scholarly journals The Role of Nanoparticle Shapes and Structures in Material Characterisation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Bionanocomposite Films

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanad Mousa ◽  
Yu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Bionanocomposite Films ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nanoparticle Shapes ◽  
Selection Of

Three different types of nanoparticles, 1D Cloisite 30B clay nanoplatelets, 2D halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), and 3D nanobamboo charcoals (NBCs) were employed to investigate the impact of nanoparticle shapes and structures on the material performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) bionanocomposite films in terms of their mechanical and thermal properties, morphological structures, and nanomechanical behaviour. The overall results revealed the superior reinforcement efficiency of NBCs to Cloisite 30B clays and HNTs, owing to their typical porous structures to actively interact with PVA matrices in the combined formation of strong mechanical and hydrogen bondings. Three-dimensional NBCs also achieved better nanoparticle dispersibility when compared with 1D Cloisite 30B clays and 2D HNTs along with higher thermal stability, which was attributed to their larger interfacial regions when characterised for the nanomechanical behaviour of corresponding bionanocomposite films. Our study offers an insightful guidance to the appropriate selection of nanoparticles as effective reinforcements and the further sophisticated design of bionanocomposite materials.

Quantitative Selection of Variation Reduction Plans

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Variation Reduction ◽  
Multiple Quality Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Variation ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Quality has been a rallying call in the design and manufacturing world for the last two decades. One way to improve quality is to reduce the impact of manufacturing variation. Variation risk mitigation is challenging especially when a product has multiple quality characteristics and complex production and assembly. It is common wisdom that companies should identify and mitigate the risk associated with variation throughout the design process. As yield problems are identified, they should be mitigated using the most cost effective approach. One approach to variation risk mitigation is variation reduction (VR). VR targets reduction of variation introduced by existing manufacturing processes using tools such as Design of Experiments (DOE) and robust design. Many companies have specialized groups that specialize in these methods. VR teams have the role of improving manufacturing performance; however, these teams are limited in their resources. In addition, no tools exist to quantitatively determine where a VR team’s efforts are most effectively deployed. This paper provides a mathematical and optimization model to best allocate VR resources in a complex product.

A Sociocultural Perspective on Negotiating Digital Identities in a Community of Learners

2013 ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Peachey ◽  
Greg Withnail
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Identity ◽  
Sociocultural Perspective ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Virtual World Environments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Digital Identities

Three dimensional virtual world environments are becoming an increasingly regular feature of the education landscape, providing the opportunity for richly graphical augmented and immersive learning activities. Those who participate in these experiences must mediate through an avatar, negotiating and managing the complexities of this new variation of digital identity alongside their more familiar identity as learner and/or teacher/facilitator. This chapter describes some key moments in the construction of digital identities as a lecturer and a student in the Open University’s community in Second LifeTM. The authors explore experiences in relation to the impact of trust and consistency from a sociocultural perspective, privileging the role of social interaction and context where meaning is socially produced and situationally interpreted, concluding that social interaction is pivotal to any meaningful identity development that takes place. The chapter ends with thoughts for future issues surrounding digital identity in relation to lifelong learning.

Role of Through Silicon Via in 3D Integration: Impact on Delay and Power

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150051
Author(s):  
Shivangi Chandrakar ◽  
Deepika Gupta ◽  
Manoj Kumar Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
3D Integration ◽  
Coupling Behavior ◽  
Power Delay Product ◽  
Silicon Vias ◽  
The Impact

The metal–semiconductor (MES)-based through silicon vias (TSV) has provided attractive solutions over conventional metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) TSVs in recent three-dimensional (3D) integration. This paper aims a comprehensive performance analysis of MIS and MES structures considering different TSV shapes such as cylindrical, tapered, annular, and square. At 32[Formula: see text]nm technology, a CMOS-based coupled driver-via-load (DVL) setup is introduced wherein each via is represented an equivalent RLGC model of MIS- and MES-based TSV shapes. The proposed electrical model accurately considers the impact of micro bump and inter-metal dielectric (IMD) effects at 32[Formula: see text]nm technology as per the fabrication house. A 3D electromagnetic (EM) structural wave simulation is performed to validate the RLGC model parameters of different TSV structures for an operating frequency of up to 20[Formula: see text]GHz. The proposed DVL setup is used to analyze the propagation delay, power dissipation, and dynamic crosstalk for different MIS- and MES-based TSV shapes. A significant improvement in the cross-coupling behavior can be obtained using the MES-based tapered TSV compared to the other MIS structures. Additionally, the power delay product (PDP) of the tapered MES is reduced by 92.4% compared to the conventional MIS-based cylindrical TSV.

