scholarly journals Serodynamic Analysis of the Piglets Born from Sows Vaccinated with Modified Live Vaccine or E2 Subunit Vaccine for Classical Swine Fever

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chia Li ◽  
Ming-Tang Chiou ◽  
Chao-Nan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Modified Live Vaccine

Classical swine fever (CSF) caused by the CSF virus (CSFV) is one of the most important swine diseases, resulting in huge economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Systematic vaccination is one of the most effective strategies for the prevention and control of this disease. Two main CSFV vaccines, the modified live vaccine (MLV) and the subunit E2 vaccine, are recommended. In Taiwan, CSF cases have not been reported since 2006, although systemic vaccination has been practiced for 70 years. Here, we examined the sero-dynamics of the piglets born from sows that received either the CSFV MLV or the E2 vaccine and investigated in the field the correlation between the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) loads and levels of CSFV antibody. A total of 1398 serum samples from 42 PRRSV-positive farms were evaluated to determine the PRRSV loads by real-time PCR and to detect CSFV antibody levels by commercial ELISA. Upon comparing the two sow vaccination protocols (CSFV MLV vaccination at 4 weeks post-farrowing versus E2 vaccination at 4–5 weeks pre-farrowing), the lowest levels of CSFV antibody were found in piglets at 5–8 and 9–12 weeks of age for the MLV and E2 groups, respectively. Meanwhile, the appropriate time window for CSFV vaccination of offspring was at 5–8 and 9–12 weeks of age in the MLV and E2 groups, respectively. There was a very highly significant negative correlation between the PRRSV load and the level of CSFV antibody in the CSFV MLV vaccination group (P < 0.0001). The PRRSV detection rate in the pigs from the MLV group (27.78%) was significantly higher than that in pigs from the E2 group (21.32%) (P = 0.011). In addition, there was a significant difference (P = 0.019) in the PRRSV detection rate at 5–8 weeks of age between the MLV (42.15%) and E2 groups (29.79%). Our findings indicate that the vaccination of CSFV MLV in piglets during the PRRSV susceptibility period at 5–8 weeks of age may be overloading the piglet’s immune system and should be a critical concern for industrial pork production in the field.

scholarly journals PRRSV detection by qPCR in processing fluids and serum samples collected in a positive stable breeding herd following mass vaccination of sows with a modified live vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebret ◽  
P. Berton ◽  
V. Normand ◽  
I. Messager ◽  
N. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stability Monitoring ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Modified Live Vaccine ◽  
Processing Fluid

AbstractIn the last two decades, in France, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) stabilization protocols have been implemented using mass vaccination with a modified live vaccine (MLV), herd closure and biosecurity measures. Efficient surveillance for PRRSV is essential for generating evidence of absence of viral replication and transmission in pigs. The use of processing fluid (PF) was first described in 2018 in the United States and was demonstrated to provide a higher herd-level sensitivity compared with blood samples (BS) for PRRSV monitoring. In the meantime, data on vertical transmission of MLV viruses are rare even as it is a major concern. Therefore, veterinarians usually wait for several weeks after a sow mass vaccination before starting a stability monitoring. This clinical study was conducted in a PRRSV-stable commercial 1000-sow breed-to-wean farm. This farm suffered from a PRRS outbreak in January 2018. After implementing a stabilisation protocol, this farm was controlled as stable for more than 9 months before the beginning of the study. PF and BS at weaning were collected in four consecutive batches born after a booster sow mass MLV vaccination. We failed to detect PRRSV by qPCR on PF and BS collected in a positive-stable breeding herd after vaccination with ReproCyc® PRRS EU (Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany).

Epidemiological survey of classical swine fever in Tibetan pigs in Nyingchi, Tibet China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Kui Li ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Peng Shang ◽  
Yangzom Chamba
Keyword(s):  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immune Effect ◽  
Tibetan Pigs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a major hazardous disease to the pigs and as a dangerous epidemic; it causes a serious economic losses to the pig industry. Though, a national compulsory immunization of CSF vaccines had been carried out for a long time, scarce information can be got about the immune effect of CSF in Tibetan pigs. The present study was to investigate the seroprevalence of CSF in Tibetan pigs in Nyingchi area of Tibet, China. A total 454 samples were collected from November 2014 to January 2015 and were investigated through enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that 241 (53.1%, 95% CI 48.4-57.8) pigs were found to be positive for CSF with the further distribution of 53.3% (95% CI 46.8–59.6), 49.5% (95% CI 42.2-56.8) and 93.8% (95% CI 69.8-99.8) in Tibetan counties of Nyingchi, Mainling and Gongbo'gyamda, respectively. There was no significant difference in male (52.8%, 95% CI 46.4-59.1) and female pigs (50.0%, 95% CI 42.6-57.4). Though, 53.1% of the serum samples were tested out positive to CSF, only the seroprevalence of CSF in Tibetan pigs in Gongbo'gyamda were higher than 70% which was ruled by the government. The low seroprevalence of CSF in Tibetan pigs should arise a serious concern and effective methods should be taken, in order to prevent CSF infection effectively.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Porcine Pseudorabies Virus and Its Coinfection Rate in Heilongjiang Province in China from 2013 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhou ◽  
Yan Pan ◽  
Mengda Liu ◽  
Zifeng Han
Keyword(s):  
Pseudorabies Virus ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pig Farms

