scholarly journals Dietary Fibre Intake and the 10-Year Incidence of Tinnitus in Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4126
Author(s):  
Diana Tang ◽  
Yvonne Tran ◽  
Giriraj S. Shekhawat ◽  
George Burlutsky ◽  
Paul Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Blue Mountains ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Insoluble Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Incidence Analysis

Tinnitus is the phantom perception of sound in the ears or head that increases in prevalence as age increases. With strong evidence supporting the benefits of dietary fibre for vascular health and hearing loss, intake of dietary fibre may also have a role in the prevention of tinnitus symptoms. This longitudinal study aims to determine the association between the intake of dietary fibre and other carbohydrate nutrition variables including glycaemic index (GI), glycaemic load (GL) and total carbohydrate intakes, and incident tinnitus over 10 years. Of the 1730 participants (aged ≥50 years) from the Blue Mountains Hearing Study with complete baseline data on tinnitus symptoms and carbohydrate intakes, 536 (31%) cases of tinnitus were identified and excluded from further incidence analysis. Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to determine intakes of total dietary fibre and fibre contributions from cereals, vegetables, and fruit. A purpose-built database based on Australian GI values was used to calculate mean GI. Lower versus higher intakes of fruit fibre (≤3.6 g/day vs. >3.6 g/day) and cereal fibre (≤4.2 g/day vs. >4.2 g/day) were significantly associated with a 65% (HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.15–2.36) and 54% (HR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.07–2.22) increased risk of developing tinnitus over 10 years, respectively. Associations between intake of other carbohydrate nutrients and incident tinnitus were mostly non-significant. In summary, our study showed modest associations between intake of dietary fibre and incident tinnitus. The protective effects of fibre, particularly insoluble fibre, could underlie observed associations by reducing the risk of tinnitus via vascular risk factors such as cardiovascular disease. Further longitudinal studies evaluating different types and sources of fibre and tinnitus risk are needed to confirm our study findings.

scholarly journals Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of cutaneous melanoma in a population-based, case–control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Malavolti ◽  
Carlotta Malagoli ◽  
Catherine M. Crespi ◽  
Furio Brighenti ◽  
Claudia Agnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Melanoma Risk ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Control Study

AbstractGlycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) are indicators of dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality and have been associated with increased risk of certain cancers and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance has been associated with increased melanoma risk. However, GI and GL have not been investigated for melanoma. We present the first study to examine the possible association of GI and GL with melanoma risk. We carried out a population-based, case–control study involving 380 incident cases of cutaneous melanoma and 719 age- and sex-matched controls in a northern Italian region. Dietary GI and GL were computed for each subject using data from a self-administered, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We computed the odds ratio (OR) for melanoma according to quintiles of distribution of GL and GL among controls. A direct association between melanoma risk and GL emerged in females (OR 2·38; 95 % CI 1·25, 4·52 for the highest v. the lowest quintile of GL score, Pfor trend 0·070) but not in males. The association in females persisted in the multivariable analysis after adjusting for several potential confounders. There was no evidence of an association between GI and melanoma risk. GL might be associated with melanoma risk in females.

scholarly journals Association between dietary fibre intake and asthma (symptoms and control): results from the French national e-cohort NutriNet-Santé

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland M. Andrianasolo ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot ◽  
Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo ◽  
Mathilde Touvier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Asthma Symptom ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Insoluble Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Total Dietary Fibre ◽  
Asthma Symptom Score

AbstractDespite growing evidence suggesting a potential health benefit of high fibre intake for the prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases, studies regarding the role of total dietary fibre intake, types and sources of fibre on asthma are lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association of dietary fibre intakes and source of fibre with the asthma symptom score and asthma control. A total of 35 380 participants from the NutriNet-Santé cohort were included. Asthma was defined by the asthma symptom score and asthma control by the asthma control test. Fibre intake (g/d) was categorised according to sex-specific quintiles. Multi-adjusted negative binomial regressions were used to evaluate the association between dietary fibre with the asthma symptom score and logistic regressions with asthma control. Participants were aged on average 54 years. After adjustment for confounders, higher intake of total, soluble, insoluble fibres from cereals, fruit and seeds were significantly negatively associated with the asthma symptom score both among women and men; OR for the highest quintile of total dietary fibre compared with the lowest quintile were 0·73 (95 % CI 0·67, 0·79) in women and 0·63 (95 % CI 0·55, 0·73) in men. We also found inverse significant associations between total, soluble and insoluble fibre with uncontrolled asthma; OR for participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fibre was 0·72 (95 % CI 0·55, 0·95) in women and 0·45 (95 % CI 0·26, 0·79) in men. Our results suggested that higher intake of dietary fibre, mostly insoluble fibre and fibre from cereals, was associated with fewer asthma symptoms and greater asthma control.

