scholarly journals Identification of Antimicrobial Compounds from Sandwithia guyanensis-Associated Endophyte Using Molecular Network Approach

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong-Y Mai ◽  
Marceau Levasseur ◽  
Didier Buisson ◽  
David Touboul ◽  
Véronique Eparvier
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Molecular Network ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Different Parts

The emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens and the increase of antimicrobial resistance constitutes a major health challenge, leading to intense research efforts being focused on the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds. In this study, endophytes were isolated from different parts of Sandwithia guyanensis plant (leaves, wood and latex) belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family and known to produce antimicrobial compounds, and chemically characterised using Molecular Network in order to discover novel antimicrobial molecules. One fungal endophyte extract obtained from S. guyanensis latex showed significant antimicrobial activity with Minimal Inhibitory Concentration on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 16 µg/mL. The chemical investigation of this fungus (Lecanicillium genus) extract led to the isolation of 5 stephensiolides compounds, four of which demonstrated antibacterial activity. Stephensiolide I and G showed the highest antibacterial activity on MRSA with a MIC at 4 and 16 µg/mL respectively.

scholarly journals Lichen Xanthones as Models for New Antifungal Agents

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Resende ◽  
Patrícia Pereira-Terra ◽  
Ângela Inácio ◽  
Paulo Costa ◽  
Eugénia Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, the search for new antimicrobial compounds plays an important role in current medicinal chemistry research. Inspired by lichen antimicrobial xanthones, a series of novel chlorinated xanthones was prepared using five chlorination methods (Methods A–E) to obtain different patterns of substitution in the xanthone scaffold. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Among them, 3-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one 15 showed promising antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (ATCC 29212 and 29213) and S. aureus ATCC 29213. 2,7-Dichloro-3,4,6-trimethoxy-1-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one 18 revealed a potent fungistatic and fungicidal activity against dermatophytes clinical strains (T. rubrum, M. canis, and E. floccosum (MIC = 4–8 µg/mL)). Moreover, when evaluated for its synergistic effect for T. rubrum, compound 18 exhibited synergy with fluconazole (ΣFIC = 0.289). These results disclosed new hit xanthones for both antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Antimicrobial activity of seven Piper species from Colombian coffee-growing Eco-region against multidrug resistant bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Oscar M Mosquera ◽  
◽  
Roman Y. Ramirez-Rueda ◽  
Aura M. Blandon ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Species of Piper genus are known for their numerous biological activities and their diverse phytochemical composition. The object of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of extracts obtained from seven Piperaceae species. Broth microdilution technique was used for biological evaluation and some phytochemical nuclei present in the bioactive extracts were identified by thin layer chromatography and characterization reactions. Among the most important results, it is highlighted the inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract from Piper pesaresanum against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 43300, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5 μg/mL. Additionally, secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenols and flavonoids were detected in this extract. In conclussion, the species P. pesaresanum showed high potential for bioguided search of antibacterial compounds against multidrug resistant S. aureus.

scholarly journals Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi Permata Sari ◽  
Wiwin Retnowati ◽  
Yuani Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

