scholarly journals Low phytic acid Crops: Observations Based on Four Decades of Research

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Raboy
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Phytic Acid ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Potential Benefits

The low phytic acid (lpa), or “low-phytate” seed trait can provide numerous potential benefits to the nutritional quality of foods and feeds and to the sustainability of agricultural production. Major benefits include enhanced phosphorus (P) management contributing to enhanced sustainability in non-ruminant (poultry, swine, and fish) production; reduced environmental impact due to reduced waste P in non-ruminant production; enhanced “global” bioavailability of minerals (iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium) for both humans and non-ruminant animals; enhancement of animal health, productivity and the quality of animal products; development of “low seed total P” crops which also can enhance management of P in agricultural production and contribute to its sustainability. Evaluations of this trait by industry and by advocates of biofortification via breeding for enhanced mineral density have been too short term and too narrowly focused. Arguments against breeding for the low-phytate trait overstate the negatives such as potentially reduced yields and field performance or possible reductions in phytic acid’s health benefits. Progress in breeding or genetically-engineering high-yielding stress-tolerant low-phytate crops continues. Perhaps due to the potential benefits of the low-phytate trait, the challenge of developing high-yielding, stress-tolerant low-phytate crops has become something of a holy grail for crop genetic engineering. While there are widely available and efficacious alternative approaches to deal with the problems posed by seed-derived dietary phytic acid, such as use of the enzyme phytase as a feed additive, or biofortification breeding, if there were an interest in developing low-phytate crops with good field performance and good seed quality, it could be accomplished given adequate time and support. Even with a moderate reduction in yield, in light of the numerous benefits of low-phytate types as human foods or animal feeds, should one not grow a nutritionally-enhanced crop variant that perhaps has 5% to 10% less yield than a standard variant but one that is substantially more nutritious? Such crops would be a benefit to human nutrition especially in populations at risk for iron and zinc deficiency, and a benefit to the sustainability of agricultural production.

Milling and Baking Quality of Low Phytic Acid Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 2403-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Guttieri ◽  
K. M. Peterson ◽  
E. J. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Low Phytic Acid ◽  
Baking Quality

Effects of Two Low Phytic Acid Mutations on Seed Quality and Nutritional Traits in Soybean (Glycine maxL. Merr)

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 3632-3638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Jie Yuan ◽  
Dan-Hua Zhu ◽  
Bo Deng ◽  
Xu-Jun Fu ◽  
De-Kun Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Low Phytic Acid

scholarly journals Phytic Acid and Transporters: What Can We Learn from low phytic acid Mutants?

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Cominelli ◽  
Roberto Pilu ◽  
Francesca Sparvoli
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Low Phytic Acid ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Silico Analysis

Phytic acid has two main roles in plant tissues: Storage of phosphorus and regulation of different cellular processes. From a nutritional point of view, it is considered an antinutritional compound because, being a cation chelator, its presence reduces mineral bioavailability from the diet. In recent decades, the development of low phytic acid (lpa) mutants has been an important goal for nutritional seed quality improvement, mainly in cereals and legumes. Different lpa mutations affect phytic acid biosynthetic genes. However, other lpa mutations isolated so far, affect genes coding for three classes of transporters: A specific group of ABCC type vacuolar transporters, putative sulfate transporters, and phosphate transporters. In the present review, we summarize advances in the characterization of these transporters in cereals and legumes. Particularly, we describe genes, proteins, and mutants for these different transporters, and we report data of in silico analysis aimed at identifying the putative orthologs in some other cereal and legume species. Finally, we comment on the advantage of using such types of mutants for crop biofortification and on their possible utility to unravel links between phosphorus and sulfur metabolism (phosphate and sulfate homeostasis crosstalk).

scholarly journals Effect of combined germination, dehulling and boiling on mineral, sucrose, stachyose, fibrulose, and phytic acid content of different chickpea cultivars.

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (55) ◽  
pp. 6853-6867
Author(s):  
LN Malunga LN ◽  
◽  
S Barel-Dadon ◽  
Z Berkovich ◽  
S Abbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Phytic Acid Content ◽  
Low Phytic Acid ◽  
Traditional Technologies

Chickpea is a good source of high quality protein, carbohydrates, vitamins (thiamine and niacin), and minerals. However, its use in industry has been limited by variation in composition with cultivar and also the presence of oligosaccharides, trypsin inhibitors, phytic acids, tannin, and haemagglutinin. Different technologies have been studied to eliminate or minimise the undesirable factors in chickpeas. None of the studied traditional technologies has been found to effectively eliminate or minimise all the undesirable factors in chickpeas. It is not clear whether a combination of these traditional technologies, more especially cooking of germinated and dehulled chickpeas, will significantly reduce all the antinutritional factors . The physical characteristics, stachyose, sucrose, phytic acid, fibrulose, and mineral content of different chickpeas cultivar were determined and compared with reference to infant and child nutrition. The selected cultivars were (1) dehulled and boiled before drying; (2) dehulled followed by soaking and boiling before drying; (3) boiled without dehulling before drying; and germinated, boiled followed by drying and dehulling . The effects of the processing on mineral, sugar, dietary fibre content were evaluated. Desi were found to have lower seed weight, hydration capacity and swelling capacity compared to kabuli . Seed density, hydration index and swelling index did not vary with cultivar. The mineral density, stachyose, fibrulose, and hull content increased significantly (p<0.05) with the decrease of seed weight whereas phytic acid content did not vary. All processes resulted in an increase in calcium, phosphorous, zinc, and phytic acid and a decrease in potassium, iron, magnesium, sucrose, stachyose and fibrulose content regardless of cultivar type. Germination for 72 hrs followed by boiling, drying and dehulling resulted in highest reduction in antinutritional factors with minimal nutrient loss. It is feasible to use chickpeas as an excellent source of infant follow -on formula/weaning food with minimal mineral fortification and use of low phytic acid cultivars.

