scholarly journals Synthesis of Bithiophene-Based D-A1-D-A2 Terpolymers with Different A2 Moieties for Polymer Solar Cells via Direct Arylation

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Huang ◽  
Zhenkun Lin ◽  
Wenhuai Feng ◽  
Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Direct Arylation ◽  
Blend Film ◽  
Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital

A series of bithiophene (2T)-based D-A1-D-A2 terpolymers with different A2 moieties were prepared via direct arylation reaction. In these terpolymers, pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (DPP) was selected as the first electron-accepting (A1) moiety, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) or fluorinated benzothiadiazole (FBT) or octyl-thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD) or 2,1,3-benzoselendiazole (SeT) was selected as the second electron-accepting (A2) moiety, while bithiophene with hexyl side chain was used as the electron-donating moiety. The UV-vis absorption, electrochemical properties, blend film morphology, and photovoltaic properties were studied to explore the effects of the A2 moiety. It is shown that these terpolymer films exhibit broad absorption (350–1000 nm), full width at half-maximum of more than 265 nm and ordered molecular packing. Varying the A2 moiety could affect the energy levels and blend film morphology leading to different polymer solar cell (PSC) performances of these (2T)-based D-A1-D-A2 terpolymers. As a result, the highest Jsc of 10.70 mA/cm2 is achieved for Polymer 1 (P1) with BT as A2 moiety, while the higher highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level limits the open circuit voltage (Voc) and leads to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.46%.

Impact of side-chain fluorination on photovoltaic properties: fine tuning of the microstructure and energy levels of 2D-conjugated copolymers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (32) ◽  
pp. 16702-16711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jisoo Shin ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Boseok Kang ◽  
Jaewon Lee ◽  
Heung Gyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital ◽  
Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital

The control of the molecular energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is crucial to the design of highly efficient polymer solar cells (PSCs).

scholarly journals Effect of main and side chain chlorination on the photovoltaic properties of benzodithiophene-alt-benzotriazole polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (43) ◽  
pp. 15426-15435
Author(s):  
Haijun Bin ◽  
Indunil Angunawela ◽  
Ruijie Ma ◽  
Asritha Nallapaneni ◽  
Chenhui Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Power Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Homo Energy Level

Introduction of chlorine in the conjugated side chains significantly improves open-circuit voltage and power conversion efficiency, benefiting from a lower HOMO energy level, well-balanced charge transport and superior nanoscale morphology.

Side-chain effect on the photovoltaic performance of conjugated polymers based on benzodifuran and benzodithiophene-4,8-dione

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
pp. 2001-2007
Author(s):  
Enfang He ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Yueyue Gao ◽  
Fengyun Guo ◽  
Shiyong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Solvent Additive

ABSTRACT:Two benzodifuran (BDF) polymers, PBDF-C and PBDF-S, with alkyl and alkylthio substituted thiophene side-chains and benzodithiophene-4,8-dione (BDD) as the acceptor were designed and synthesized. Their optical, electrochemical properties and photovoltaic performances were systematically investigated. The polymer solar cells (PSCs) with a device structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:PC71BM/Ca/Al were fabricated. The PBDF-C based device showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.01% after adding 1 vol% 1,8-diodooctane (DIO) as the solvent additive, and PBDF-S gave an enhanced PCE of 3.48% without any post-treatments. The enhancements were from the higher open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF). The thermal- and solvent-treatment-free processing is more favourable for the large area roll-to-roll manufacturing or printing technology for PSCs.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Cyano-Substituted Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mun Ho Yang ◽  
Ho Cheol Jin ◽  
Joo Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong Wook Chang
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Strong Electron ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties

