scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Bitumen Plasticization and Microwave Treatment on Short-Term Devulcanization of Ground Tire Rubber

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Zedler ◽  
Marek Klein ◽  
Mohammad Reza Saeb ◽  
Xavier Colom ◽  
Javier Cañavate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

Ground tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified with road bitumen 160/220 and subsequently treated using a microwave radiation. The combined impact of bitumen 160/220 content and microwave treatment on short-term devulcanization of GTR was studied by thermal camera, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF), static headspace, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS), thermogravimetric analysis combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR), oscillating disc rheometer and static mechanical properties measurements. The obtained results showed that bitumen plasticizer prevents oxidation of GTR during microwave treatment and simultaneously improves processing and thermal stability of obtained reclaimed rubber.

scholarly journals Studies on the Synergistic Effects of Bitumen Plasticization and Microwave Treatment on Short-Term Devulcanization of Ground Tire Rubber (GTR)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Zedler ◽  
Marek Klein ◽  
Mohammad Reza Saeb ◽  
Xavier Colom ◽  
Javier Cañavate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

In this paper, ground tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified with road bitumen 160/220 and subsequently treated using a microwave radiation. The combined impact of bitumen 160/220 content and microwave treatment on short-term devulcanization of GTR were studied by thermal camera, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF), static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS), thermogravimetric analysis combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR), oscillating disc rheometer and static mechanical properties measurements. The obtained results showed that bitumen plasticizer prevent oxidation of GTR during microwave treatment and simultaneously improves processing and thermal stability of obtained reclaimed rubber. 

scholarly journals Preliminary Investigation on Auto-Thermal Extrusion of Ground Tire Rubber

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Zedler ◽  
Daria Kowalkowska-Zedler ◽  
Henri Vahabi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Saeb ◽  
Xavier Colom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Thermal Extrusion

Ground tire rubber (GTR) was processed using an auto-thermal extrusion as a prerequisite to green reclaiming of waste rubbers. The reclaimed GTR underwent a series of tests: thermogravimetric analysis combined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) in order to evaluate the impact of barrel heating conditions (with/without external barrel heating) on the reclaiming process of GTR. Moreover, samples were cured to assess the impact of reclaiming heating conditions on curing characteristics and physico-mechanical properties. Detailed analysis of the results indicated that the application of auto-thermal extrusion is a promising approach for the sustainable development of reclaiming technologies.

The Utilization of Ground Tire Rubber as Ion Exchange Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supitcha Rungrodnimitchai ◽  
Sirinapa Mayod ◽  
Sutamma Tanasarn
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Carboxyl Content ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Ft Ir

In this study, ground tire rubber (R-GTR) with the average particle size of 456 µm was chemically modified to produce modified ground tire rubber (M-GTR) that can work as ion exchange materials. The modification was performed by oxidation reaction. The ground tire rubber was oxidized at the range of temperature from 20 to 40๐C for 48, 72 and 96 hours by a mixture of the HNO3/H3PO4/NaNO2system. The HNO3/H3PO4ratio was 1:3 and the concentration of NaNO2was 1.4% w/v. FT-IR revealed that the carboxyl group or the carbonyl group was successfully introduced into the modified ground tire rubber and SEM images demonstrated that the porosity of modified ground tire rubber increased. The results of the modified ground tire rubber showed that the carboxyl content increased with an increase of reaction time while %yield decreased with an increase of reaction time. The optimum condition for modification was the reaction at 30๐C for 96 hours.

scholarly journals Devulcanization of ground tire rubber: microwave and thermomechanical approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Ábel Simon ◽  
Dávid Zoltán Pirityi ◽  
Tamás Bárány
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Chain Scission ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
Internal Mixer