scholarly journals Overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load of habitual diet and risk of heart disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrine Grau ◽  
Inge Tetens ◽  
Kirsten S Bjørnsbo ◽  
Berit L Heitman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
National Register ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
Diet Records ◽  
Clear Association ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diet History

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that diets with high glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) increase the risk of heart disease.DesignOverall GI and GL were assessed from 7 d diet records or diet history interviews.SettingInformation on hospitalization and death due to CVD and CHD was obtained from the National Register of Cause of Death and the National Register of Patients.SubjectsIn total 3959 adult Danes were – depending on time of entry – followed for 6–25 years until 31 December 1999.ResultsOverall GI was inversely associated with heart disease in men. The hazard ratios (95 % CI) for the 10th and 90th GI percentiles compared with the median were 1·38 (1·13, 1·68) and 0·90 (0·76, 1·07) for CVD morbidity, 1·45 (1·05, 1·99) and 0·81 (0·62, 1·06) for CVD mortality, and 1·31 (0·97, 1·76) and 0·65 (0·51, 0·84) for CHD morbidity. In male subjects GL was not associated with either outcome. In women no clear association between overall GI and heart disease was found, whereas positive non-linear associations were found for GL: at very high levels of GL, increase in GL was associated with increasing CVD and CHD morbidity.ConclusionsIn men low-GI diets were associated increased risk of heart disease and GL was not associated with heart disease. In women there was no clear association between GI and heart disease, but to some extent a positive association between GL and heart disease was observed as hypothesized.

Overview of meta-analyses and pooled analyses of nutrition and breast cancer risk.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1519-1519
Author(s):  
Patrick Mullie ◽  
Philippe Autier ◽  
Peter Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

1519 Background: Twenty years ago, recommendations for prevention of breast cancer by dietary modification were based on decreased fat consumption, and increased consumption of dietary fibre, fruits, vegetables and vitamins. Subsequent literature is replete with reports of studies of diet and nutrition often containing widely varying advice for women regarding reducing their breast cancer risk. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed of the published literature was conducted to identify meta-analyses and pooled analyses relating breast cancer risk to a wide variety of nutritional components including intake of coffee, dairy, dietary fibre, eggs, fat components, fruits and vegetables, glycaemic index and load, meat components, minerals, seafood, soy, tea, and a variety of vitamins. Inclusion criteria were: published in English, time period 2000-2011, and restricted to studies with a prospective design. All published relative risks and confidence intervals were abstracted. Results: The search retrieved 2 pooled analyses and22 meta-analyses concerning alcohol (1), coffee (2), dairy (3), dietary fibre (2), eggs (1), fat components (3), fruits and vegetables (2), glycaemic index and load (3), meat (3), minerals (1), seafood (1), soyfood (1), tea (3), and vitamins (5). In total 256 relative risks were computed by meta- and pooled analyses, with 195 (76%) statistically not significant, 16 (6%) showing an increased risk and 45 (18%) showing a decreased risk of breast cancer. 18 relative risks were less than 0.90 and 5 were greater than 1.25. Of the 5 estimates for alcohol, 2 (40%) showed statistically significant increased risk for breast cancer. For other food items, proportions associated with non-significant risk were for dairy (85%), total fat consumption (83%), dietary fibre (56%), fruits and vegetables (96%), glycaemic index/load (77%), meat (95%) and vitamins (78%). Conclusions: Other than accepted dietary risk factors alcohol, obesity and physical activity, no individual nutritional item has been consistently related to breast cancer risk. Energy balance seems to be an essential element in breast cancer prevention.

scholarly journals Glycaemic index and glycaemic load in relation to risk of diabetes-related cancers: a meta-analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Choi ◽  
Edward Giovannucci ◽  
Jung Eun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Liver And Pancreas

Diets high in glycaemic index (GI) or glycaemic load (GL) have been hypothesised to increase the risks of certain cancers by increasing blood glucose or insulin concentrations. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to evaluate the association between GI or GL and diabetes-related cancers (DRC), including bladder, breast, colon–rectum, endometrium, liver and pancreas, which are associated with an increased risk for diabetes, and prostate cancer, which is associated with a reduced risk for diabetes. We searched Pubmed, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases up to September 2011 and reference lists of relevant articles. Relative risks (RR) and 95 % CI for the highest v. the lowest categories were extracted and pooled using a random-effects model. Thirty-six prospective cohort studies with a total of 60 811 DRC cases were included in the present meta-analysis. In a comparison of the highest and lowest categories, the pooled RR of DRC were 1·07 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·11; n 30) for GI and 1·02 (95 % CI 0·96, 1·08; n 33) for GL. In an analysis of site-specific cancer risks, we found significant associations for GI in relation to breast cancer (RR 1·06; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·11; n 11) and colorectal cancer (RR 1·08; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·17; n 9 studies). GL was significantly associated with the risk of endometrial cancer (RR 1·21; 95 % CI 1·07, 1·37; n 5). In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest a modest-to-weak association between a diet that induces a high glucose response and DRC risks.

