scholarly journals Risk Factors for Eating Disorders and Perception of Body in Young Adults Associated with Sex

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2819
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Purkiewicz ◽  
Anna Malwina Kamelska-Sadowska ◽  
Joanna Ciborska ◽  
Julia Mikulska ◽  
Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Unhealthy Eating

(1) Background: The integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of eating disorders (EDs) requires knowledge and can be used only when specific risk factors are known. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in food choices and eating behavior between males and females; (2) Methods: This study comprised 148 females and 27 males aged from 18 to 26-years-old (MEAN ± SD = 21.4 ± 1.86 years old). Information about EDs was obtained from four different measures: the body mass index (BMI), the eating disorder screen for primary care (ESP), a standardized and validated questionnaire called “My Eating Habits” and the food frequency questionnaire with 10 answers (FFQ-10); (3) Results: The risk for developing eating disorders was detected in nearly 67% of respondents. It was also shown that EDs were more common in females and how body weight affected the way individuals feel about themselves. Females showed more unhealthy eating habits, which contributed to dietary restrictions and emotional overeating, as they were also afraid of gaining weight. The frequency of eating meat and drinking alcohol was higher in males, whereas eating legume seeds was less frequent in females. (4) Conclusions: This study opens a new field, which will help health care professionals recognize the problems with eating disorders and treat them based on different sex characteristics.

scholarly journals Association between area-level education and the co-occurrence of behavior-related risk factors: a multilevel analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Fernando Boing ◽  
SV Subramanian ◽  
Alexandra Crispim Boing
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unhealthy Eating

ABSTRACT: Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association of four different risk factors for chronic diseases and accumulation of these health behaviors with area-level education, regardless of individual-level characteristics in Brazil. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Southern Brazil including 1,720 adults in 2009/2010. The simultaneous occurrence of tobacco smoking, abusive drinking, unhealthy eating habits, and physical inactivity was investigated. Using multilevel models, we tested whether area-level education was associated with each risk factor and with the co-occurrence of them after controlling sociodemographic individual-level variables. Results: We observed a between-group variance of 7.79, 7.11, 6.84 and 1.08% for physical inactivity, problematic use of alcohol, unhealthy eating habits, and smoking, respectively. The between-group variance for the combination of four behaviors was 14.2%. Area-level education explained a significant proportion of the variance observed in physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits. Residents of low educational level neighborhoods showed a 2.40 (95%CI 1.58 - 3.66) times higher chance of unhealthy eating and 1.78 (95%CI 1.19 - 2.67) times higher chance of physical inactivity. The likelihood of individuals with two or three/four risk factors was simultaneously higher among residents of low educational level neighborhoods. Conclusion: Public policies should consider the area-level characteristics, including education to control risk factors for chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Association between eating habits, body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angelo dos Santos DUARTE JUNIOR ◽  
Adroaldo Cezar Araujo GAYA ◽  
Vanilson Batista LEMES ◽  
Camila Felin FOCHESATTO ◽  
Caroline BRAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the multivariate relationships between eating habits, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Methods This is a cross-sectional study developed in a public elementary school with 60 first- to sixth-graders. Their eating habits were assessed using the Food Frequency Survey, weight, height, and cardiorespiratory fitness, assessed according to the Projeto Esporte Brasil protocol. Moreover, the variables, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, diastolic and systolic blood pressure were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and generalized estimation equations were used for the analysis of direct and indirect relations, in a multivariate analysis model with several simultaneous outcomes. Results It appears that the eating habits and cardiorespiratory fitness explain 20% of the body mass index. Cardiometabolic risk factors are explained by the relationship between eating habits, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body mass index, according to the following percentages: 29% (systolic blood pressure), 18% (diastolic blood pressure), 63% (leptin), 4% (adiponectin), 14% (C-reactive protein), 17% (insulin), 10% (high-density lipoprotein), 1% (low-density lipoprotein), 4% (glucose). It is also observed that the effects of the eating habits on cardiometabolic risk factors are indirect, that is, they are dependent on changes in the body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Conclusions The relationship between eating habits and cardiometabolic risk factors in children is dependent on cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index. Thus, our findings suggest a multivariate relationship between these factors.

scholarly journals Dietary Behavior and Risk of Orthorexia in Patients with Celiac Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kujawowicz ◽  
Iwona Mirończuk-Chodakowska ◽  
Anna Maria Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Holistic Care ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Dietary Choices

