scholarly journals Detection of Babesia odocoilei in Ixodes scapularis Ticks Collected in Southern Ontario, Canada

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Scott ◽  
Emily L. Pascoe ◽  
Muhammad S. Sajid ◽  
Janet E. Foley
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Societal Impact ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Match Type ◽  
Type Strains

Tick-borne zoonotic diseases have an economic and societal impact on the well-being of people worldwide. In the present study, a high frequency of Babesia odocoilei, a red blood cell parasite, was observed in the Huronia area of Ontario, Canada. Notably, 71% (15/21) blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, collected from canine and feline hosts were infected with B. odocoilei. Consistent with U.S. studies, 12.5% (4/32) of questing I. scapularis adults collected by flagging in various parts of southwestern Ontario were positive for B. odocoilei. Our data show that all B. odocoilei strains in the present study have consistent genetic identity, and match type strains in the GenBank database. The high incidence of B. odocoilei in the Huronia area indicates that this babesial infection is established, and is cycling enzootically in the natural environment. Our data confirm that B. odocoilei has wide distribution in southern Ontario.

scholarly journals Clinical Implications High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mantellini ◽  
L. Perrero ◽  
S. Petrozzino ◽  
A. Gatta ◽  
S. Bona
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Neuromuscular Disease ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Bronchial Secretions ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Wall Oscillation

Purpose: patients with neuromuscular diseases presents an high incidence of respiratory infections favoured by stagnation of deep bronchial secretions and deficit of cough. The aim of the study is to evaluate the correct treatment of this condition and the role of High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO) in helping the removal of bronchial secretions and reduce the incidence of infections in patients with neuromuscular disease. Methods: analysis of the current bibliography related to respiratory infections and neuromuscular disease. PCEF (Peak Cough Expiratory Flow) is used as a standardized indicator of efficiency of cough. Results: the High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO) is useful, in cases of increased production of mucus and impairment of muco-ciliary clearance, to remove the tracheobronchial secretions and reduce the incidence of infections. Conclusions: the correct approach to patients with neuromuscular disease and frequent respiratory infections is focused on treatment of cough ineffective and management of bronchial secretions. High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO) (VEST) has a central role in treatment of cough ineffective and management of bronchial secretions reducing respiratory infections.

scholarly journals Eimeria spp. infection in lambs from southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 871-874
Author(s):  
Natália S. Martins ◽  
Sara P. da Motta ◽  
Carolina C. Santos ◽  
Andrios S. Moreira ◽  
Nara A.R. Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: Eimeria infections are common in the sheep industry worldwide. Lambs are more susceptible to coccidiosis, especially in stressful conditions, being infected by different species of the parasite. Eimeria crandallis and Eimeria ovinoidalis are considered the most pathogenic, causing reduced growth, dehydration, anorexia, and death. In this study, the frequency of Eimeria species was evaluated in lambs from the southern region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Fecal samples from 248 lambs, from 19 farms, were tested for the presence of oocysts. The positive samples were re-examined and the sporulated oocysts analyzed morphometrically to identify the presence of Eimeria species. In 100% of the evaluated farms, there were animals positive for the protozoan. The frequency of Eimeria species was: E. ovinoidalis (94.74%), E. crandallis (89.47%), E. granulosa (78.95%), E. parva (68.42%), E. ahsata (63.13%), E. punctata (42.11%), E. bakuensis (36.84%), E. faurei (10.53%), and E. pallida (5.26%). Mixed infection was found in 94.74% of the samples. This research describes, for the first time, the occurrence of E. crandallis and E. ovinoidalis infecting lambs in the study area. The wide distribution of this protozoan and the high frequency of pathogenic species show the importance and potential damage of sheep coccidiosis in herds from Rio Grande do Sul.

Abstract 13243: Diminished Daily Fluctuation of Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisaki Makimoto ◽  
Katsuhito Fujiu ◽  
Kohei Shimizu ◽  
Eisuke Amiya ◽  
Kazuo Asada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Holter Monitor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Circadian Fluctuation

Introduction: Autonomic dysfunction is well known in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and linked with cardiac death. In spite of a high incidence of morning death in CKD patients, circadian fluctuation in parasympathetic activation have not been studied in CKD. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that the cardiac autonomic circadian fluctuation is impaired in patients with CKD. Methods: The study population consisted of consecutive 101 patients (54 males, 70±10 years old) with CKD who underwent 24-hour Holter monitor. As a control group, 134 age and sex matched cases (66 males, 68±10 years old) without CKD who also underwent Holter monitor were recruited. Patients with diabetes orβ-blocker therapy were excluded. The high frequency component (HF), which reflected parasympathetic activity, and the low frequency to high frequency ratio (L/H ratio), which reflected, in part, sympathetic activity, were evaluated. To evaluate the contribution of CKD and other parameters to the cardiac autonomic fluctuation, the night (6PM-6AM) to day (6AM-6PM) ratio of HF and L/H ratio were analyzed utilizing a regression analysis. Results: The L/H ratio showed no significant difference during the night between the two groups, in contrast to the significant difference during the daytime. Patients with CKD showed significantly lower HF during the night as compared to control cases (P<0.05), although the daytime HF was not significantly different between the groups (Figure). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that CKD was independently associated with a lower night-to-day ratio of the HF and a higher night-to-day ratio of the L/H ration, even with the adjustment of age and comorbid hypertension. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cardiac autonomic fluctuation is impaired in CKD patients. Whether a deterioration of autonomic activation might explain the high incidence of morning death in CKD patients needs to be clarified in future studies.