Numerical Simulation of Flow Process of Ammonium Persulfate Crystallizer

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Yu Guang Fan ◽  
Ting Wei
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Crystallization Effect ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to three-dimensional numerical simulation for the fluid flow process of ammonium persulfate crystallizer. By using standard model, this paper respectively simulated the flow field within the crystallizer in the impeller installation height of 1.2 m while stirring speed is of 60 r/min, 100 r/min and 200 r/min; and simulated the impact of the flow field inside the crystallizer when the stirring speed of 100 r/min and impeller installation height respectively is of 0.7 m, 1.2 m and 1.7 m. That calculation results show that: the velocity gradient is mainly concentrated in the area of internal draft tube and paddle around. With the increase of impeller speed, the flow velocity of the fluid within the crystallizer corresponding increases; and the energy also gradually decreases from mixing impeller to the settlement zone with the loss of the installation height, and the kinetic energy in the bottom of the crystallizer is reduced. Considering the energy and crystallization effect, selection of mixing speed of 100 r/min or so and installation height of about 1.2 m is more appropriate.

Study on Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Materials for Improving the Performance of Artificial Articular Cartilage

2013 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Jiang Yuan ◽  
Zhou Jian Wei ◽  
Xia Zhen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel has compatibility and biomechanical properties of human articular cartilage similar and good biological. The implantation in the human body can replace part of articular cartilage, which plays the role of bearing and alleviate the impact force. It has the prospect of clinical application. This paper introduces the research progress of polyvinyl alcohol hydro-gel materials. And compared with the characteristics of articular cartilage, clarify the possibility of repair of articular cartilage defects of the materials.

scholarly journals MACRO PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN INVENTORY OF HISTORICAL ENGRAVINGS AT THE ROYAL CASTLE IN WARSAW

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 795-800
Author(s):  
D. Zawieska ◽  
J. Markiewicz ◽  
M. Łuba
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Orientation Process ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the community historical objects play the role of witnesses of the past history. This creates an obligation to preserve and reconstruct them for future generations. Photogrammetric methods have been applied for those purposes for many years. In the process of development of inventory documentation, the key aspects related to the selection of appropriate measuring methods for particular objects and the creation of appropriate working conditions. At present, digital measuring techniques allow developing 3D photogrammetric documentation which is particularly valuable both, for conservators of historical objects, as well as for creating virtual museums. Particular attention should be paid to the utilisation of macro photography for that purpose which allows for recreating small fragments of historical details. The objective of this paper is to present possible use of macro photography for inventory of historical patterns engraved in brick walls of one of the cellars of the Royal Castle in Warsaw (Poland); they are called engravings or house marks. The cellar walls were made of bricks (20<span class="thinspace"></span>&amp;times;<span class="thinspace"></span>10<span class="thinspace"></span>cm) on the stone foundations, where a prison was located in the 17th century. Prisoners left their drawings of signs and crests. Bricks are destroyed, some of them are moss-grown, so many engravings are hardly visible and their depths vary between 3 and 5<span class="thinspace"></span>mm. The Canon 5D Mark II camera with the 50 mm macro lens was used to inventory engravings together with the shadow-free flash, mounted on the lens and a special frame with bolts, being the photogrammetric control network. To ensure the high quality of the 3D model, a network of photographs were acquired from two different distances; they were processed with the use of SfM/MVS algorithms implemented in Agisoft PhotoScan software. The aim of this paper is to discusses the impact of selection of control points on the accuracy of the orientation process, the impact of the point cloud density on correct projection of the digital surface, the influence of the DSM resolution on details of projection of shapes and selection of orthorectification and mosaicking parameters on the accuracy of orthoimage generation.</p>

