scholarly journals Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Natural Polymers and Their Biomedical Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Ishihara ◽  
Satoko Kishimoto ◽  
Shingo Nakamura ◽  
Yoko Sato ◽  
Hidemi Hattori
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Tissue Adhesives ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Positively Charged

Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs), composed of natural and biodegradable polymers, (such as positively charged chitosan or protamine and negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)) have attracted attention as hydrogels, films, hydrocolloids, and nano-/micro-particles (N/MPs) for biomedical applications. This is due to their biocompatibility and biological activities. These PECs have been used as drug and cell delivery carriers, hemostats, wound dressings, tissue adhesives, and scaffolds for tissue engineering. In addition to their comprehensive review, this review describes our original studies and provides an overview of the characteristics of chitosan-based hydrogel, including photo-cross-linkable chitosan hydrogel and hydrocolloidal PECs, as well as molecular-weight heparin (LH)/positively charged protamine (P) N/MPs. These are generated by electrostatic interactions between negatively charged LH and positively charged P together with their potential biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Modeling of the Behavior of Natural Polysaccharides Hydrogels for Bio-pharma Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Diego Caccavo ◽  
Sara Cascone ◽  
Gaetano Lamberti ◽  
Annalisa Dalmoro ◽  
Anna Angela Barba
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Solidification Behavior ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Synthetic And Natural Polymers

Hydrogels, even if not exclusively obtained from natural sources, are widely used for pharmaceuticals and for biomedical applications. The reasons for their uses are their biocompatibility and the possibility to obtain systems and devices with different properties, due to variable characteristics of the materials. In order to effectively design and produce these systems and devices, two main ways are available: i) trial-and-error process, at least guided by experience, during which the composition of the system and the production steps are changed in order to get the desired behavior; ii) production process guided by the a-priori simulation of the systems’ behavior, thanks to proper tuned mathematical models of the reality. Of course the second approach, when applicable, allows tremendous savings in term of human and instrumental resources. In this mini-review, several modeling approaches useful to describe the behavior of natural polysaccharide-based hydrogels in bio-pharma applications are reported. In particular, reported case histories are: i) the size calculation of micro-particles obtained by ultrasound assisted atomization; ii) the release kinetics from core-shell micro-particles, iii) the solidification behavior of blends of synthetic and natural polymers for gel paving of blood vessels, iv) the drug release from hydrogel-based tablets. This material can be seen as a guide toward the use of mathematical modeling in bio-pharma applications.

Emerging biomedical applications of polyaspartic acid-derived biodegradable polyelectrolytes and polyelectrolyte complexes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 2102-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu Srinivas Yavvari ◽  
Anand Kumar Awasthi ◽  
Aashish Sharma ◽  
Avinash Bajaj ◽  
Aasheesh Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Tissue Adhesives ◽  
Polyaspartic Acid ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes

A summary of positive biomedical attributes of biodegradable polyelectrolytes (PELs) prepared from aspartic acid is provided. The utility of these PELs in emerging applications such as biomineralization modulators, antimycobacterials, biocompatible cell encapsulants and tissue adhesives is highlighted.

Microgels Derived from Different Forms of Carrageenans, Kappa, Iota, and Lambda for Biomedical Applications

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 2521-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurettin Sahiner ◽  
Selin Sagbas ◽  
Selahattin Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Microemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Necrotic Cell ◽  
L929 Fibroblast ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Positively Charged

ABSTRACTKappa (k-), iota (ɩ-), and lambda (λ-) Carrageenan (Car) microparticles were synthesized by crosslinking corresponding natural polymers with divinyl sulfone (DVS) via microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking methods for potential biomedical applications. Negatively charged e.g., -44 mV of Car particles were modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) to generate positively charged modified (M-) ᴋ-Car particles with +23 mV zeta potential values. Cationic M-Car-DETA particles were found to be effectively antimicrobial material against gram negative bacteria, and some fungi species. Moreover, upon protonation of M-Car-DETA particles with HCl the effectiveness against all types of microorganisms are significantly increased. All types of Car based particles can be applicable for blood contacting material as low hemolysis ratio, 2.56% and high blood clotting capability, 86% were obtained. Furthermore, Car based particles found biocompatible against L929 fibroblast cells, and can induce necrotic cell death at 12.5 μg/mL concentration against DLD-1 colon cancer cells. M-ᴋ-Car-DETA particles were also demonstrated to be useful rending long term and linear drug release profiles using Rosmarinic Acid (RA) as a model drug.