Three conjugated polymers, in which the electron-donating (D) 5-alkylthiophene-2-yl-substitued benzodithiophene was linked to three different electron-accepting (A) moieties, i.e., benzothiadiazole (BT), diphenylquinoxaline (DPQ), and dibenzophenazine (DBP) derivative via thiophene bridge, were synthesized using the Stille coupling reaction. In particular, the strong electron-withdrawing cyano (CN) group was incorporated into the A units BT, DPQ, and DBP to afford three D–A type target polymers PB–BTCN, PB–DPQCN, and PB–DBPCN, respectively. Owing to the significant contribution of the CN-substituent, these polymers exhibit not only low-lying energy levels of both the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, but also reduced bandgaps. Furthermore, to investigate the photovoltaic properties of polymers, inverted-type devices with the structure of ITO/ZnO/Polymer:PC71BM/MoO3/Ag were fabricated and analyzed. All the polymer solar cells based on the three cyano-substituted conjugated polymers showed high open-circuit voltages (Voc) greater than 0.89 V, and the highest power conversion efficiency of 4.59% was obtained from the device based on PB-BtCN with a Voc of 0.93 V, short-circuit current of 7.36 mA cm−2, and fill factor of 67.1%.

An efficient method to achieve a balanced open circuit voltage and short circuit current density in polymer solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (21) ◽  
pp. 8291-8297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfeng Dang ◽  
Pei Zhou ◽  
Linrui Duan ◽  
Xichang Bao ◽  
Renqiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit

Good light harvesting properties and matched energy levels as well as enhanced Jsc value and high Voc value in solar cells were achieved simultaneously by construction of the D–A–π–A type regular terpolymers of PIDT-DTQ-TT, finally leading to the maximum PCE value of 6.63% in PSCs.

The Side-Chain Effects on Photovoltaic Properties of Copolymers Based on Phenothiazine and Thiophene

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2621-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Sol Yoo ◽  
Dae Hee Yun ◽  
Tae Won Ko ◽  
Yong Sung Park ◽  
Je Wan Woo
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Suzuki Coupling Reaction

In this study, the alternating conductive polymers based on phenothiazine and bithiophene unit, poly[(N-10-dodecyl-phenothiazin-3,7-ylene)-alt-(2,2’-bithiophen-5-yl)] (P1) and poly[(N-10- dodecyl-phenothiazin-3,7-ylene)-alt-(4,4’-didodecyl-2,2’-bithiophen-5-yl)] (P2), were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction in the presence of palladium catalyst. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR. The optical, electrochemical properties of synthesized polymers were investigated by UV-Vis, cyclic voltammetry (CV). The optical band gap of 2.22 eV and 2.50 eV was obtained from absorption onset of UV-Vis spectrum. Then, the two devices using blends of the polymer, as a donor, and PC71BM, as an acceptor, were fabricated by spin-coating. The device with a P1:PC71BM (1:4, w/w) as an active layer exhibited the best performance with an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.68 V, short circuit current (JSC) of 3.5 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) of 31.8 % and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.74 %.

Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Fluorene-Based Copolymers with Thiophene Heterocycle on the Side Chain

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 7677-7681
Author(s):  
Qiong Hou ◽  
Xiang Hua Zeng ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Ting Guo ◽  
Hong Yu Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Coupling Methods ◽  
Electrode Interface ◽  
Hetero Cycle

High molecular weight, readily soluable copolymer was prepared from 9,9-di (2-thienyl-hexyl) fluorene (TF) 2,7-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9,9-di octyl fluorene and narrow band gap comonomer 2,3-dimethyl- 5,8-(5-bromo)-dithien-2-yl-quinoxalines (DTQU) using pallad- ium catalyzed Suzuki coupling methods. To compare the copolymer to this without thiophene in the C9 side chain of fluorene, the copolymer from DOF and DTQU was synthesized. The electrochemical, optical and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers were studied. The absorption spectra of the copolymers measured in thin films display two absorption peaks. The power conversion efficiency achieved in the device configuration ITO/PEDT/FT- DTQU:PCBM (1:2)/Al is 0.85% with open-circuit voltage (Voc) 0.8V. Further improvement by manipulating polymer/electrode interface and further investigation of more polyfluorene copolymers with narrow band gap aryl-hetero cycle units on the side chain is in progress.

Improvement of open-circuit voltage and photovoltaic properties of 2D-conjugated polymers by alkylthio substitution

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2276-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohua Cui ◽  
Wai-Yeung Wong ◽  
Yongfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Conjugated Copolymer

The photovoltaic properties of 2D-conjugated copolymer PBDTTTs were further improved by side chain engineering in a 2D-conjugated polymer.

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