 Abstract. Staphylococcus aureus merupakan flora normal kulit manusia yang bisa menyebabkan infeksi ketika sistem imun tubuh manusia sedang lemah. Pengobatan Staphylococcus aureus tergolong sulit karena Staphylococcus aureus mudah resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik sehingga dikenal istilah Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), dan Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) yang menunjukkan resistensi tersebut. Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dapat dihambat ekstrak daun petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala). Tanaman petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) digunakan masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat tradisional untuk menyembuhkan luka, mengobati cacingan, dan mengobati jerawat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus.Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental laboratorium dengan metode dilusi sebanyak 6 replikasi. Setiap replikasi menggunakan konsentrasi ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) sebesar 3,125%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100% untuk mencari konsentrasi hambat minimal dan konsentrasi bunuh minimal terhadap Staphylococcus aureus.Hasil penelitian tidak dapat menentukan konsentrasi hambat minimal (KHM) ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus karena warna ekstrak yang gelap. Sedangkan konsentrasi bunuh minimal (KBM) ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ditemukan pada konsentrasi 50%, yang menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 50% adalah konsentrasi terkecil dimana tidak terdapat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Sebagai simpulan, ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Kata kunci: Staphylococcus aureus, Leucaena leucocephala, metode dilusi  Abstract. Staphylococcus aureus is a normal human skin flora that can cause infection when human immune system is weak. Staphylococcus aureus treatment is difficult because Staphylococcus aureus is easily resistant to some antibiotics so several terms such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), and Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) are known to indicate the resistance. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus can be inhibited by Leucaena leucocephala leaf extract. Leucaena leucocephala is used by Indonesian people as traditional medicine to heal wounds, treat worm infection, and treat acne. The objective of this study was to identify the antibacterial activity of Leucaena leucocephala seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus.This was a laboratory experimental study using dilution method as many as five replications. Each replication used Leucaena leucocephala seed extract in concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus. The results were not able to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Leucaena leucocephala seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus due to dark color of the extract. While the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Leucaena leucocephala seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus was 50%. This showed that the concentration of 50% was the lowest concentration where there was no growth of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus.In conclusion, the extract of Leucaena leucocephala seed has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Leucaena leucocephala, dilution method

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Amber Honey and White Honey on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Multi Resistant (PaMR) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Faisal Yusuf Ashari ◽  
Setio Harsono ◽  
Manik Retno Wahyunitisari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Natural Substance

Introduction: Infection of burn wound is a chronical disturbance to the skin, which is caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but lately many cases found that both bacteria have been resistant to the antibiotic. To overcome the infection caused by those bacteria, it is important to search for natural substance that has antibacterial activity to both bacteria. The power of natural substance is underestimated. Studies reveal that honey can be more effective for healing burns than modern medicine. The previous research revealed that amber honey and white honey were used as an alternative treatment against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Multi Resistant (PaMR) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of amber honey and white honey on PaMR and MRSA.Methods: This research was conducted by performing antibacterial test phase, determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and determining comparison value of antibacterial activity from amber honey and white honey to tetracycline.Results: The result of this research showed that both amber honey and white honey have antibacterial activity to both bacteria, by way of stronger antibacterial activity from white honey than amber honey. Amber honey and white honey have the same PaMR activity. MIC of white honey was 7.1% (to MRSA) and 12.3% (to PaMR), while MIC of amber honey was 10% (to MRSA) and 12.5% (to PaMR). The comparison value of antibacterial activity between amber honey and white honey to tetracycline for MRSA was equal to 1:1.08 x 10-4 and 1:1.62 x 10-4. The comparison value of antibacterial activity between amber honey and white honey to tetracycline for PaMR was equal to 1:5.62 x 10-6 and 1:1.03 x 10-5 .Conclusion: Amber honey and white honey have antibacterial activity against MRSA and PaMR. 

scholarly journals A New Nano-Platform of Erythromycin Combined with Ag Nano-Particle ZnO Nano-Structure against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanu Naskar ◽  
Sohee Lee ◽  
Yunhee Lee ◽  
Semi Kim ◽  
Kwang-sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Nano-particles have been combined with antibiotics in recent studies to overcome multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, we synthesized a nano-material in which Ag nano-particles were assembled with a ZnO nano-structure to form an Ag-ZnO (AZO) nano-composite at low temperature. This material was combined with erythromycin (Ery), an antibiotic effective towards gram-positive bacteria, using three different approaches (AZO + Ery (AZE) [centrifuged (AZE1), used separately after 1-h gap (AZE2), without centrifugation (AZE3)]) to prepare a nano-antibiotic against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of Ag nano-particles and ZnO nano-structure. The elemental and chemical state of the elements present in the AZO nano-composite were assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of AZE samples against both Escherichia coli and S. aureus strains including MRSA was evaluated in antibacterial and morphological analyses. The AZE3 sample showed greater antibacterial activity than the other samples and was comparable to erythromycin. AZE3 was ~20-fold less prone to developing bacterial resistance following multiple exposures to bacteria compared to erythromycin alone. The AZE3 nano-composite showed good biocompatibility with 293 human embryonic kidney cells. Our newly synthesized nano-platform antibiotics may be useful against multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacteria.