Abstract Background Pseudorabies (PR) is a highly contagious disease affecting a wide range of animals worldwide, which causes great annual economic losses in China. In this study, a total number of 18815 serum samples and 1589 tissue samples were tested by ELISA and PCR, which were collected from 311 intensive pig farms (≥350 sows) located in eight cities in Heilongjiang province. Results Overall, 16.3% and 84.5% serum samples were positive for gE- and gB-specified ELISA, respectively. 17.8% of tissue samples were shown as PCR positive for PRV. The co-infection rates of PRV with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) were measured. The rate of PRV co-infected with PRRSV was 36.0% followed by 12.9% with PCV2 and 1.8% with CSFV, respectively. Conclusions These results clearly demonstrate PRV prevalence and its coinfection rate in Heilongjiang province indicating high PR endemic in pig farms in this region. This study provides data for further epidemiological investigations and a reference for developing PRV control strategies in this region and in China.

scholarly journals Seroprevalences of classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs in Hunan Province, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyang Yu ◽  
Luhua Zhang ◽  
Yunfeng Cai ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Rate ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Effective Prevention

Abstract Background: Classical swine fever (CSF) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are responsible for major economic losses and represent a threat to the swine industry worldwide. Routine surveillance serology for CSF and PRRS will be critical to maintain the health status of sow farms in Hunan Province, which is one of the top pig production provinces in China.The objective of our study was to investigate the seroprevalence of CSF virus (CSFV) and PRRS virus (PRRSV) in Hunan Province from 2017 to 2019 using ELISA. The cohort pig serum samples were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated sow farms in eight cities in Hunan Province. Results: CSFV and PRRSV seropositivity showed significant differences among parts of Hunan Province in China. Interestingly, our findings show that the level of CSFV antibody in piglet sera decreases gradually with increasing piglet age, whereas PRRSV-specific antibodies may appear in various growth stages in unvaccinated animals. Meanwhile, the average rate of CSFV antibody seropositivity was 82.2%, while the rate of PRRSV antibody seropositivity was slightly higher (84.4%) in the immunized group.Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that a serological investigation of these two major infectious diseases (CSF and PRRS) among pigs at various growth stages will provide a basis for the further development of more effective prevention and control measures.

scholarly journals Effects of North American Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)-Based Modified Live Vaccines on Preimmunized Sows Artificially Inseminated with European PRRSV-Spiked Semen

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwon Han ◽  
Hwi Won Seo ◽  
Yeonsu Oh ◽  
Ikjae Kang ◽  
Changhoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Reproductive Failure ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The North ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Modified Live Vaccine

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to determine if the European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can be transmitted via spiked semen to preimmunized sows and induce reproductive failure. Sows were immunized with the North American PRRSV-based modified live vaccine (Ingelvac PRRS MLV; Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, St. Joseph, MO) and were artificially inseminated. The sows were randomly divided into three groups. The vaccinated (group 2) and nonvaccinated (group 3) sows developed a PRRSV viremia at 7 to 28 days postinsemination with the European PRRSV-spiked semen. The number of genomic copies of the European PRRSV in serum samples was not significantly different between vaccinated and nonvaccinated sows. All negative-control sows in group 1 farrowed at the expected date. The sows in groups 2 and 3 farrowed between 103 and 110 days after the first insemination. European PRRSV RNA was detected in the lungs of 8 out of 11 live-born piglets and 46 out of 54 stillborn fetuses. In addition, PRRSV RNA was detected usingin situhybridization in other tissues from vaccinated sows that had been inseminated with European PRRSV-spiked semen (group 2). The present study has demonstrated that vaccinating sows with the North American PRRSV-based modified live vaccine does not prevent reproductive failure after insemination with European PRRSV-spiked semen.

scholarly journals Surveillance results of communicable swine diseases in breeding pig farms near Ulaanbaatar city

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Bayarmaa Sukhbaatar ◽  
Amartuvshin Tsolmon ◽  
Shurenchimeg Badamjav ◽  
Gantumur Tsedee ◽  
Erdenebat Bulgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Swine Diseases

