scholarly journals The M35 Metalloprotease Effector FocM35_1 Is Required for Full Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Zhang ◽  
Huoqing Huang ◽  
Bangting Wu ◽  
Jianghui Xie ◽  
Altus Viljoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Lesion Formation ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Race 4

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) causes Fusarium wilt of banana, the most devastating disease on a banana plant. The genome of Foc TR4 encodes many candidate effector proteins. However, little is known about the functions of these effector proteins on their contributions to disease development and Foc TR4 virulence. Here, we discovered a secreted metalloprotease, FocM35_1, which is an essential virulence effector of Foc TR4. FocM35_1 was highly upregulated during the early stages of Foc TR4 infection progress in bananas. The FocM35_1 knockout mutant compromised the virulence of Foc TR4. FocM35_1 could interact with the banana chitinase MaChiA, and it decreased banana chitinase activity. FocM35_1 induced cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana while suppressing the INF1-induced hypersensitive response (HR), and its predicted enzymatic site was required for lesion formation and the suppression to INF1-induced HR on N. benthamiana leaves. Importantly, treatment of banana leaves with recombinant FocM35_1 accelerates Foc TR4 infection. Collectively, our study provides evidence that metalloprotease effector FocM35 seems to contribute to pathogen virulence by inhibiting the host immunity.

scholarly journals Unique Secreted in Xylem Genes in Banana-Infecting Endophytic Fusarium Oxysporum

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lyons ◽  
Elizabeth Czislowski ◽  
Isabel Zeil-Rolfe ◽  
Shubhdeep Kaur ◽  
Zhendong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Banana Industry ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum Species Complex ◽  
Six Genes

Members of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex include pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates and infect a broad range of plant species. F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) causes the destructive Fusarium wilt of banana, and the recently emerged Foc tropical race 4 strain threatens the global banana industry. Secreted in xylem (SIX) genes encode for F. oxysporum effector proteins that are associated with virulence in pathogenic F. oxysporum, however they have rarely been reported from non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates. Our recent survey of asymptomatic banana plants grown in Foc-infested fields in Queensland and northern NSW revealed that diverse Fusarium spp, including F. oxysporum, reside in the plant roots and pseudostem without causing obvious damage to the plant. Intriguingly, we amplified SIX genes from several of the putative endophytic F. oxysporum isolates identified in the survey and found that they differ in their profile to known Foc SIX genes. To study the role of the endophytic F. oxysporum isolates in planta and the biological function of their SIX genes in more detail, we will re-inoculate cultivated and wild diploid banana lines with the endophytic F. oxysporum strains under glasshouse conditions to assess if they are non-pathogenic on banana. Secondly, we will determine whether the endophytic F. oxysporum SIX genes are expressed in planta and/or in vitro and look at the transcriptome changes occurring in the host following infection. Finally, endophytic F. oxysporum strains transformed with GFP will be used to investigate the extent of fungal colonisation in the plant.

scholarly journals A Cerato-Platanin Family Protein FocCP1 Is Essential for the Penetration and Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwen Liu ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Fangcheng Bi ◽  
Tao Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Penetration Ability ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Race 4

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is well-known as the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of banana and is one of the most destructive phytopathogens for banana plants. The molecular mechanisms underlying Foc TR4 virulence remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a cerato-platanin (CP) protein, FocCP1, functions as a virulence factor that is required by Foc TR4 for penetration and full virulence. The FocCP1 gene was expressed in every condition studied, showing a high transcript level in planta at the early stage of infection. Infiltration of the recombinant FocCP1 protein induced significant cell death and upregulated defence-related gene expression. FocCP1 knock-out strains showed a significant decrease in aerial growth rather than aqueous growth, which is reminiscent of hydrophobins. Furthermore, deletion of FocCP1 significantly reduced virulence and dramatically reduced infective growth in banana roots, likely resulting from a defective penetration ability. Taken together, the results of this study provide novel insight into the function of the recently identified FocCP1 as a virulence factor in Foc TR4.

scholarly journals Genome Data of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1 and Tropical Race 4 Isolates Using Long-Read Sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1270-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingzi Yun ◽  
Aixia Song ◽  
JianDong Bao ◽  
Shasha Chen ◽  
Songmao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Chromosome Level

Fusarium wilt of banana is caused by the soilborne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. We generated two chromosome-level assemblies of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 and tropical race 4 strains using single-molecule real-time sequencing. The F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 and tropical race 4 assemblies had 35 and 29 contigs with contig N50 lengths of 2.08 and 4.28 Mb, respectively. These two new references genomes represent a greater than 100-fold improvement over the contig N50 statistics of the previous short-read-based F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense assemblies. The two high-quality assemblies reported here will be a valuable resource for the comparative analysis of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense races at the pathogenic level.

