scholarly journals Looking at Flavonoid Biodiversity in Horticultural Crops: A Colored Mine with Nutritional Benefits

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia Scarano ◽  
Marcello Chieppa ◽  
Angelo Santino
Keyword(s):  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Flavonoids represent a wide group of plant secondary metabolites implicated in many physiological roles, from the attraction of pollinators to the protection against biotic or abiotic stresses. Flavonoids are synthetized in a number of horticultural crops that are important components of our daily diet. In the last decades, the consumption of vegetables rich in antioxidants has been strongly promoted from the perspective of prevention/protection against chronic diseases. Therefore, due to their nutritional importance, several attempts have been made to enhance flavonoid levels in species of agronomic interest. In this review, we focus on the flavonoid biodiversity among the major horticultural species, which is responsible of differences among closely related species and influences the qualitative/quantitative composition. We also review the role of flavonoids in the nutritional quality of plant products, contributing to their organoleptic and nutritional properties, and the main strategies of biofortification to increase their content.

scholarly journals Changes in the nutritional structure of the population of Russia for 100 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Burlyaeva ◽  
A. O. Kambarov ◽  
D. B. Nikityuk
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Good Nutrition

Background. In recent years, great importance has been given to preserving and strengthening the health of the population, the role of disease prevention and formation of a healthy lifestyle, including the formation of a culture of healthy nutrition of the population. With the aim to study changes in nutrition of the Russian population over the past 100 years, we have conducted a nutrition assessment based on statistical data. The results obtained indicate significant changes in the quantitative composition of the main groups of products consumed by the population of Russia. The structure of the diet indicates significant deviations from the recommendations on rational food consumption standards that meet modern requirements for a healthy diet. There is a lack of consumption of potatoes, vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products, eggs, which are a source of essential nutrients for the body proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals. At the same time, over the past hundred years, there has been a significant, even excessive, increase in the consumption of meat products and sugar. Conclusion. Good nutrition largely determines the quality of life and health indicators of the nation.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Application of Boron with Calcium and Potassium on Quality and Yield of Mango cv. Summer Bahisht (SB) Chaunsa

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Bibi ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Allah Bakhsh ◽  
Sidra Kiran ◽  
Subhan Danish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients

Abstract Poor uptake of nutrients not only deteriorates the quality but also the yield of horticultural crops. Among various macro and micronutrients, the role of K, Ca and B is very important. Therefore, balanced application and uptake of K and Ca and B can improve the quality and yield of mango trees. So, a field study was conducted with the hypothesis that combined application of K and Ca along with B would be effective to improve yield and quality of Mango cv. Summer Bahisht (SB) Chaunsa. There were two sources of Ca(CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2) and three sources of K(KNO3, K2SO4 and K-Citrate) combined with boric acid (BA). All Ca and K sources were applied at the rate of 1% while BA was applied at 0.2%. As compared to control, a significant improvement in fruit set panicle-1 (35.7% and 50.0%), fruit retention (125% and 40%), shelf life (73.3% and 36.6%), total soluble solids (35.1% and 40.6%) and fruit yield (52.5% and 49.2%) in 2016 and 2017 respectively, confirmed the effectiveness of KNO3 (1.0%) + BA (0.2%). Between CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2, application of Ca (NO3)2 was found more efficacious regarding improvement of quality and yield of SB Chaunsa. It is concluded that to improve the quality and yield of Mango cv. SB Chaunsa, KNO3 (1.0%) + BA (0.2%) is the best nutrients combination, and Ca(NO3)2 is a better option as compared to CaCl2.

scholarly journals The role of the menu in the day mode of highly qualified athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
І.С. Томчук ◽  
L. Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Living Organism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Daily Diet

