scholarly journals Citicoline in Ophthalmological Neurodegenerative Disease: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Francesco Oddone ◽  
Luca Rossetti ◽  
Mariacristina Parravano ◽  
Diego Sbardella ◽  
Massimo Coletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Dopaminergic Transmission

Cytidine 5’-diphosphocholine has been widely studied in systemic neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and brain ischemia. The rationale for the use of citicoline in ophthalmological neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy, is founded on its multifactorial mechanism of action and the involvement in several metabolic pathways, including phospholipid homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, as well as cholinergic and dopaminergic transmission, all being involved in the complexity of the visual transmission. This narrative review is aimed at reporting both pre-clinical data regarding the involvement of citicoline in such metabolic pathways (including new insights about its role in the intracellular proteostasis through an interaction with the proteasome) and its effects on clinical psychophysical, electrophysiological, and morphological outcomes following its use in ophthalmological neurodegenerative diseases (including the results of the most recent prospective randomized clinical trials).

Dietary factors in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis: A comprehensive review

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852092395
Author(s):  
Claire Valburg ◽  
Anup Sonti ◽  
Joel NH Stern ◽  
Souhel Najjar ◽  
Asaff Harel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Background: Dietary intervention in multiple sclerosis carries potential therapeutic implications. While studies utilizing animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS) have demonstrated intriguing findings, well-designed clinical trials are few in number. Objective: The objective of this study is to review the animal model and clinical literature regarding dietary factors in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) and MS. Methods: This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of current animal model and clinical knowledge related to dietary factors in MS. Results: While there is currently little data for any specific diet in MS, there is growing evidence that certain dietary factors may influence the disease. Conclusions: Definitive information regarding dietary factors as a modifiable risk factor in MS will require larger randomized clinical trials.

Exogenous melatonin for sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xue-yan Chen ◽  
Su-wen Su ◽  
Qing-zhong Jia ◽  
Tao Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin

scholarly journals Author response: A comprehensive review of randomized clinical trials in three medical journals reveals 396 medical reversals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Herrera-Perez ◽  
Alyson Haslam ◽  
Tyler Crain ◽  
Jennifer Gill ◽  
Catherine Livingston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals Bias and unclear outcomes in clinical trials of diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional analysis of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Mozetic ◽  
Valéria Mozetic de Barros ◽  
Lucas Denadai ◽  
Matheus Ferreira Santos da Cruz ◽  
Natasha Ferreira Santos da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Subjective Outcomes

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials are well-designed papers that aim to answer questions in the real world. However, sometimes they present missing, dubious and unclear outcomes that make it difficult to apply in practice. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to evaluate the way and the frequency with which the outcomes in randomized clinical trials of intervention in diabetic retinopathy can be presented in an unclear way to readers. Make an analysis of how these dubious presentations can lead to misinterpretations, why this happens and how they can be remedied. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a search for RCT about DR intervention in PubMed published over the past five years. RESULTS: Seventy RCT were included, 27 in peripheral diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 43 in diabetic macular edema (DME). In the DME group we found 25.6% reporting and publication bias; 34.9% subjective outcomes, 44.1% presented a lack of presentation of the baseline and 51.1% underreporting adverse events. In the PDR group we found 29.6% reporting and publication bias; 44.4% subjective outcomes, 14.8% presented a lack of presentation of the baseline and 62.9% underreporting adverse events. CONCLUSION: In addition to the result bias, we found other forms of publication of unclear outcomes in RCT on DR. Most of them occurred due to disrespect for CONSORT parameters. The reader must be attentive to recognize them and know how they can influence the interpretation of the data.

scholarly journals The Threshold of the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy below Which Intensive Glycemic Control Is Beneficial in Diabetic Patients: Estimation Using Data from Large Randomized Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yuqi Liu ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Jinfang Ma ◽  
Nanwei Tong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Intensive Glucose Control ◽  
Intensive Glycemic Control

Intensive glucose therapy can protect the retina of individuals with diabetes, but it is unknown if it provides the same protection to patients with different severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We finally included DR-related studies involving intensive glucose control with large sample size and long follow-up time, including five large and high-quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs): DCCT, UKPDS, ACCORD, AdRem, and VADT. With DCCT as a reference, we supposed a DR severity threshold that is verified by other RCTs then. We found that individuals who have DR lesions that are equivalent to or less severe than moderate NPDR achieve benefits for the retina by intensive glycemic control. However, these are realized only if the HbA1c in type 1 or type 2 diabetic patients is reduced at least by 0.8% versus the control group or it is reduced to <7% and >3 years of intensive glucose control is required. If the severity of DR lesions is worse than moderate NPDR, intensive glycemic control may not bring benefits.

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