Characterization and Evaluation of Controlled Antimicrobial Release from Petrochemical (PU) and Biodegradable (PHB) Packaging

Alexey Iordanskii; Anna Zhulkina; Anatoliy Olkhov; Sergey Fomin; Andrey Burkov; Mikhail Stilman

doi:10.3390/polym10080817

Characterization and Evaluation of Controlled Antimicrobial Release from Petrochemical (PU) and Biodegradable (PHB) Packaging

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym10080817 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 817 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alexey Iordanskii ◽

Anna Zhulkina ◽

Anatoliy Olkhov ◽

Sergey Fomin ◽

Andrey Burkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymer Surface ◽

Active Agent ◽

Diffusion Test ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Disk Diffusion Test ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Barrier Materials ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Kinetic Release

The academic exploration and technology design of active packaging are coherently supplying innovative approaches for enhancing the quality and safety of food, as well as prolonging their shelf-life. With the object of comparison between two barrier materials, such as stable petrochemical polyurethane (PU), (BASF), and biodegradable natural poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), (Biomer Co., Krailling, Germany), the study of antibacterial agent release has been performed. For the characterization of polymer surface morphology and crystallinity, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used respectively. The antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD) has been estimated by the Bauer–Kirby Disk Diffusion Test. It was shown that the kinetic release profiles of CHD, as the active agent, in both polymers, significantly differed due to the superposition of diffusion and surface degradation in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). To emphasize the special transport phenomena in polymer packaging, the diffusivity modeling was performed and the CHD diffusion coefficients for the plane films of PU and PHB were further compared. The benefit of active biodegradable packaging on the base of PHB is discussed.

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Characterization of the Spindle Morphology Nanomicelles Assembled from Sericin and Gelatin

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2017/6857637 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Xiaozhou Su ◽

Lei Li ◽

Weihan Huang

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Ft Ir ◽

And Storage ◽

Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Complex nanomicelles were prepared by sericin and type A gelatin with molecular weight of 5789 Da and 128664 Da separately. The assembling conditions were as follows: mass ratio (sericin/gelatin) was 1 : 1, protein concentration was 0.5%, temperature was 35°C, and assembling time was 18 hours. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were conducted to observe and characterize the complex nanomicelles. Results showed that the complex sericin/gelatin micelles was a kind of nanospindle micelles. The micelles had high electrochemical stability, thermal stability, antidilution stability, and storage stability.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Syndiotactic Polystyrene-Polyethylene Block Copolymer

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11040698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 698 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lamparelli ◽

Speranza ◽

Camurati ◽

Buonerba ◽

Oliva

Keyword(s):

Direct Synthesis ◽

Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽

Syndiotactic Polystyrene ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Synthetic Strategy ◽

Atomic Force

The direct synthesis of syndiotactic polystyrene-block-polyethylene copolymer (sPS-b-PE) with a diblock structure has been achieved. The synthetic strategy consists of the sequential stereocontrolled polymerization of styrene and ethylene in the presence of a single catalytic system: cyclopentadienyltitanium(IV) trichloride activated by modified methylaluminoxane (CpTiCl3/MMAO). The reaction conditions suitable for affording the partially living polymerization of these monomers were identified, and the resulting copolymer, purified from contaminant homopolymers, was fully characterized. Gel permeation chromatography coupled with two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy COSY, HSQC, and DOSY confirmed the block nature of the obtained polymer, whose thermal behaviour and thin film morphology were also investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, powder wide angle x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy.

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Multicomponent Network Formation in Selective Layer of Composite Membrane for CO2 Separation

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes11030174 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 174

Author(s):

Jelena Lillepärg ◽

Evgeni Sperling ◽

Marit Blanke ◽

Martin Held ◽

Sergey Shishatskiy

Keyword(s):

Network Formation ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Selective Layer ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Thin Film Composite ◽

Atomic Force

As a promising material for CO2/N2 separation, PolyActiveTM can be used as a separation layer in thin-film composite membranes (TFCM). Prior studies focused on the modification of PolyActiveTM using low-molecular-weight additives. In this study, the effect of chemical crosslinking of reactive end-groups containing additives, forming networks within selective layers of the TFCM, has been studied. In order to understand the influence of a network embedded into a polymer matrix on the properties of the resulting materials, various characterization methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas transport measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were used. The characterization of the resulting membrane regarding individual gas permeances by an in-house built “pressure increase” facility revealed a twofold increase in CO2 permeance, with insignificant losses in CO2/N2 selectivity.

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY(PHTHALAZINONE ETHER NITRILE) COPOLYMERS WITH HYDROPHOBIC SURFACE

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x08011731 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (05) ◽

pp. 705-709 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. M. DONG ◽

G. X. LIAO ◽

C. LIU ◽

S. S. YANG ◽

X. G. JIAN

Keyword(s):

Polymer Surface ◽

Hydrophobic Surface ◽

Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽

Water Repellency ◽

Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

H Nmr ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Hydrophobic Polymer

Poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile) (PPEN) block copolymers containing polysiloxane were prepared so as to create a strongly hydrophobic polymer surface. The copolymers were synthesized from eugenol end-capped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and fluoro-terminated PPEN oligomers by the aromatic nucleophilic substitution polycondensation in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide/o-dichlorobenzene and K 2 CO 3 as solvents and catalyst, respectively. The resultant copolymers were characterized by FTIR, 1 H NMR, and gel permeation chromatography. XPS analysis results indicated that the copolymer film had a very rich PDMS segment surface. Atomic force microscopy further showed that there existed a continuous PDMS phase on the copolymer surface and PPEN as the dispersive particles was dispersed at diameters between 0.1 and 0.3 nm. The enrichment of PDMS in the copolymer surface could be responsible for an increase of surface water repellency (113.4°).