scholarly journals A Review of Gum Hydrocolloid Polyelectrolyte Complexes (PEC) for Biomedical Applications: Their Properties and Drug Delivery Studies

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1796
Author(s):  
Jindrayani Nyoo Putro ◽  
Valentino Bervia Lunardi ◽  
Felycia Edi Soetaredjo ◽  
Maria Yuliana ◽  
Shella Permatasari Santoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Order Equation ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
First Order ◽  
Natural Gum

The utilization of natural gum polysaccharides as the vehicle for drug delivery systems and other biomedical applications has increased in recent decades. Their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and price are much cheaper than other materials. It is also renewable and available in massive amounts, which are the main reasons for its use in pharmaceutical applications. Gum can be easily functionalized with other natural polymers to enhance their applications. Various aspects of the utilization of natural gums in the forms of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) for drug delivery systems are discussed in this review. The application of different mathematical models were used to represent the drug release mechanisms from PECs; these models include a zero-order equation, first-order equation, Higuchi, simplified Higuchi, Korsmeyer–Peppas, and Peppas–Sahlin.

Nanocellulose-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalnath John ◽  
Wen Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Materials Used

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks capable of absorbing and holding a large amount of water. They have a wide range of biomedical applications including drug carriers, biosensors, tissue scaffolds and wound dressings owning to their innate resemblance to the living tissue. Recently biodegradable and renewable natural polymers, especially nanocellulose, have gained immense attention in the development of hydrogels for biomedical applications. This review provides a brief analysis of the various nanocellulosic materials used in the fabrication of hydrogels for various biomedical applications. Recent developments in high performance hydrogels based on nanocellulose, including self-healing, highly tough and/or stretchable and 3D printable hydrogels will also be covered in this review.

scholarly journals Complexation and coacervation of like-charged polyelectrolytes inspired by mussels

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. E847-E853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangsik Kim ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Yongjin Lee ◽  
Sandipan Dutta ◽  
Hee Young Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Underwater Adhesion ◽  
Complex Coacervate ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Positively Charged

It is well known that polyelectrolyte complexes and coacervates can form on mixing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, due to mainly electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged polymers. Here, we report the first (to the best of our knowledge) complexation and coacervation of two positively charged polyelectrolytes, which provides a new paradigm for engineering strong, self-healing interactions between polyelectrolytes underwater and a new marine mussel-inspired underwater adhesion mechanism. Unlike the conventional complex coacervate, the like-charged coacervate is aggregated by strong short-range cation–π interactions by overcoming repulsive electrostatic interactions. The resultant phase of the like-charged coacervate comprises a thin and fragile polyelectrolyte framework and round and regular pores, implying a strong electrostatic correlation among the polyelectrolyte frameworks. The like-charged coacervate possesses a very low interfacial tension, which enables this highly positively charged coacervate to be applied to capture, carry, or encapsulate anionic biomolecules and particles with a broad range of applications.

scholarly journals Polyelectrolyte Complexes Based on Chitosan and Natural Polymers

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alef Mustafa ◽  
Aneta Tomescu ◽  
Emin Mustafa ◽  
Melat Cherim ◽  
Rodica Sîrbu
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Positively Charged

For many years chitosan has been the subject of interest for its use in different medical fields due to its appealing properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity and relatively low production cost from abundant natural sources. Chitosan is positively charged at low pH values, so it is spontaneously associated with negatively charged polyions in solution to form polyelectrolyte complexes. These chitosan based polyelectrolyte complexes exhibit favourable physicochemical properties with preservation of chitosan’s biocompatible characteristics. These chitosan based complexes are a good candidate for excipient materials for the design of different types of dosage forms. The aim of this review is to describe polyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan with selected natural polyanions and also to indicate some of the factors that influence the formation and stability of these formed complexes.

scholarly journals Polyelectrolyte Complexes Based on Chitosan and Natural Polymers

