scholarly journals Nutritional Deficiencies in Celiac Disease: Current Perspectives

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4476
Author(s):  
Anil K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Small Intestinal

Gluten-induced T-cell-mediated immune response damages the villous structure that significantly affects the functioning of the small intestinal mucosa [...]

scholarly journals An Overview of Immunogenetic in Celiac Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Aflatoonian
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Interleukin 15 ◽  
Small Intestinal

Introduction: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease caused by persistent intolerance to gluten, which is causedin people who are genetically predisposed.The disease presents with atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa and gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal manifestations.Environmental factors like gluten and genetic factors such as HLA and non-HLA genes are involved in causing the disease.Mucosal atrophy results from an adaptive and innate immune response to gluten. T-helper, interleukin 15 and tumor necrosisfactor-alpha have a central role in this process. Recognize the risk of genetic factors and inflammatorymechanisms will help diagnose and treat the disease.

scholarly journals Contribution of Infectious Agents to the Development of Celiac Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Daniel Sánchez ◽  
Iva Hoffmanová ◽  
Adéla Szczepanková ◽  
Věra Hábová ◽  
Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Food Antigens ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
And Function

The ingestion of wheat gliadin (alcohol-soluble proteins, an integral part of wheat gluten) and related proteins induce, in genetically predisposed individuals, celiac disease (CD), which is characterized by immune-mediated impairment of the small intestinal mucosa. The lifelong omission of gluten and related grain proteins, i.e., a gluten-free diet (GFD), is at present the only therapy for CD. Although a GFD usually reduces CD symptoms, it does not entirely restore the small intestinal mucosa to a fully healthy state. Recently, the participation of microbial components in pathogenetic mechanisms of celiac disease was suggested. The present review provides information on infectious diseases associated with CD and the putative role of infections in CD development. Moreover, the involvement of the microbiota as a factor contributing to pathological changes in the intestine is discussed. Attention is paid to the mechanisms by which microbes and their components affect mucosal immunity, including tolerance to food antigens. Modulation of microbiota composition and function and the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in celiac disease are discussed.

scholarly journals Expression Pattern of Fatty Acid Binding Proteins in Celiac Disease Enteropathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Bottasso Arias ◽  
Marina García ◽  
Constanza Bondar ◽  
Luciana Guzman ◽  
Agustina Redondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Small Intestinal

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy that develops in genetically susceptible individuals following exposure to dietary gluten. Severe changes at the intestinal mucosa observed in untreated CD patients are linked to changes in the level and in the pattern of expression of different genes. Fully differentiated epithelial cells express two isoforms of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs): intestinal and liver, IFABP and LFABP, respectively. These proteins bind and transport long chain fatty acids and also have other important biological roles in signaling pathways, particularly those related to PPARγand inflammatory processes. Herein, we analyze the serum levels of IFABP and characterize the expression of both FABPs at protein and mRNA level in small intestinal mucosa in severe enteropathy and normal tissue. As a result, we observed higher levels of circulating IFABP in untreated CD patients compared with controls and patients on gluten-free diet. In duodenal mucosa a differential FABPs expression pattern was observed with a reduction in mRNA levels compared to controls explained by the epithelium loss in severe enteropathy. In conclusion, we report changes in FABPs’ expression pattern in severe enteropathy. Consequently, there might be alterations in lipid metabolism and the inflammatory process in the small intestinal mucosa.

Reduced expression of Z0-1 and gamma catenin in the small intestinal mucosa of untreated celiac disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. A369
Author(s):  
Ian Perry ◽  
Chris Tselepis ◽  
D Scott A. Sanders ◽  
Janusz A. Jankowski ◽  
Brian T. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Untreated Celiac Disease

scholarly journals Gliadin-specific, HLA-DQ(alpha 1*0501,beta 1*0201) restricted T cells isolated from the small intestinal mucosa of celiac disease patients.

1993 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Lundin ◽  
H Scott ◽  
T Hansen ◽  
G Paulsen ◽  
T S Halstensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Hla Association ◽  
T Cell Clones ◽  
Cell Clones ◽  
Hla Dq ◽  
Small Intestinal

Celiac disease (CD) is most probably an immunological disease, precipitated in susceptible individuals by ingestion of wheat gliadin and related proteins from other cereals. The disease shows a strong human HLA association predominantly to the cis or trans encoded HLA-DQ(alpha 1*0501,beta 1*0201) (DQ2) heterodimer. T cell recognition of gliadin presented by this DQ heterodimer may thus be of immunopathogenic importance in CD. We therefore challenged small intestinal biopsies from adult CD patients on a gluten-free diet in vitro with gluten (containing both gliadin and other wheat proteins), and isolated activated CD25+ T cells. Polyclonal T cell lines and a panel of T cell clones recognizing gluten were established. They recognized the gliadin moiety of gluten, but not proteins from other cereals. Inhibition studies with anti-HLA antibodies demonstrated predominant antigen presentation by HLA-DQ molecules. The main antigen-presenting molecule was established to be the CD-associated DQ(alpha 1*0501, beta 1*0201) heterodimer. The gluten-reactive T cell clones were CD4+, CD8-, and carried diverse combinations of T cell receptor (TCR) V alpha and V beta chains. The findings suggest preferential mucosal presentation of gluten-derived peptides by HLA-DQ(alpha 1*0501, beta 1*0201) in CD, which may explain the HLA association.

scholarly journals HLA-DO-SPECIFIC ALLELES ASSOCIATED WITH CELIAC DISEASE (CD) ARE EXPRESSED IN THE SMALL INTESTINAL MUCOSA (SM)

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Schweizer ◽  
H L Mearin ◽  
A S Pena ◽  
G J A Offerhaus ◽  
E J Dreef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal
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