scholarly journals In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Manilkara hexandra (Sapotaceae) Seed Extracts and Violacein against Multidrug Resistant Streptococcus mutans

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Patel ◽  
Arwa Kaizer Ali ◽  
Nishith Nair ◽  
Vijay Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Bactericidal Action ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Seed Extracts

Extracts of the Pongamia pinnata, Manilkara hexandra, and Pyrus pyrifolia seeds prepared by microwave assisted extraction method, and the violet pigment- violacein extracted from Chromobacterium violaceoum were screened for their antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans.M. hexandra extracts were able to inhibit both the test strains of S. mutans used in this study with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 600-800 µg/mL. These extracts exerted bactericidal action against S. mutans with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 600-900 µg/mL. Acetone extract of M. hexandra seeds registered highest average total activity of 231.20 mL/g. Extraction efficiency was found to have a moderately good correlation with antibacterial activity. Violacein exerted bactericidal action with MIC and MBC of less than 2 µg/mL against both the strains.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Activity Screened by the Rheology of S. aureus Cultures

Fluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Portela ◽  
Filipe Valcovo ◽  
Pedro L. Almeida ◽  
Rita G. Sobral ◽  
Catarina R. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Viscosity Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Constant Shear Rate ◽  
Over Time

Multidrug resistant bacteria are one of the most serious public health threats nowadays. How bacteria, as a population, react to the presence of antibiotics is of major importance to the outcome of the chosen treatment. In this study we addressed the impact of oxacillin, a β-lactam, the most clinically relevant class of antibiotics, in the viscosity profile of the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain COL. In the first approach, the antibiotic was added, at concentrations under the minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC), to the culture of S. aureus and steady-state shear flow curves were obtained for discrete time points during the bacterial growth, with and without the presence of the antibiotic, showing distinct viscosity progress over time. The different behaviors obtained led us to test the impact of the sub-inhibitory concentration and a concentration that inhibited growth. In the second approach, the viscosity growth curves were measured at a constant shear rate of 10 s−1, over time. The obtained rheological behaviors revealed distinctive characteristics associated to the presence of each concentration of the tested antibiotic. These results bring new insights to the bacteria response to a well-known bacteriolytic antibiotic.

Membrane-Targeting Mechanism of Host Defense Peptides Inspiring the Design of Polypeptide-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles Exhibiting Effective Antibacterial Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yueming Wu ◽  
Longqiang Liu ◽  
Ximian Xiao ◽  
Zihao Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Health System ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Bacteria Resistance

Multidrug-resistant bacterial infection is a grand challenge to global medical and health system. Therefore, it is urgent to develop versatile antibacterial strategies that can combat bacteria resistance without displaying toxicity....

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Rhipsalis baccifera and Drymoglossum piloselloides against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumanii.

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
S. D. Kugaperumal ◽  
R. D. De Silva ◽  
T. D. Karunarathne ◽  
C. P. Gunasekara ◽  
D. N. A. W. Samarakoon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii are known to cause delayed healing of infections in both acute and chronic wounds. Plants are a natural source of novel antimicrobials and many new drugs are derived from plants, as plants contain phytochemicals that have antimicrobial activity. Sri Lanka is a tropical country with a wide variety of plant species, many of which were identified as possessing medicinal qualities and have been used by traditional medicinal practitioners in the treatment of various diseases and ailments. Dressings made of Rhipsalis baccifera and Drymoglossum piloselloides have been used to treat wounds by Sri Lankan traditional medicine practitioners. This study determined the antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of R. baccifera and D. piloselloides against MRSA and Multidrug-resistant A. baumanii. Aqueous and methanolic extractions of both plants were done by maceration. Their antibacterial properties were checked against MRSA and A. baumanii by the well diffusion method. The effectiveness of the extract was further tested against factors like temperature and storage time. R. baccifera (aqueous extract) exhibited antimicrobial properties against MRSA but no activity against A. baumanii. The antibiotic activity against MRSA was increased after two months of storage at 4°C. D. piloselloides exhibited no antibiotic activity against both MRSA and A. baumanii. The methanolic extracts did not demonstrate any antibacterial activity.

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