scholarly journals Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Oil Palm Shell Reinforced Rubber Composites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Subhashini Anandan ◽  
Cuin Yang Lim ◽  
Boon Thong Tan ◽  
Vivi Anggraini ◽  
Mavinakere Eshwaraiah Raghunandan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Shape Effect ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Strain Energy Functions

This paper presents a pioneering effort to ascertain the suitability of hyperelastic modelling in simulating the stress–strain response of oil palm shell reinforced rubber (ROPS) composites. ROPS composites with different oil palm shell contents (0%, 5%, 10% and 20% by volume) were cast in the laboratory for the experimental investigation. ROPS specimens with circular, square, hexagon, and octagon shapes (loading surface) were considered to evaluate the accuracy of finite element simulation considering the shape effect of composites. Strain-controlled (compressive) tests with ε ≈ 50% at 0.8 Hz frequency were conducted in the laboratory and the test data obtained was used as input to simulate material coefficients corresponding to the strain energy functions chosen. Five different strain energy functions were selected and utilized for the hyperelastic modelling in this study using finite element approach. The shape effect was then used to ascertain any variation in the simulation outcomes and to discuss the effect of shape on the behaviour of ROPS composites in comparison to existing literature. The numerical predictions using the Yeoh model (error ≤ 2.7% for circular shaped ROPS) were found to perform best in comparison with the experimental results, thus a more stable and suitable hyperelastic model to this end. The Marlow (error ≤ 4.6% for circular shaped ROPS) and Arruda Boyce (error ≤ 4.7% for circular shaped ROPS) models were amongst the next alternatives to perform better. Even with the other shapes considered in this study, Yeoh, followed by the Marlow function, were more appropriate models. The shape effect was then studied with particular emphasis on comparing and assessing them with that observed in the literature. To this end, adopting the Yeoh function in the finite element model is the ideal approach to estimate the stress–strain response of ROPS composites.

Finite Bending and Straightening of Hyperelastic Materials: Analytical Solution and FEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (09) ◽  
pp. 1950084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sheikhi ◽  
Mohammad Shojaeifard ◽  
Mostafa Baghani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Strain Energy Function ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Hyperelastic Materials ◽  
Finite Bending ◽  
Strain Energy Functions ◽  
Analytical Approaches

In this research, an incompressible, isotropic, nonlinear elastic rectangular block and a circular cylindrical sector are studied under bending and straightening moments, respectively. Analytical approaches are presented on implementing of the left Cauchy–Green tensor and Cauchy stresses. In addition, finite element analysis of both problems is carried out using UHYPER user-defined subroutine in ABAQUS to verify the analytical methods. Four different invariant-based strain energy functions, including neo-Hookean, Mooney–Rivlin, Arruda–Boyce, and recently proposed polynomial Exp-Exp models, are examined, and the results are compared. Material parameters of silicon rubber for the strain energy functions are identified by applying an optimization procedure. Finite element method results confirmed the analytical approach with great compatibility. Results showed that the length of the unbent beam does not affect the stress. Likewise, the initial angle of curved structure does not affect the unbending moment and stresses. Moreover, the Exp-Exp model had a slightly different result rather than other strain energies, which means that this model is more conservative than its counterparts. Furthermore, the Exp-Exp strain energy function is calibrated for tissue-like phantom and is compared with experimental data.

Experimental and Numerical Study for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Automobile Weatherstrip Seals

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Dikmen ◽  
Ipek Basdogan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Material Models ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Hyperelastic Materials ◽  
Strain Energy Functions

Structural parts made of hyperelastic materials such as rubber mounts in automotive powertrains and weatherstrip seals are widely used in automotive and other engineering applications. In this study, compression load deflection (CLD) behavior of a highly non-linear type of joint, automotive weatherstrip seal made of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) sponge rubber is examined using finite element modeling techniques. The finite element modeling (FEM) results are then compared with the compression load deflection data obtained experimentally. The compression load deflection data for various punch velocities can be used to model the weatherstrip seal as a nonlinear spring-dashpot system with varying stiffness and damping coefficient proportional to the amount of compression. The weatherstrip seals should be modeled accurately in order to predict the dynamic performance of the automobiles under various load conditions. First part of the study includes modeling of the seal using various hyperelastic material models which are available in ANSYS. The strain energy functions’ coefficients required for the various material models are calculated using both linear and nonlinear least square fit procedures implemented in ANSYS for fitting the tension, shear and compression test data. After the coefficients are calculated, the compression test is performed in ANSYS using various hyperelastic material models. Second part of the study includes the compression experiment of weatherstrip seal with a robotic indenter specifically designed for measuring hyperelastic materials. The measured CLD data is then compared with the FEM results. The accuracy of using only simple tension test data to acquire the coefficients for strain energy functions is investigated and suitable strain energy functions to model compression of weatherstrip seal are determined. Additionally, Mullins Effect (stress softening) for this application is investigated using the compression experiments data.