We have done laboratory-based analyses of highly contagious and infectious swine diseases commonly occurring in household and pig farms on 200 swine serum samples collected from Bayanzurkh, Songinokhairkhan, Nalaikh, Khan-Uul district of Ulaanbaatar city, to establish the rate of infection, to gather information on farming and bio-security, to further detect this infectious diseases, for the purpose of risk assessment and preventive research.  According to ELISA test results Classical swine fever 27 (13.5%), Parvovirus 50 (25%), Influenza 16 (8%), Circovirus 112 (56%) samples had shown positive results. Presence of classical swine fever antibody in 27/200 samples are reaction of vaccine immunization.  Also antibody presence of Swine parvovirus, Influenza, circovirus in samples indicates necessity of make it clear that whether symptomless cases around farms.  But antibody absence of porcine food and mouth disease, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, swine mycoplasmosis transmissible gastro-enteritis, coronovirus, leptospirosis, brucellosis indicates such disease free in farms. Antibody absence of African swine fever done by surveillance this time shows no further infection however it was occurred in Mongolia early in 2019.  Fundamental surveying is a key tool for monitoring health status of pig farm and formulating eradication program for swine infectious diseases as well as help farmers prevent economic losses by implementing prophylactic measures against sudden cases of such diseases. Thus we suggest that above mentioned surveillance study need to be continued as a tool for monitoring because of it is importance of keep pig farmers sustainable, furthermore crucial for nation`s economy. Улаанбаатар хотын ойролцоо үржүүлж буй гахайд зонхилон тохиолдох халдварт өвчнүүдийг тандан судалсан дүн Улаанбаатар хотын Баянзүрх, Налайх, Сонгинохайрхан, Хан-Уул зэрэг 4 дүүргийн өрхийн болон аж ахуйн гахайд зонхилон тохиолддог гоц болон халдварт өвчнүүдийн лабораторид суурилсан шинжилгээг хийх, халдварлалтын түвшинг тогтоох, аж ахуй эрхлэлт, биоаюулгүй байдлын талаар мэдээлэл цуглуулах, цаашид халдварт өвчнийг эрт илрүүлэх, эрсдэлийг үнэлэх, урьдчилан сэргийлэх судалгааны ажлын зорилгын хүрээнд нийт 200 дээжинд эсрэгбием илрүүлэх ЭЛИЗА урвалаар шинжилгээг хийхэд гахайн сонгомол мялзан 27 (13.5%), парвовирус 50 (25%), томуу 16 (8%), цирковирус 112 (56%) дээж эерэг дүн үзүүлэв. Гахайн сонгомол мялзан өвчний эсрэгбием (27/200) илэрсэн нь урьдчилан сэргийлэх зорилгоор тарьсан вакцины урвал юм. Гахайн парвовирус, гахайн томуу, гахайн цирковирус зэрэг өвчний вирусын эсрэгбием илэрч байгаа нь ил шинж тэмдэггүй, халдварын тархалт байгаа эсэхийг баталгаажуулах шаардлагатайг харуулж байна. Харин гахайн шүлхий, микоплазм, гахайн үржил, амьсгалын замын хам шинж, гахайн ходоод гэдэсний замын халдварт үрэвсэл, коронавирус, лептоспироз, бруцеллёз зэрэг өвчний эсрэгбием илрээгүй нь халдваргүйг харуулж байна. Гахайн африкийн мялзан өвчин Монгол оронд 2019 оны эхээр гарч байсан ч энэ удаагийн тандалтаар эсрэгбием илрээгүй нь өвчлөл дахиж гараагүй болохыг харуулж байна. Тандан судалгаа нь гахайн эрүүл мэндийг хянах, эрүүлжүүлэх хөтөлбөрийг боловсруулах гахайн аж ахуйд тохиолдох эдийн засгийн болзошгүй эрсдэлээс урьдчилан хянахад чухал ач холбогдолтой.  Тиймээс энэхүү суурь судалгааг жил бүр тогтмол хийх нь гахайн аж ахуйг тогтвортой байлгах төдийгүй улс орны эдийн засагт чухал ач холбогдолтой тул гахайн эрүүл мэндийг хянах зорилгоор үргэлжлүүлэн хийж байх шаардлагатай байна. Түлхүүр үг: Гахайн халдварт өвчнүүд, ЭЛИЗА, тандан судалгаа, эсрэгбием

scholarly journals Serological Investigation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants in East Shewa and Arsi Zones, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Gari ◽  
Biressaw Serda ◽  
Dejene Negesa ◽  
Fethu Lemma ◽  
Hagos Asgedom
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Important Disease

Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is an economically important disease of small ruminants with a rapidly expanding geographical distribution. There are fragmented reports to the occurrence and distribution of the disease in Ethiopia. A total of 700 serum samples were collected from goats and sheep to detect the presence of antibody against PPR virus using Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (C-ELISA). An overall PPR seropositivity was reported to be 48.43% in the area. There is no statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence of the disease between sheep and goats (50.85% and 46.68%), respectively. However, there was statistically significant variation (P<0.05) in the seroprevalence of the disease in young (33.9%) and adult (55.8%) age categories. The seroprevalence in male and female was 42.07% and 50.09%, respectively, where the variation was statistically not significant (P>0.05). High seroprevalence of Peste des petites ruminants in the study area indicated the virus circulation and endemicity of the disease. The disease causes substantial economic losses by affecting the livelihood of the farmers. Therefore, control measures should be put in place to minimize the loss associated with the disease.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv) modified-live vaccine reduces virus transmission in experimental conditions

Vaccine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (21) ◽  
pp. 2493-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rose ◽  
P. Renson ◽  
M. Andraud ◽  
F. Paboeuf ◽  
M.F. Le Potier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Modified Live Vaccine
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