scholarly journals Validity of carbohydrate, glycaemic index and glycaemic load data obtained using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Winston Barclay ◽  
Victoria Mary Flood ◽  
Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller ◽  
Paul Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the ability of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to rank Australians according to their intake of total carbohydrate, sugar, starch, fibre, glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL).DesignCross-sectional sample from a population cohort.SettingTwo postcode areas west of Sydney, Australia.SubjectsFrom 1992 to 1994, a total of 2868 older Australians provided dietary data using a 145-item Willett-derived FFQ. A representative sub-sample of 78 subjects completed three 4-day weighed food records (WFRs). Pearson and Spearman correlations, Bland–Altman plots and weighted kappa values were calculated.ResultsCompared with the WFR, the FFQ provided higher mean estimates of all nutrients except starch and GI. All Pearson and/or Spearman correlations were greater than 0.5, except for GL. For GI, sugar, starch and fibre, the regression lines from the Bland–Altman analysis indicated a non-significant linear trend (P = 0.07, P = 0.36, P = 0.28 and P = 0.10, respectively). For GL and total carbohydrate, however, there was a significant linear trend (P = 0.006 and P < 0.0001, respectively), indicating that as the GL and carbohydrate intake of individuals increased, so did the magnitude of the error between the FFQ and WFR. Weighted kappa values all indicated moderate to good agreement, with the exception of GL which was only fair. The proportions of subjects correctly classified within one quintile for all of the nutrients were over 50% and gross misclassification was low (<10%).ConclusionThis FFQ was able to rank individuals according to their intakes of total carbohydrate, sugar, starch, fibre and GI, but not as well for GL.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous associations of insoluble dietary fibre intake with subsequent glycosylated Hb levels among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes: a quantile regression approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 958-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziwen Tan ◽  
Xiaonan Ruan ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Junyi Jiang ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

Dietary fibre intake has been suggested to reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, particularly when glycosylated Hb (HbA1c) levels are high. In the present study, we used a quantile regression (QR) approach to characterise the possible heterogeneous associations of dietary fibre intake with HbA1c levels in Chinese diabetic patients. A total of 497 diabetic patients participated in the baseline survey in 2006 and in the follow-up survey in 2011, both of which were conducted in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, China. Structured in-person interviews were conducted to collect information on demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Blood samples were collected during the interviews for biochemical assays. QR models were used to examine the heterogeneous associations of dietary factors with HbA1c levels. A significant marginal association of insoluble dietary fibre intake with subsequent HbA1c levels was observed only when the HbA1c level was over 6·8 %. The associations appeared to be greater when the quantile levels of HbA1c were higher. The coefficient estimates were − 0·174 (95 % CI − 0·433, − 0·025) at the quantile of 0·60, − 0·200 (95 % CI − 0·306, − 0·008) at 0·70, − 0·221 (95 % CI − 0·426, − 0·117) at 0·80, and − 0·389 (95 % CI − 0·516, − 0·018) at 0·90. A similar pattern was observed for the associations of dietary glycaemic index (GI) value with HbA1c levels. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the associations of insoluble dietary fibre intake and GI value with subsequent HbA1c levels depend on glycaemic control status in Chinese diabetic patients. More studies are required to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate, dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load, and colorectal cancer risk: a case–control study in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 937-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Huang ◽  
Yu-Jing Fang ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Hong Luo ◽  
Nai-Qi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
Control Study

AbstractA carbohydrate-rich diet results in hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia; it may further induce the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. However, epidemiological evidence among Chinese population is quite limited. The aim of this study was to investigate total carbohydrate, non-fibre carbohydrate, total fibre, starch, dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) in relation to colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population. A case–control study was conducted from July 2010 to April 2017, recruiting 1944 eligible colorectal cancer cases and 2027 age (5-year interval) and sex frequency-matched controls. Dietary information was collected by using a validated FFQ. The OR and 95 % CI of colorectal cancer risk were assessed by multivariable logistic regression models. There was no clear association between total carbohydrate intake and colorectal cancer risk. The adjusted OR was 0·85 (95 % CI 0·70, 1·03,Ptrend=0·08) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. Total fibre was related to a 53 % reduction in colorectal cancer risk (adjusted ORquartile 4v.10·47; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·58). However, dietary GI was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk, with an adjusted ORquartile 4v.1of 3·10 (95 % CI 2·51, 3·85). No significant association was found between the intakes of non-fibre carbohydrate, starch and dietary GL and colorectal cancer risk. This study indicated that dietary GI was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk, but no evidence supported that total carbohydrate, non-fibre carbohydrate, starch or high dietary GL intake were related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population.

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