The article theoretically substantiates the role of the menu as the primary factor in the training process of highly qualified athletes. The main directions for compiling the menu are determined. Brief characteristics of the nutrients needed to create a daily diet are given, taking into account their characteristics. The introduction of two- and three-time training has significantly changed the diet of highly qualified athletes, and the improvement of training methods has led to a significant increase in the energy costs of the body. A huge amount of training makes organizing very difficult, not only the diet during the training day, but also its component in the quantity and quality of the menu. A well-planned menu, in turn, is the basis for increasing the athlete's performance. An athlete who follows a balanced diet, including the number of calories, is easier to adapt to physical and mental stress. How to balance nutrition so that, without increasing the volume of food, the athlete’s body can be maximally satisfied in energy and nutrients when preparing the menu. Since after measuring the amount in a calorimeter, the heat generated by a person, which translates into “burned” calories, is always less than when burning food in a calorimeter. Since the metabolism in a living organism is not capable of absolute oxidation, the second indicator is always less than the first in a certain proportion, reflecting the efficiency of metabolism [12]. However, it should be noted that, despite the importance of this issue for athletes, to paint a full menu is often fraught with various kinds of difficulties. The fact is that the recommendations for the preparation of diets differ from each other. Diets are different. One of them, developed by nutrition experts. Others are invented by people who are not related not only to nutrition, but also to medicine in general. There is much more speculation and exaggeration in them than scientifically based recommendations. Therefore, it can be difficult for a non-specialist to understand those proposals, which are full of all kinds of scientifically unconfirmed diets.

scholarly journals The Role of Curcumin in the Modulation of Ageing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bielak-Zmijewska ◽  
Wioleta Grabowska ◽  
Agata Ciolko ◽  
Agnieszka Bojko ◽  
Grażyna Mosieniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Daily Diet

It is believed that postponing ageing is more effective and less expensive than the treatment of particular age-related diseases. Compounds which could delay symptoms of ageing, especially natural products present in a daily diet, are intensively studied. One of them is curcumin. It causes the elongation of the lifespan of model organisms, alleviates ageing symptoms and postpones the progression of age-related diseases in which cellular senescence is directly involved. It has been demonstrated that the elimination of senescent cells significantly improves the quality of life of mice. There is a continuous search for compounds, named senolytic drugs, that selectively eliminate senescent cells from organisms. In this paper, we endeavor to review the current knowledge about the anti-ageing role of curcumin and discuss its senolytic potential.

scholarly journals Physiological and Nutraceutical Quality of Green and Red Pigmented Lettuce in Response to NaCl Concentration in Two Successive Harvests

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1358
Author(s):  
Petronia Carillo ◽  
Maria Giordano ◽  
Giampaolo Raimondi ◽  
Francesco Napolitano ◽  
Emilio Di Stasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Floating Raft ◽  
Salinity Levels

Nutritional eustress such as salinity or nutrient stress applied in soilless systems, is a convenient pre-harvest factor efficient in modulating the phytochemical components of horticultural crops, by triggering defensive mechanisms and accumulating plant secondary metabolites in plants tissues. Nevertheless, genetic material (cultivars with different pigmentation) dictates lettuce metabolites and physiological response to extrinsic eustress, with red leaf cultivars being highly nutrient packed notwithstanding the stress. Product quality can be meliorated equally by applying several cuts, a practice proven to increase bioactive compounds accumulation. In this study, we analyzed the effects of four salinity levels (1, 10, 20 and 30 mM NaCl) on green and red pigmented Salad Bowl lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. acephala) in two successive harvests cultivated in a floating raft system. The morphological parameters, mineral composition, leaf gas exchanges, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of both cultivars were assessed. The green cultivar exhibited superior crop productivity but was more prone to salinity effect than the red cultivar. Irrespective of cultivar and cut order, the net photosynthesis decreased with increasing salinity in the nutrient solution. The second cut incurred higher dry biomass, greater accumulation of most minerals and higher photosynthetic activity. In red lettuce, 20 mM NaCl proved adequate eustress to increase phytonutrients and beneficial minerals (K, Ca, and Mg) with minimal loss of yield. Mild salinity and sequential harvest have proven effective pre-harvest tools in positively modulating the quality of lettuce. Eustress interaction with genotype was demonstrated as a promising field for future breeding programs targeting select genotypes for agronomic application of eustress to improve the nutraceutical value of vegetable crops.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document