scholarly journals DNA methylation patterns of banana leaves in response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2736-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-yao LUO ◽  
Xiao-lei PAN ◽  
Tie-cheng PENG ◽  
Yun-yun CHEN ◽  
Hui ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Race 4

scholarly journals Fusarium Wilt of Banana Is Caused by Several Pathogens Referred to as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy C. Ploetz
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Fusarium wilt of banana (also known as Panama disease) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Where susceptible cultivars are grown, management is limited to the use of pathogen-free planting stock and clean soils. Resistant genotypes exist for some applications, but resistance is still needed in other situations. Progress has been made with this recalcitrant crop by traditional and nontraditional improvement programs. The disease was first reported in Australia in 1876, but did the greatest damage in export plantations in the western tropics before 1960. A new variant, tropical race 4, threatens the trades that are now based on Cavendish cultivars, and other locally important types such as the plantains. Phylogenetic studies indicate that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense had several independent evolutionary origins. The significance of these results and the future impact of this disease are discussed.

scholarly journals Fusarium Wilt of Banana

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1512-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy C. Ploetz
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere ◽  
Cultural Measures ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Race 4

Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the world’s most important fruits. In 2011, 145 million metric tons, worth an estimated $44 billion, were produced in over 130 countries. Fusarium wilt (also known as Panama disease) is one of the most destructive diseases of this crop. It devastated the ‘Gros Michel’-based export trades before the mid-1900s, and threatens the Cavendish cultivars that were used to replace it; in total, the latter cultivars are now responsible for approximately 45% of all production. An overview of the disease and its causal agent, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is presented below. Despite a substantial positive literature on biological, chemical, or cultural measures, management is largely restricted to excluding F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense from noninfested areas and using resistant cultivars where the pathogen has established. Resistance to Fusarium wilt is poor in several breeding targets, including important dessert and cooking cultivars. Better resistance to this and other diseases is needed. The history and impact of Fusarium wilt is summarized with an emphasis on tropical race 4 (TR4), a ‘Cavendish’-killing variant of the pathogen that has spread dramatically in the Eastern Hemisphere.

scholarly journals Pre-treatment and Suitable Reagent Enabled a Reliable and Consistent for Molecular Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc4)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Listya Utami Karmawan ◽  
Fenny Martha Dwivany ◽  
Rizkita Rachmi Esyanti ◽  
I Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Fungal Genome ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Treatment Step

Fusarium wilt which is caused by the soil-borne fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), is one of important diseases in banana plant. Foc tropical race 4 (Foc4) is the most pathogenic race which could infect various banana cultivars including Cavendish cultivar which was previously considered as resistant cultivar. Molecular detection of Foc using PCR analysis is indispensable to determine the race of Foc. We demonstrate a faster DNA isolation procedure described in previous method by substituting sodium acetate precipitation with ammonium acetate precipitation without affecting the result. Based on our experience, some fungal genomes were troublesome to be amplified. We suggested pre-treatment step prior to amplification procedure by incubating fungal DNA in 65°C for 10 minutes for any samples of fungal genome, including stubborn samples, before mixing into PCR mix reagent. PCR reagents should be tested for stubborn samples since some of the reagents were unable to amplify the desired DNA fragment. Pre-treatment and the choice of robust PCR reagent should be taken into consideration for a reliable and consistent Foc4 molecular detection result.

Alteration in b-1, 3 glucanase and chitinase activity in chickpea varieties infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri race 4

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Shukla ◽  
K. P. Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Race 4

Alterations in b-1,3 glucanase and chitinase activity during host-pathogen interaction were studied in chickpea varieties JCP 27 (resistant) and JG 62 (susceptible) to vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri race 4. The enzyme activities were analyzed in root, stem and leaf tissues at three stages viz., pre-infection, infection and post-infection in normal and inoculated soil. The b-1,3 glucanase activity in root, stem and leaf tissues of susceptible variety found higher than those of resistant one at all the stages of infection under inoculated condition.. The chitinase activity in root and leaf tissues of susceptible variety was higher than the resistant variety at all infection stages in inoculated soil, whereas in stem tissue the activity level was higher in resistant variety at pre-infection and infection stages. Overall result revealed that b-1,3 glucanase showed higher induction with increase in inoculums pressure of the fungal pathogen, whereas hydrolytic enzyme chitinase was induced only when inoculum pressure of the fungal pathogen was severe.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document