Finite Element Analysis by Using Hyper-Elastic Properties for Rubber Component

2011 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Chang Su Woo ◽  
Hyun Sung Park ◽  
Wae Gi Shin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Function ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Strain Energy Function ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Hyper Elastic ◽  
Rubber Component ◽  
Strain Energy Functions

The material modeling of hyper-elastic properties in rubber is generally characterized by the strain energy function. The strain energy functions have been represented either in term of the strain in variants that are functions of the stretch ratios, or directly in terms of the principal stretch. Successful modeling and design of rubber components relies on both the selection of an appropriate strain energy function and an accurate determination of material constants in the function. Material constants in the strain energy functions can be determined from the curve fitting of experimental stress-strain data. The uniaxial tension, equi-biaxial tension and pure shear test were performed to acquire the constants of the strain energy functions which were Mooney-Rivlin and Ogden model. Nonlinear finite element analysis was executed to evaluate the behavior of deformation and strain distribute by using the commercial finite element code. Also, the fatigue tests were carried out to obtain the fatigue failure. Fatigue failure was initiated at the critical location was observed during the fatigue test of rubber component, which was the same result predicted by the finite element analysis.

Pengaruh Tekanan dan Penggunaan Conplast terhadap Sifat Mekanik Eternit dari Abu Cangkang Sawit

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Test Result

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of pressure and use of conplast against mechanical properties which are a Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of plasterboard. The study is done because still low quality of plasterboard made from a mixture of ashes of oil-palm shell especially of the mechanical properties compared to the controls. The method of this reserach used variation of printed pressure and the addition of conplast. Test result is obtained that the highest value of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 90875.94 Kg/cm2, Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 61.16 Kg/cm2 and density values in generally good printed at the pressure 60 g/cm3 and the addition of conplast 25% as well as the composition of the ash of palm shell oil 40%: limestone 40%: cement 15%: fiber 5% and 300 mL of water. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan dan penggunaan conplast terhadap sifat mekanik yaitu kuat lentur dan keteguhan patah eternit berbahan dasar abu cangkang sawit. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masi rendahnya mutu eternit berbahan campuran abu cangkang sawit dari bolier khususnya sifat mekanik dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan variasi tekanan cetak dan penambahan conplast. Hasil uji diperoleh bahwa kuat lentur tertinggi sebesar 90875,94 Kg/cm2 dan keteguhan patah sebesar 61,16 Kg/cm2, yang dicetak pada tekanan 60 g/cm3 dan penambahan conplast 25% dengan komposisi  abu cangkang sawit 40 %: kapur 40 % : semen 15 %: serat 5 % dan air 300 mL.Kata Kunci :  Abu cangkang sawit, conplast, kuat lentur, keteguhan patah.

An Investigation on Effect of Oil Palm Shell Ash on Flexural Strength and Compressive Strength of Cement Mortar

2014 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Abdoullah Namdar ◽  
Fadzil Mat Yahaya ◽  
Kok Jun Jie ◽  
Lim Yen Ping
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

One of waste agriculture materials is oil palm shell ash. It has been producing in high quantity in palm oil mill, and for storage of that an investment requires. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analysis effect of oil palm shell ash on compressive and flexural strength of cement mortar. The compressive strength and flexural strength of cement mortar has been measured. To improve accuracy of work 50% cement and 50% fine sand has been proposed in cement mortar mix design. The results have been indicated that the effect of OPS ash on flexural and compressive strength of cement mortar is not same. The deflection, load sustainability and time to failure for compressive strength have independent fluctuation of flexural strength. The positive and negative effect of OPS ash on mechanical properties of cement mortar has been observed. The morphology of crack failure has not been investigated. The work can be continued with many waste agriculture materials. Keywords: waste agriculture, deflection, load sustainability, time to failure.

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