Evidence points to a link between gluten-free diet or celiac disease and eating disorders, but not with orthorexia. This study is the first to examine adults with celiac disease in terms of the prevalence of risk of orthorexia. The study included 130 adults diagnosed with celiac disease. The standardized ORTHO-15 questionnaire was used to assess the risk of orthorexia. Cronbach's alpha test was used to determine the reliability of the ORTHO-15 questionnaire. Eating habits of the subjects were assessed using a questionnaire. The effect of celiac disease on diet was assessed on a 5-point scale. A risk of orthorexia was found in 69% of subjects with celiac disease. A statistically significant (p<0.005) positive correlation was observed between age and ORTHO-15 test scores (rho=0.37). In the group with orthorexia risk, meals were more often self-prepared (93.3%) compared to those without orthorexia (80%) (p=0.023). For 80% of those at risk for orthorexia versus 20% without risk, mood was a factor influencing dietary choices (p=0.001). The study observed a strong association between celiac disease and the presence of orthorexia risk. The numerous risk factors for orthorexia suggest the need for holistic care, including nutritional and psychological support among individuals with celiac disease.

scholarly journals Meanings attributed to healthy eating by consumers of a street market

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasilaine Andrade PASSOS ◽  
Maria do Carmo Soares de FREITAS ◽  
Ligia Amparo da Silva SANTOS ◽  
Micheli Dantas SOARES
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Safe Food

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the meanings attributed to healthy eating by consumers of a street market in the region called Recôncavo da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil. Methods: Phenomenology-based ethnography to understand the meanings attributed by those consumers. Information was collected through participant observation documented in a field diary and in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted with seven people who were visitors and/or worked at the street market. In the analytical process, the following significant concepts related to healthy eating were systematized: "fruits and vegetables represent healthy eating"; "safe food: it has to be clean", and "foods that do the body good". Results: The meanings attributed to healthy eating are revisited daily and are related to individuals' life experiences; new meanings derive from intersubjective constructions. Based on the interviews, it was observed that re-signification was a constant process, marked by events that influence the respondents to change their eating habits such as diseases, aging, information received by health care professionals, and media reports. Healthy eating was also represented by the hygienic-sanitary quality of foods and the lack of strict control over everyday food choices. Conclusion: We highlight the importance of this discussion in the scientific field and governmental bodies, as well as among health care professionals aiming at a better understanding of the different concepts of healthy eating.

Body Dissatisfaction

Human Affairs ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L'Uboslava Sejčová
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Outward Appearance ◽  
Value System ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Universal Values

Body DissatisfactionThe author concentrates on the preference of the values of "the cult of the body" increasingly affecting the behaviour of young people and their position in the value system relating to generally recognized values. Too much emphasis on physical beauty and outward appearance significantly determines behaviour and can lead to a reduction in values relating to the body and body shape but also to unhealthy eating disorders such as bulimia or anorexia nervosa. The focus is on the pathological perception of the body, on how culture and cultural norms affect body dissatisfaction. A research questionnaire on universal values and the cult of the body (2006) was used. The research sample consisted of 508 respondents aged between 18 and 26 (292 women and 216 men).

scholarly journals Estimation of psychological features, body composition and status of actual nutrition of women with eating behavior disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Olga V. Filatova ◽  
Sergei S. Polovinkin ◽  
Irina V. Chervova ◽  
Evgenia I. Baklanova ◽  
Irina O. Plyasova
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Behavior Disorders ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Features

Background: the violations of eating behavior began to be actively studied since the mid-20th century. In recent years, researchers from different countries have found new evidence of the role of eating behavior, the patient's eating habits in the development of obesity. Since the scope of the study of eating behavior and its disorders began to develop actively relatively recently, many aspects of this problem have not yet been studied. Aim: was to study the psychological features, body composition and parameters of actual nutrition of women with eating behavior disorders. Methods. We used the Dutch questionnaire DEBQ to analyze the types of eating behavior. To assess the severity of eating disorders inherent in eating disorders, the technique "Scale of Eating Behavior Assessment" was used. The actual mental state of the subjects was studied using a clinical and psychological test a questionnaire of the severity of psychopathological symptoms (SCL-90-R). The component composition of the body was assessed using the apparatus for bioimpedanceometry ABC-01 "Medass". The evaluation of the actual nutrition by the method of frequency analysis was carried out with the help of the computer program "Analysis of the state of human nutrition". Results. In all groups of women with eating disorders, higher values on the scales of desire for thinness, bulimia and dissatisfaction with the body, somatization, obsessional-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, depressiveness, anxiety were found. As the eating disorders worsened, the consumption of mono-and disaccharides and added sugar increased, which was accompanied by an increase of the body fat, both in absolute and relative units. Conclusions. In women with eating disorders violations of personal and psychological characteristics, nutrition patterns were detected, which were accompanied by an increase in body fat.

scholarly journals Prevalence of eating disorders on male team sports players

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e001161
Author(s):  
Daniel Baldó Vela ◽  
Antonio Luis Villarino Marín ◽  
Noelia Bonfanti ◽  
José Luis Lázaro Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Study Data ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory

ObjectiveTo determinate the prevalence of EDs in national adult male team sports players.MethodologyAn observational study was conducted with 124 football, rugby, volleyball, handball, water polo, baseball and hockey players ranging between 18 and 55 years old. All subjects signed the informed consent before participating in the study. Data were collected via an online form including four validated questionnaires: The Eating Habits Questionnaire for Athletes, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 and the Body Shape Questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted with the software IBM SPSS V.23.0.0.Results18.5% of the population presented a clinical profile compatible with an ED diagnosis. We cannot confidently say that the prevalence of EDs within our sample is conditioned by the analysed variables.ConclusionMale team sports players may also be a high-risk group in the development of EDs. Risk factors such as young age, semiprofessional sporting status and body fat composition could influence its development.

scholarly journals PERILAKU KONSUMSI MAKANAN CEPAT SAJI PADA REMAJA DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI KESEHATAN

IKESMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Icha Pamelia
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Adolescent Nutrition ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Eating Fast

Adolescent nutritional needs need to be considered because in adolescence there is rapid growth and development. Unhealthy eating habits will affect adolescent nutrition. Unhealthy foods such as fast food are consumed by teenagers. At a time when everything is modern like now, teenagers want everything to be fast, including in choosing food. Fast food is also known to the public as junk food. Junk food is defined as food waste or food that does not have nutrients for the body. Eating junk food is not only in vain, but can also damage health. Fast food comes from western countries which generally have high fat and calorie content. Many factors influence teenagers eating fast food. These factors are discussed based on research articles and book references. Factors that influence consumption of fast food include taste, price, a comfortable place, and peer influence. Fast food can increase the risk of several diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and disorders of blood fat or dyslipidemia. Obesity or obesity is experienced by many children, adolescents, and adults. Obesity occurs because of a changing lifestyle, including eating patterns that often consume fast food. Eating fast food too often does not only cause obesity. However, from obesity experienced by someone, it will increase a person's risk factors for other degenerative diseases, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and stroke.

Body-Related Behaviours and Cognitions in the Eating Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Amin ◽  
Clara Strauss ◽  
Glenn Waller
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Different body-related behaviours and cognitions (checking, avoidance, comparison, display) have been shown to be related to unhealthy eating attitudes in a non-clinical sample. Aims: This study tested whether the use of body-related behaviours is higher in eating-disordered women than in non-clinical women. It also examined whether the use of body-related behaviours is associated with psychological characteristics (particularly anxiety, depression and narcissistic characteristics), controlling for age and eating pathology. Method: Ninety-nine adult women with diagnosed eating disorders (mean age = 30.4 years, SD = 9.44; mean body mass index = 21.9, SD = 6.39) completed standardized measures of eating pathology, anxiety and depression, narcissistic characteristics, and body-related behaviours and cognitions. Results: The Body-Related Behaviours Scale (BRBS) had acceptable levels of internal consistency in this group, and its scales were only weakly to moderately correlated with each other. There were no differences between diagnostic groups, but the clinical group had higher scores that a previous non-clinical sample on three of the scales. The four body-related behaviours had different patterns of association with eating pathology, depression and narcissistic features. However, anxiety was not associated with BRBS scores. Conclusions: The findings support the importance of a wide range of body-related behaviours and cognitions in understanding the eating disorders. However, the lack of an association with anxiety is counter to the suggestion that the various behaviours measured by the BRBS reflect safety behaviours on the part of sufferers. Depression and narcissistic features might be more important in maintaining such behaviours.

scholarly journals Integrated prevention of obesity and eating disorders: barriers, developments and opportunities

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2295-2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sánchez-Carracedo ◽  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer ◽  
Gemma López-Guimerà
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Exciting Development

AbstractObjectiveThe serious consequences of obesity and eating disorders (ED), difficulties encountered in treatment and the high prevalence of these conditions are important reasons to develop efforts aimed at their prevention. The implementation of integrated interventions aimed at preventing risk factors for both obesity and ED constitutes a very exciting development. In the present paper we discuss and review the main reasons for an integrated approach to the spectrum of eating- and weight-related problems, which include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, anorexic and bulimic behaviours, unhealthy dieting practices, body dissatisfaction, binge-eating disorder, overweight and obesity. Given differences between the fields with regard to current perspectives and objectives, key barriers to an integrated approach to prevention are discussed. In order to show the possibilities of development of this approach, we review the main contributions made to date in the fields of both obesity and ED prevention. In particular, environmental approaches in the prevention of obesity and ED are reviewed, given their potential for preventing a broad spectrum of eating- and weight-related problems. Furthermore, several examples of initiatives that have utilized an integrated approach to prevention are discussed.DesignNarrative review.ConclusionsWe recommend a scenario in which the two fields share knowledge to enhance the difficult work of preventing and treating both ED and obesity.

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