Self-Perceived Traumatic Stress in College: A Survey

1995 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Oswalt ◽  
Kelly Silberg
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
College Health ◽  
Automobile Accidents ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
High Incidence

Most studies of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder have involved war veterans and victims of natural disasters and violent crime. To evaluate the incidence at college, 179 college students' responses were examined. Analysis indicated that there was a high frequency of self-perceived traumatic stress in this sample; 42% reported traumatic events, whereas only 6% would meet strict diagnostic criteria. Automobile accidents, deaths, and harassment were events perceived as traumatic. Most students turned to themselves or friends for treatment. Apparently traumatic events are more prevalent on campus than previously thought and (with the exception of rape) are rarely covered in prevention programs. College health authorities should be aware of the high incidence of perceived trauma, inform college students of potential stressors, and provide appropriate treatment.

Use of Alternative Treatments for Emotional Dysphoria by Individuals with Physically Disabling Conditions

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1450-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert H. Krauss ◽  
Jean Kirk ◽  
Christopher Godfrey ◽  
David M. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Alternative Treatments ◽  
High Incidence

A survey of 401 individuals with physically disabling conditions indicated a high incidence of problems of emotional well-being for which many chose alternative therapies.

Calciphylaxis: The Beginning of the End?

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Fine ◽  
Bunny Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Early Improvement ◽  
Time Period ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Yearly Incidence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High

Background We previously reported a very high incidence of calciphylaxis, mainly in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Although we identified several risk factors for the condition, including PD, we were unable to identify why our particular unit had such a high frequency of the condition and a reliable treatment. Objectives To assess the apparent changing frequency of the condition and the response to therapy, and to attempt to determine putative factors that might explain our uniquely high incidence of calciphylaxis. Methods A prospective clinical record was kept on all patients that developed calciphylaxis in our center [both PD and hemodialysis (HD) units] between 1998 and 2006. Results Of the 59 patients that developed calciphylaxis, 54 were on PD, 4 were on HD, and 1 was in predialysis. In the PD population, the mean yearly incidence from 1998 to 2003 was 4.5/100 patient-years, falling to 1.3/100 patient-years in 2004 – 2006. The percent of patients not taking calcium salts fell during this time period. Conversion to HD led to marked early improvement. A marked discrepancy between the levels of ionized calcium (routinely used in our center) and corrected serum calcium was found, with most cases of hypercalcemia (corrected) being missed by using ionized values. Conclusions The incidence of calciphylaxis is falling dramatically. This may be related partially to reduction in usage of calcium salts. Conversion to HD is beneficial. Our uniquely high incidence of calciphylaxis may be related to our use of ionized calcium levels to monitor these patients.

Factors Associated with Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. John Livesley
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Home Dialysis ◽  
Family Factor ◽  
High Incidence

Psychiatric morbidity in a sample of 85 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis was assessed using standard questionnaires (General Health Questionnaire and Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire). Examination of the effects of demographic, illness, treatment, and history variables on questionnaire scores revealed that psychiatric symptoms were more frequent in women than in men, in those on home dialysis, in those living in rural areas, in unemployed men and in those with a disturbed nuclear family. Factor analysis of symptoms assessed by one of the questionnaires (GHQ) revealed six factors: general dissatisfaction, suicidal ideation, confidence and well-being, usefulness and enjoyment, concentration and alertness, sleep disturbance. Interview responses revealed a high incidence of general distress and anxiety and also a high incidence of sexual problems.

The Relationship Between Social Support and Morale: Comparisons of the Widowed and Never Married in Later Life

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Martin Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Never Married ◽  
The Relationship

Through an analysis of data from 152 widowed and 62 never-married elderly residents of southern Ontario, this paper examines the relationship between social support and well-being, measured in terms of morale. The data indicate that while perceived social support is related to morale, particularly among the widowed, measures of available support are not directly associated with well-being among the widowed and never-married elderly. Indeed, reliance upon others for support is, in some circumstances, associated with decreased well-being among the elderly.

scholarly journals Biochemistry and Genetics of Tay-Sachs Disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (S3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy A. Gravel ◽  
Barbara L. Triggs-Raine ◽  
Don J. Mahuran
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Carrier Screening ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Ashkenazi Jews ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Cdna Sequences ◽  
Tay Sachs Disease ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
A Subunit

ABSTRACT:Tay-Sachs disease is one of the few neurodegenerative diseases of known cause. It results from mutations of the HEXA gene encoding the a subunit of β-hexosaminidase, producing a destructive ganglioside accumulation in lysosomes, principally in neurons. With the determination of the protein sequence of the α and β subunits, deduced from cDNA sequences, the complex pathway of subcellular and lysosomal processing of the enzyme has been determined. More recently, detailed knowledge of the gene structure has allowed the determination of specific mutations causing Tay-Sachs disease. The high incidence of the disease in Ashkenazi Jews is attributed predominantly to three mutations present in high frequency, while in non-Jews some two dozen mutations have been identified thus far. The cataloguing of mutations has important implications for carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis for Tay-Sachs disease.

Microbiota of field-collected Ixodes scapularis and Dermacentor variabilis from eastern and southern Ontario, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie M. Clow ◽  
J. Scott Weese ◽  
Joyce Rousseau ◽  
Claire M. Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Dermacentor Variabilis ◽  
Southern Ontario
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