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Characterization of the Casein/Keratin Self-Assembly Nanomicelles

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2014/183815 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Su Xiao-Zhou ◽

Wang Hong-Ru ◽

Huang Mian

Keyword(s):

Self Assembly ◽

Storage Stability ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Good Potential ◽

And Storage

Complex nanomicelles were made from casein and keratin through electrostatic self-assembly and transglutaminase fixation that was proved to be harmless and green. The complex nanomicelles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and steady-state florescence. The results show that the complex nanomcelles acquired at the neutral pH in the mass ratio of casein to keratin 4 : 1 exhibit an anomalous sphere shape with uniform size which the diameter is about 40–70 nm. The complex nanomicelles in solution possess excellent dilution and storage stability due to the fixation and their highζ-potential (22.8 mV). The complex nanomicelles are relatively hydrophilic and have a good potential for industrial application.

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Characterization of polymer surface structure and surface mechanical behaviour by sum frequency generation surface vibrational spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy

Journal of Physics Condensed Matter ◽

10.1088/0953-8984/16/21/r02 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (21) ◽

pp. R659-R677 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Aric Opdahl ◽

Telly S Koffas ◽

Ella Amitay-Sadovsky ◽

Joonyeong Kim ◽

Gabor A Somorjai

Keyword(s):

Atomic Force Microscopy ◽

Surface Structure ◽

Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽

Mechanical Behaviour ◽

Polymer Surface ◽

Sum Frequency Generation ◽

Sum Frequency ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force

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“Short” Dithiol and Au Nanoparticles Grafting on Plasma Treated Polyethyleneterephthalate

Journal of Nano Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.25.40 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 40-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Václav Švorčík ◽

Zdeňka Kolská ◽

Jakub Siegel ◽

Petr Slepička

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Au Nanoparticles ◽

Polymer Surface ◽

Au Nanoparticle ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Sh Groups ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Sh Group ◽

Modified Surface

Surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was modified by plasma discharge and subsequently grafted with dithiol (4,4-bifenyldithiol, BFD)) to create thiol (-SH) groups on polymer surface. This short dithiol is expected to be fixed via one of-SH groups to radicals created by the plasma treatment on the PET surface. Free-SH groups are allowed to interact with Au nanoparticles. Xray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Electrokinetic Analysis (EA, zeta potential) were used for the characterization of surface chemistry of the modified PET. Surface morphology and roughness of the samples were studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).The results from XPS, FTIR, EA and AFM show that the Au nanoparticles are grafted on modified surface in the case of bifenyldithiol pretreatment. The rigid molecule of biphenyldithiol is bounded via only one-SH group to the modified PET surface and the second one remains free for the consecutive chemical reaction with Au nanoparticle. The gold nanoparticles are distributed relatively homogenously over the polymer surface.

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Wrinkling Poly(trimethylene 2,5-Furanoate) Free-standing Films: Nanostructure Formation and Physical Properties

10.26434/chemrxiv.11867205.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Michelina Soccio ◽

Nadia Lotti ◽

Andrea Munari ◽

Esther Rebollar ◽

Daniel E Martínez-Tong

Keyword(s):

Irradiation Time ◽

Polymer Surface ◽

Laser Source ◽

Free Standing ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Nanostructure Formation ◽

Physicochemical Changes ◽

Angle Measurements ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Contact Angle Measurements

<p>Nanostructured wrinkles were developed on fully bio-based poly(trimethylene furanoate) (PTF) films by using the technique of Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS). We investigated the effect of irradiation time on wrinkle formation using an UV pulsed laser source, at a fluence of 8 mJ/cm2. It was found that the pulse range between 600 and 4800 pulses allowed formation of periodic nanometric ripples. The nanostructured surface was studied using a combined macro- and nanoscale approach. We evaluated possible physicochemical changes taking place on the polymer surface after irradiation by infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy. The macroscopic physicochemical properties of PTF showed almost no changes after nanostructure formation, differently from the results previously found for the terephthalic counterparts, as poly(ethyleneterephthalate), PET, and poly(trimethyleneterephthalate), PTT. The surface mechanical properties of the nanostructured PTF were found to be improved, as evidenced by nanomechanical force spectroscopy measurements. In particular, an increased Young’s modulus and higher stiffness for the nanostructured sample were measured. <br></p>

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Rapid, Refined, and Robust Method for Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Human Amyloid-beta M1-42

10.26434/chemrxiv.7725002.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Priya Prakash ◽

Travis Lantz ◽

Krupal P. Jethava ◽

Gaurav Chopra

Keyword(s):

Amyloid Beta ◽

Western Blots ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

E Coli ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Set Up ◽

Short Time

Amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients primarily consists of amyloid beta 1-42 (Ab42). Commercially, Ab42 is synthetized using peptide synthesizers. We describe a robust methodology for expression of recombinant human Ab(M1-42) in Rosetta(DE3)pLysS and BL21(DE3)pLysS competent E. coli with refined and rapid analytical purification techniques. The peptide is isolated and purified from the transformed cells using an optimized set-up for reverse-phase HPLC protocol, using commonly available C18 columns, yielding high amounts of peptide (~15-20 mg per 1 L culture) in a short time. The recombinant Ab(M1-42) forms characteristic aggregates similar to synthetic Ab42 aggregates as verified by western blots and atomic force microscopy to warrant future biological use. Our rapid, refined, and robust technique to purify human Ab(M1-42) can be used to synthesize chemical probes for several downstream in vitro and in vivo assays to facilitate AD research.

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