy and damaged specimens, in both the longitudinal (0.91±0.26and1.05±0.25 μm) and circumferential (1.46±0.38and1.47±0.39 μm) directions. After dehydration, an increase in surface roughness was noted for damaged specimens in both the longitudinal (1.28±0.33 μm) and circumferential (1.95±0.56 μm) directions.Conclusions. Mechanical overloading applied in the longitudinal direction did not significantly affect surface roughness. However, when combined with chemical processing, a significant increase in surface roughness was noted in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions. Mechanical overloading causes damage to the internal constituents of the arteries, which is significantly noticeable after dehydration of tissue.

Imaging Three-Dimensional Surface Objects with Submolecular Resolution by Atomic Force Microscopy

Nano Letters ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 2257-2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Moreno ◽  
Oleksandr Stetsovych ◽  
Tomoko K. Shimizu ◽  
Oscar Custance
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Surface roughness measurements of vanadium-contaminated fluidized cracking catalysts by atomic force microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 866-867
Author(s):  
H. Kinney ◽  
M.L. Occelli ◽  
S.A.C. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Atomic Level ◽  
Microporous Structure ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Roughness Measurements ◽  
Cracking Catalysts

For this study we have used a contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM) to study to topography of fluidized cracking catalysts (FCC), before and after contamination with 5% vanadium. We selected the AFM because of its ability to well characterize the surface roughness of materials down to the atomic level. It is believed that the cracking in the FCCs occurs mainly on the catalysts top 10-15 μm suggesting that the surface corrugation could play a key role in the FCCs microactivity properties. To test this hypothesis, we chose vanadium as a contaminate because this metal is capable of irreversibly destroying the FCC crystallinity as well as it microporous structure. In addition, we wanted to examine the extent to which steaming affects the vanadium contaminated FCC. Using the AFM, we measured the surface roughness of FCCs, before and after contamination and after steaming.We obtained our FCC (GRZ-1) from Davison. The FCC is generated so that it contains and estimated 35% rare earth exchaged zeolite Y, 50% kaolin and 15% binder.

Brittle Behaviour in Aspirin Crystals: Evidence of Spalling Fracture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. A. Gabriele ◽  
Craig J. Williams ◽  
Douglas Stauffer ◽  
Brian Derby ◽  
Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Spalling Fracture ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Imaging

<div> <div> <div> <p>Single crystals of aspirin form I were cleaved and indented on their dominant face. Upon inspection, it was possible to observe strongly anisotropic shallow lateral cracks due to the extreme low surface roughness after cleavage. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging showed spalling fractures nucleating from the indent corners, forming terraces with a height of one or two interplanar spacings d100. The formation of such spalling fractures in aspirin was rationalised using basic calculations of attachment energies, showing how (100) layers are poorly bonded when compared to their relatively higher intralayer bonding. An attempt at explaining the preferential propagation of these fractures along the [010] direction is discussed. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Brittle Behaviour in Aspirin Crystals: Evidence of Spalling Fracture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. A. Gabriele ◽  
Craig J. Williams ◽  
Douglas Stauffer ◽  
Brian Derby ◽  
Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Spalling Fracture ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Imaging

<div> <div> <div> <p>Single crystals of aspirin form I were cleaved and indented on their dominant face. Upon inspection, it was possible to observe strongly anisotropic shallow lateral cracks due to the extreme low surface roughness after cleavage. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging showed spalling fractures nucleating from the indent corners, forming terraces with a height of one or two interplanar spacings d100. The formation of such spalling fractures in aspirin was rationalised using basic calculations of attachment energies, showing how (100) layers are poorly bonded when compared to their relatively higher intralayer bonding. An attempt at explaining the preferential propagation of these fractures along the [010] direction is discussed. </p> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Acoustic subsurface-atomic force microscopy: Three-dimensional imaging at the nanoscale

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 030901
Author(s):  
Hossein J. Sharahi ◽  
Mohsen Janmaleki ◽  
Laurene Tetard ◽  
Seonghwan Kim ◽  
Hamed Sadeghian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force
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