Abstract We devulcanized ground tire rubber (GTR) in a laboratory microwave oven and an internal mixer, measured the soluble content and the cross-link density of the samples, and then used Horikx’s analysis. The results showed that microwave treatment caused severe degradation of the polymer chains, while in the case of thermomechanical devulcanization, the selective scission of covalent cross-links is more common. Four devulcanized ground tire rubber (dGTR) samples were chosen for further study and three groups of samples were produced: dGTR samples containing vulcanizing agents and different amounts of paraffin oil (dGTR-based mixtures), natural rubber-based rubber mixtures with different dGTR contents and reference rubber mixtures with dGTR-based mixtures (increased vulcanizing agent contents). Cure characteristics showed a plasticizer-like effect of dGTR. Tensile and tear strength decreased drastically with increasing dGTR content; however, elongation at break values did not follow such a trend. Mechanical properties improved with increased vulcanizing agent contents. The examined properties of the samples improved even further with the use of thermomechanically devulcanized samples. Horikx’s analysis showed that this is attributable to moderate polymer chain scission.

scholarly journals Modification of Ground Tire Rubber—Promising Approach for Development of Green Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Łukasz Zedler ◽  
Marta Przybysz-Romatowska ◽  
Józef Haponiuk ◽  
Shifeng Wang ◽  
Krzysztof Formela
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Dicumyl Peroxide ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Reactive Sintering ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Ground tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified using a road bitumen 100/150 and two types of organic peroxides: di-(2-tert-butyl-peroxyisopropyl)-benzene (BIB) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The impact of used additives on reactive sintering efficiency and physico-mechanical properties of modified GTR was investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements, followed by tensile tests and swelling behavior studies. It was found that the application of bitumen and both used peroxides (DCP/BIB) improves processing and reactive sintering efficiency better than untreated GTR. However, the results indicate that BIB is more prone to blooming on the surface of modified GTR, thus limiting (especially at higher content) its application as a modifier and promotor of GTR reactive sintering.

Chemically modified ground tire rubber as fluoride ions adsorbents

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supitcha Rungrodnimitchai ◽  
Ditpon Kotatha
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Chemically Modified

scholarly journals Temperature-Dependent Creep Behavior and Quasi-Static Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treated Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Dong Xing ◽  
Xinzhou Wang ◽  
Siqun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

In this paper, Berkovich depth-sensing indentation has been used to study the effects of the temperature-dependent quasi-static mechanical properties and creep deformation of heat-treated wood at temperatures from 20 °C to 180 °C. The characteristics of the load–depth curve, creep strain rate, creep compliance, and creep stress exponent of heat-treated wood are evaluated. The results showed that high temperature heat treatment improved the hardness of wood cell walls and reduced the creep rate of wood cell walls. This is mainly due to the improvement of the crystallinity of the cellulose, and the recondensation and crosslinking reaction of the lignocellulose structure. The Burgers model is well fitted to study the creep behavior of heat-treated wood cell walls under different temperatures.

Quasi-static mechanical properties of novel generalized Resch-pattern composite foldcores

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622094000
Author(s):  
Antao Deng ◽  
Bin Ji ◽  
Xiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Honeycomb Core ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Laminate Thickness ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

A new geometric design method for foldcores based on the generalized Resch patterns that allow face-to-face bonding interfaces between the core and the skins is proposed. Based on the geometric design method, a systematic numerical investigation on the quasi-static mechanical properties of the generalized Resch-based foldcores made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) woven fabrics subjected to compression and shear loads is performed using the finite element method that is validated by experiments. The relationships between the mechanical properties and various geometric parameters as well as laminate thickness of the generalized Resch-based CFRP foldcores are revealed. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the generalized Resch-based CFRP foldcore are compared to those of the standard Resch-based, Miura-based foldcore, the honeycomb core, and the aluminum counterpart. It is found that the generalized Resch-based CFRP foldcore performs more stably than the honeycomb core under compression and has higher compressive and shear stiffnesses than the standard Resch-based and Miura-based foldcores and absorbs as nearly twice energy under compression as the Miura-based foldcore does. When compared with the aluminum counterpart, the CFRP model has higher weight-specific stiffness and strength but lower energy absorption capacity under shearing. The results presented in this paper can serve as the useful guideline for the design of the generalized Resch-based composite foldcore sandwich structures for various performance goals.

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