Impact of mips1, lpa1 , and lpa2 Alleles for Low Phytic Acid Content on Agronomic, Seed Quality, and Seed Composition Traits of Soybean

Crop Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 2490-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Averitt ◽  
Chao Shang ◽  
Luciana Rosso ◽  
Jun Qin ◽  
Mengchen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Phytic Acid Content ◽  
Low Phytic Acid

scholarly journals Image analysis of papaya seeds submitted to sarcotesta removal methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Rogério Luciano Severiano ◽  
Paloma Rayane Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco Guilhien Gomes Júnior ◽  
Andréa Celina Ferreira Demartelaere ◽  
Márcio Dias Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Sieve Method ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Papaya Seeds

ABSTRACT The germination of papaya seeds is slow and uneven, usually due to inhibitors present in the sarcotesta; however, some removal procedures may cause physical damage, negatively interfering in the physiological quality and field performance. This study aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of papaya seeds submitted to methods of sarcotesta removal by image analysis. Papaya Formosa ‘Tainung 01' seeds were submitted to the following methods of sarcotesta removal: fermentation + sieve, sand + sieve, sieve and blender + sieve. After the sarcotesta removal, the seeds were submitted to tests of germination, first germination count, germination speed and seedling length. For the image analysis, the seeds without sarcotesta were submitted to the X-ray test and to a computerized analysis of seedling images by the SVIS® software. The methods used were only promising for the sarcotesta removal, while the blender + sieve method obtained the highest physical and physiological seed quality, in addition to performing the best sarcotesta removal. However, the image analysis using the SVIS® software allowed to identify the high physical and physiological seed quality using the blender + sieve method, which promoted the highest efficiency in removing the sarcotesta.

Yield and Seed quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as affected by variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Shahnaj Yesmina ◽  
Moushumi Akhtarb ◽  
Belal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Vigour Index

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time on yield and seed quality of barley. The treatments used in the experiment consisted of two varieties viz. BARI Barley 4 and BARI Barley 5, three harvesting time viz. 35, 40 and 45 Days after Anthesis (DAA) and nitrogen levels viz. 0, 70, 85 and 100 kg N ha-1 . The experiment was laid out in a spilt- spilt-plot design with three replications assigning the variety to the main plot, harvesting time to the sub-plots and nitrogen level to the sub-sub plots. Variety had significant effects on the all yield attributes except fertile seeds spike-1 . Seed quality parameters viz. normal seeds spike-1 , deformed seeds spike-1 , germination (%) and vigour index were statistically significant. The variety BARI Barley 5 produced higher grain yield and seed quality than BARI Barley 4. Grain yield from BARI Barley 5 and BARI Barley 4 were 4.59 t ha-1 and 4.24 t ha-1 , respectively. Significantly, the highest 1000-seed weight (46.90 g) was produced by BARI Barley 5 than (37.90 g) BARI Barley 4. The result revealed that harvesting time had significant effect on yield and yield attributes and seed quality parameters. Seed yield was highest (4.65 t ha-1 ) when the crop harvested at 40 DAA and it was increased linearly from 35 DAA. Maximum quality seed and 1000-seed weight (43.20 g) was obtained when the crop harvested at 40 DAA. All the yields, yield attributes and seed quality parameters were significantly influenced by nitrogen levels. The highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained when BARI Barley 5 variety was fertilized by 100 kg N ha-1 and the lowest (3.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained from control treatments. Normal seeds spike-1 , vigour index, germination (%) were better at 85 kg N ha-1 in variety of BARI Barley 5 than BARI Barley 4. So it can be concluded that BARI Barley 5 showed better result when fertilized with 100 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting maximum yield and 85 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting better quality seed.

The Relationship between the Development of Human Capital and the Agricultural Economy in Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
B.A. Voronin ◽  
◽  
I.P. Chupina ◽  
Ya.V. Voronina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Household Factors ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses a non-standard view of the formation of human capital for work in organizations of the agricultural sector of the economy, in the context of modern socio-economic transformations. In the classical sense, human capital for agriculture should be formed and developed in rural areas. But in real life, this is not always the case, because there are many factors that prevent the classical solution of this problem. First, the demographic factor affects, second, social and household factors, and third, in many rural areas there are no working agricultural organizations where qualified agricultural specialists can work. All these and other circumstances actualize the problem of the quality of human capital in rural areas in relation to the development of agricultural production.

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