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF ADVERTISING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NEW TRENDS OF CONSUMPTION AS A SOCIAL ACTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Reshetilova ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Kuvaieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
Ambiguous Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the study of advertising transformation under the influence of new trends of consumption as a social action. It is highlighted that the current socio-economic situation is creating new subjects for the analysis of already well-known objects. The place and role of advertising in modern society is certainly based on its market principles in the past, but today it is necessary to take into account a set of influencing factors that were previously mutually exclusive but are now indivisible. The greatest influence is exerted by the socio-cultural aspect of consumer behavior, which is based on values and motivators that come from the lifestyle in a qualitatively new external environment. It means that they are not limited to market transactions. Moreover, in today's conditions, social stratification has receded into the background and is not among the main factors of influence. This transformation of understanding the practice of consumption allows to reasonably recruit and use advertising tools to increase their effectiveness. It is determined that during forming an advertising campaign it is necessary to consider the impact on consumer behavior of modern information technology, namely the selection of the necessary information from the large amount that is available. A large amount of information creates an ambiguous situation for the consumer. This requires the integration of advertising tools. It is established that the parallel use of several advertising media allows to carry out the influence similarly to the technology of purposeful management. The availability of technical means that quickly realize the desire can be recommended for both long-term brand communication and for the short term.

The Impact of Example Modality and Physical Interactions on Design Creativity

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Toh ◽  
Scarlett R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Design Creativity ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
The Impact

Interacting with example products is an essential and widely practiced method in engineering design, yet little information exists on how the representation (pictorial or physical) or interaction a designer has with an example impacts design creativity. This is problematic because without this knowledge we do not understand how examples affect idea generation or how we can effectively modify or develop design methods to support example usage practices. In this paper, we report the results of a controlled study with first year engineering design students (N = 89) developed to investigate the impact of a designer's interaction with either a two-dimensional (2D) pictorial image or a three-dimensional (3D) product (through visual inspection or product dissection activities) and the resulting functional focus and creativity of the ideas developed. The results of this study reveal that participants who interacted with the physical example produced ideas that were less novel and less functionally focused than those who interacted with the 2D representation. Additionally, the results showed that participants who dissected the product produced a higher variety of ideas than those that visually inspected it. These results contribute to our understanding of the benefits and role of 2D and 3D designer-product interactions during idea development. We use these findings to develop recommendations for the use of designer-product interactions throughout the design process.

scholarly journals Forecast Terminology: Composition and Interpretation of Public Weather Forecasts2,3

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan H. Murphy ◽  
Barbara G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Verification Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Worded forecasts, which generally consist of both verbal and numerical expressions, play an important role in the communication of weather information to the general public. However, relatively few studies of the composition and interpretation of such forecasts have been conducted. Moreover, the studies that have been undertaken to date indicate that many expressions currently used in public forecasts are subject to wide ranges of interpretation (and to misinterpretation) and that the ability of individuals to recall the content of worded forecasts is quite limited. This paper focuses on forecast terminology and the understanding of such terminology in the context of short-range public weather forecasts. The results of previous studies of forecast terminology (and related issues) are summarized with respect to six basic aspects or facets of worded forecasts. These facets include: 1) events (the values of the meteorological variables): 2) terminology (the words used to describe the events); 3) words versus numbers (the use of verbal and/or numerical expressions); 4) uncertainty (the mode of expression of uncertainty); 5) amount of information (the number of items of information); and 6) content and format (the selection of items of information and their placement). In addition, some related topics are treated briefly, including the impact of verification systems, the role of computer-worded forecasts, the implications of new modes of communication, and the use of weather forecasts. Some conclusions and inferences that can be drawn from this review of previous work are discussed briefly, and a set of recommendations are presented regarding steps that should be taken to raise the level of understanding and enhance the usefulness of worded forecasts. These recommendations are organized under four headings: 1) studies of public understanding, interpretation, and use; 2) management practices; 3) forecaster training and education; and 4) public education.

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