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Alef Mustafa ◽  
Aneta Tomescu ◽  
Emin Mustafa ◽  
Melat Cherim ◽  
Rodica Sîrbu
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Positively Charged

For many years chitosan has been the subject of interest for its use in different medical fields due to its appealing properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity and relatively low production cost from abundant natural sources. Chitosan is positively charged at low pH values, so it is spontaneously associated with negatively charged polyions in solution to form polyelectrolyte complexes. These chitosan based polyelectrolyte complexes exhibit favourable physicochemical properties with preservation of chitosan’s biocompatible characteristics. These chitosan based complexes are a good candidate for excipient materials for the design of different types of dosage forms. The aim of this review is to describe polyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan with selected natural polyanions and also to indicate some of the factors that influence the formation and stability of these formed complexes.

Characteristics of the Interaction between Thrombin Exosite1 and the Sequence 269-297 of Platelet Glycoprotein Ibα

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (08) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Bouton ◽  
Christophe Thurieau ◽  
Marie-Claude Guillin ◽  
Martine Jandrot-Perrus
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Thrombin Receptor ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Amidolytic Activity ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Chemical Cross Linking ◽  
Positively Charged

SummaryThe interaction between GPIb and thrombin promotes platelet activation elicited via the hydrolysis of the thrombin receptor and involves structures located on the segment 238-290 within the N-terminal domain of GPIbα and the positively charged exosite 1 on thrombin. We have investigated the ability of peptides derived from the 269-287 sequence of GPIbα to interact with thrombin. Three peptides were synthesized, including Ibα 269-287 and two scrambled peptides R1 and R2 which are comparable to Ibα 269-287 with regards to their content and distribution of anionic residues. However, R2 differs from both Ibα 269-287 and R1 by the shifting of one proline from a central position to the N-terminus. By chemical cross-linking, we observed the formation of a complex between 125I-Ibα 269-287 and α-thrombin that was inhibited by hirudin, the C-terminal peptide of hirudin, sodium pyrophosphate but not by heparin. The complex did not form when γ-thrombin was substituted for α-thrombin. Ibα 269-287 produced only slight changes in thrombin amidolytic activity and inhibited thrombin binding to fibrin. R1 and R2 also formed complexes with α-thrombin, modified slightly its catalytic activity and inhibited its binding to fibrin. Peptides Ibα 269-287 and R1 inhibited platelet aggregation and secretion induced by low thrombin concentrations whereas R2 was without effect. Our results indicate that Ibα 269-287 interacts with thrombin exosite 1 via mainly electrostatic interactions, which explains why the scrambled peptides also interact with exosite 1. Nevertheless, the lack of effect of R2 on thrombin-induced platelet activation suggests that proline 280 is important for thrombin interaction with GPIb.

Cellulose Nanofibrils-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Progresses and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4622-4646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huayu Liu ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Hongxiang Xie ◽  
Chuanling Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Tissue Scaffold ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Mechanical Methods

Background: Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) are natural nanomaterials with nanometer dimensions. Compared with ordinary cellulose, CNFs own good mechanical properties, large specific surface areas, high Young's modulus, strong hydrophilicity and other distinguishing characteristics, which make them widely used in many fields. This review aims to introduce the preparation of CNFs-based hydrogels and their recent biomedical application advances. Methods: By searching the recent literatures, we have summarized the preparation methods of CNFs, including mechanical methods and chemical mechanical methods, and also introduced the fabrication methods of CNFs-based hydrogels, including CNFs cross-linked with metal ion and with polymers. In addition, we have summarized the biomedical applications of CNFs-based hydrogels, including scaffold materials and wound dressings. Results: CNFs-based hydrogels are new types of materials that are non-toxic and display a certain mechanical strength. In the tissue scaffold application, they can provide a micro-environment for the damaged tissue to repair and regenerate it. In wound dressing applications, it can fit the wound surface and protect the wound from the external environment, thereby effectively promoting the healing of skin tissue. Conclusion: By summarizing the preparation and application of CNFs-based hydrogels, we have analyzed and forecasted their development trends. At present, the research of CNFs-based hydrogels is still in the laboratory stage. It needs further exploration to be applied in practice. The development of medical hydrogels with high mechanical properties and biocompatibility still poses significant challenges.

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